''Chondrostoma'' (from the Ancient Greek roots (''khondros'') 'lump' + (''stoma'') 'mouth' = 'lump-mouth') is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family

Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest verte ...

. They are commonly known as nases, although this term is also used locally to denote particular species, most frequently the common nase (''C. nasus''). The common name refers to the protruding upper jaw of these fishes; it is derived from the German (language), German term ''Nase'' 'nose'. Several species have a very restricted range. Some of these endemism, endemics are very rare nowadays, and at least one species is globally extinct.

Systematics

In 2007 it was determined that the presumed monophyletic group consisted of six at least partly independent lineages of Leuciscinae, meaning that the rasping feeding apparatus convergent evolution, evolved more than once. It was proposed to split the genus in six in consequence: ''Achondrostoma'', ''Chondrostoma'', ''Iberochondrostoma'', ''Pseudochondrostoma'', ''Protochondrostoma'' and ''Parachondrostoma''. But at least ''Achondrostoma'' and ''Iberochondrostoma'' may not be separable.

Species

There are currently 24 recognized species in this genus: * ''Chondrostoma angorense'' Benigno Elvira, Elvira, 1987 (Ankara nase) * ''Chondrostoma beysehirense'' Nina Gidalevna Bogutskaya, Bogutskaya, 1997 (Beysehir nase) * ''Chondrostoma ceyhanensis'' Küçük, Davut Turan, Turan, Güçlü, Mutlu & Çiftci, 2017 * ''Chondrostoma colchicum'' Konstantin Mikhailovich Derjugin, Derjugin, 1899 (Colchic nase) * ''Chondrostoma cyri'' Karl Fedorovich Kessler, Kessler, 1877 (Kura nase) * ''Chondrostoma esmaeilii'' Eagderi, Jouladeh-Roudbar, Birecikligil, Çiçek & Coad, 2017 * ''Chondrostoma fahirae'' (Werner Ladiges, Ladiges, 1960) (Tefenni nase) * ''Chondrostoma holmwoodii'' (George Albert Boulenger, Boulenger, 1896) (Izmir nase) * ''Chondrostoma kinzelbachi'' Friedhelm Krupp, Krupp, 1985 (Orentes nase) * ''Chondrostoma knerii'' Johann Jakob Heckel, Heckel, 1843 (Dalmatian nase) * ''Chondrostoma kubanicum'' Lev Berg, L. S. Berg, 1914 (Kuban's nase) * ''Chondrostoma meandrense'' Benigno Elvira, Elvira, 1987 (Menderes nase) * ''Chondrostoma nasus'' (Carl Linnaeus, Linnaeus, 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 1758) (Common nase, sneep) * ''Chondrostoma orientale'' Pier Giorgio Bianco, Bianco & Petru Mihai Bănărescu, Bănărescu, 1982 * ''Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum'' Karl Fedorovich Kessler, Kessler, 1877 (Terek nase) * ''Chondrostoma phoxinus'' Johann Jakob Heckel, Heckel, 1843 (Minnow nase) * ''Chondrostoma prespense'' Stanko Karaman, S. L. Karaman, 1924 (Prespa nase) * ''Chondrostoma regium'' (Johann Jakob Heckel, Heckel, 1843) (Mesopotamian nase) * extinct, †''Chondrostoma scodrense'' Benigno Elvira, Elvira, 1987 *''Chondrostoma smyrnae'' Küçük, Çiftçi, Güçlü & Davut Turan, Turan, 2021 * ''Chondrostoma soetta'' Charles Lucien Bonaparte, Bonaparte, 1840 (Italian nase) * ''Chondrostoma toros'' Küçük, Davut Turan, Turan, Güçlü, Mutlu & Çiftci, 2017 * ''Chondrostoma vardarense'' Stanko Karaman, S. L. Karaman, 1928 (Vardar nase) * ''Chondrostoma variabile'' Vasilii Evgrafovich Yakovlev, Yakovlev, 1870 (Volga undermouth)

Footnotes

References

Chondrostoma FishBase
* (2007): A new species of ''Chondrostoma'' Agassiz, 1832 (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) with sexual dimorphism from the lower Rio Tejo Basin. ''Zootaxa'' 1616: 23–35
PDF abstract
* (2008): Insights on speciation patterns in the genus ''Iberochondrostoma'' (Cyprinidae): Evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear data. {{Taxonbar, from=Q141255 Chondrostoma, Leuciscinae Cyprinidae genera Taxa named by Louis Agassiz Taxonomy articles created by Polbot