Christina Maslach (born January 21, 1946) is an American

social psychologist Social psychology is the scientific study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people or by social norms. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the re ...

and

professor emerita ''Emeritus'' (; female: ''emerita'') is an adjective used to designate a retired chair, professor, pastor, bishop, pope, director, president, prime minister, rabbi, emperor, or other person who has been "permitted to retain as an honorary title ...

psychology Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Psychology includes the study of conscious and unconscious phenomena, including feelings and thoughts. It is an academic discipline of immense scope, crossing the boundaries betwe ...

at the

University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant u ...

, known for her research on

occupational burnout According to the World Health Organization (WHO), occupational burnout is a syndrome resulting from chronic work-related stress, with symptoms characterized by "feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion; increased mental distance from one’s ...

. She is a co-author of the

Maslach Burnout Inventory The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is a psychological assessment instrument comprising 22 symptom items pertaining to occupational burnout. The original form of the MBI was developed by Christina Maslach and Susan E. Jackson with the goal of ass ...

Maslach, C.; Jackson, S.E. (1981). "The measurement of experienced burnout". ''Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2,'' 99–113. and Areas of Worklife Survey. Early in her professional career, Maslach was instrumental in stopping the

Stanford prison experiment The Stanford prison experiment (SPE) was a psychological experiment conducted in the summer of 1971. It was a two-week simulation A simulation is the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time. Simulati ...

. In 1997, she was awarded the U.S. Professor of the Year.

Education and career

Maslach graduated from

Radcliffe College Radcliffe College was a women's liberal arts college in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and functioned as the female coordinate institution for the all-male Harvard College. Considered founded in 1879, it was one of the Seven Sisters colleges and he ...

(1967) and earned a

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...

in Psychology at

Stanford University Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California. The campus occupies , among the largest in the United States, and enrolls over 17,000 students. Stanford is consider ...

(1971).Curriculum vitae
, retrieved 2012-06-22. After receiving her Ph.D., Maslach joined the psychology department at Berkeley as an assistant professor. Her critique of the

persuaded investigator

Philip Zimbardo Philip George Zimbardo (; born March 23, 1933) is an American psychologist and a professor emeritus at Stanford University. He became known for his 1971 Stanford prison experiment, which was later severely criticized for both ethical and scient ...

(later her husband) to stop the experiment after only six days. The experience also shaped Maslach's later career, particularly her interest in

as a response to unavoidable stress. In 1981, Maslach and Susan E. Jackson authored the

(MBI) to assess an individual's experience of occupational burnout in human services settings. She later developed alternative versions of the original MBI to be used to assess education settings (1986) and general occupational settings (1996).Maslach, C.; Jackson, S.E.; Leiter, M.P. (1996–2016). ''Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual (Fourth Edition)''. Menlo Park, CA: Mind Garden, Inc. More than 30 years later, in 2014, Maslach Burnout Inventory was still being cited as "the mainstream measure for burnout." From 1988–89, she was President of the Western Psychological Association (WPA). Since 2001, she has been Vice Provost for Undergraduate Education at the University of California, Berkeley.

Awards and honors

In 1991, Maslach was elected a Fellow of the

American Association for the Advancement of Science The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is an American international non-profit organization with the stated goals of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific respons ...

. She is also a Fellow of the

American Psychological Association The American Psychological Association (APA) is the largest scientific and professional organization of psychologists in the United States, with over 133,000 members, including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students. It ha ...

and of the WPA.Program for 88th Convention of the WPA, 2008
, retrieved 2012-06-25. At Berkeley, Maslach has received the Distinguished Teaching Award and the Social Sciences Service Award. In 1997, she was named the U.S. Professor of the Year by the

Council for Advancement and Support of Education The Council for Advancement and Support of Education (CASE) is a nonprofit association of educational institutions. It serves professionals in the field of educational advancement. This field encompasses alumni relations, communications, marketing ...

and the

Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (CFAT) is a U.S.-based education policy and research center. It was founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1905 and chartered in 1906 by an act of the United States Congress. Among its most nota ...

in 1997. In 2008, Maslach won the WPA Outstanding Teaching Award.

References

External links

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at Center for Occupational and Environmental Health at the

{{DEFAULTSORT:Maslach, Christina American psychologists American women psychologists Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellows of the American Psychological Association Living people Radcliffe College alumni Scientists from California Social psychologists Stanford University alumni University of California, Berkeley faculty 1946 births American people of Polish descent 21st-century American women