enzymology Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

, a chlorate reductase () is an enzyme that

catalyzes Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...

the chemical reaction :AH₂ + chlorate

\rightleftharpoons

A + H₂O + chlorite Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are a reduced electron acceptor (denoted AH₂) and

chlorate The chlorate anion has the formula ClO3-. In this case, the chlorine atom is in the +5 oxidation state. "Chlorate" can also refer to chemical compounds containing this anion; chlorates are the salts of chloric acid. "Chlorate", when followed by ...

, whereas its 3 products are an oxidized electron acceptor (denoted A), water, and

chlorite The chlorite ion, or chlorine dioxide anion, is the halite with the chemical formula of . A chlorite (compound) is a compound that contains this group, with chlorine in the oxidation state of +3. Chlorites are also known as salts of chlorous ac ...

. It is closely related to the enzyme

perchlorate reductase Perchlorate reductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactions: :ClO4− + 2 AH2 \rightleftharpoons ClO2− + 2 A + 2 H2O and :ClO3− + AH2 \rightleftharpoons ClO2− + A + H2O Thus, the substrates of this enzyme are a reduced el ...

which reduces both chlorate and perchlorate. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is chlorite:acceptor oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called chlorate reductase C.

References

* EC 1.97.1 Enzymes of unknown structure {{1.97-enzyme-stub