Chinook Oilfield
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Peregrino is an oil field (block BM-C-7) located offshore of
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
, east of
Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a b ...
, in the southwest part of the
Campos Basin The Campos Basin is one of 12 coastal sedimentary basins of Brazil. It spans both onshore and offshore parts of the South Atlantic with the onshore part located near Rio de Janeiro. The basin originated in Neocomian stage of the Cretaceous period ...
area with about of oil in place within the sanctioned area. The oil field was discovered in 2004 and was formerly known as Chinook.


Reserves and production

The location is off the coast, situated in of water. Peregrino is a
heavy crude oil Heavy crude oil (or extra heavy crude oil) is highly-viscous oil that cannot easily flow from production wells under normal reservoir conditions. It is referred to as "heavy" because its density or specific gravity is higher than that of light cru ...
of 13. API and with high
viscosity The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate. For liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of "thickness": for example, syrup has a higher viscosity than water. Viscosity quantifies the inte ...
. Sulfur content is 1.8% which is considered medium sour. The estimated recoverable volume of crude oil is to . The first oil is expected for early 2011, where 5 wells are anticipated for production and production should reach a plateau of within the first year with a targeted production of some by 2012. The field will be completed in three phases and will include approximately 60 wells; phase one of the project includes 37 wells; 30 production wells and 7 water injection wells. The temperature of the oil, gas, water and sand from the field is 79.6°C in the reservoir and 60-66°C on arrival in the ship, and then heated to 130-150°C for processing (separation). After this, the temperature is kept at 65-70°C to keep the oil liquid.


Development

The field was originally planned to be operated by
Anadarko Petroleum Anadarko Petroleum Corporation was a company engaged in hydrocarbon exploration. It was organized in Delaware and headquartered in two skyscrapers in The Woodlands, Texas: the Allison Tower and the Hackett Tower, both named after former CEOs of ...
with
Statoil Equinor ASA (formerly Statoil and StatoilHydro) is a Norwegian state owned enterprise, state-owned multinational energy company headquartered in Stavanger. It is primarily a petroleum company, petroleum company, operating in 36 countries with ad ...
as 50%; however, on March 4, 2008, Statoil purchased Anadarko's 50% share of the oil field for US$1.8 billion. At the time of acquiring the license, the field's recovery factor was estimated to be 9%. However, with the current reservoir depletion plan of the field calling for the use of produced water injection and rock compaction, Peregrino's recovery factor has increased to 20%. On 21 May 2010, Statoil agreed to sell 40% stake to
Sinochem Sinochem Corporation () is a Chinese state-owned multinational conglomerate primarily engaged in the production and trading of chemicals and fertilizer and exploration and production of oil for civilian and military purposes. Its majority o ...
. The first phase of the development includes two drilling and wellhead platforms and a ship-shaped floating production, storage and off-take unit (
FPSO A floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) unit is a floating vessel used by the offshore oil and gas industry for the production and processing of hydrocarbons, and for the storage of oil. An FPSO vessel is designed to receive h ...
) called Maersk Peregrino built in
Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
. It is 345m long, cost 1B
euro The euro ( symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 out of the member states of the European Union (EU). This group of states is known as the eurozone or, officially, the euro area, and includes about 340 million citizens . ...
s and is powered by 72 MW
steam turbine A steam turbine is a machine that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft. Its modern manifestation was invented by Charles Parsons in 1884. Fabrication of a modern steam turbin ...
s fueled by gas from the field.Andersen, Kasper Brøndgaard
Maersk Peregrino
(in Danish) ''Ing.dk'', 22 November 2010
Functional drawings
Retrieved: 22 November 2010.
The platforms are tied back to the FPSO by flowlines and power umbilicals. Project requires extensive sub-surface and reservoir management skills such as produced water injection, horizontal wells and flow assurance to sustain the project over a longer-term. With the current reservoir depletion plan of the field calling for the use of produced water injection and rock compaction, Peregrino's recovery factor has increased to 20%.


Contractors

The project commenced in February 2007, when South Atlantic Holding and
Maersk Contractors (), also known simply as Maersk (), is a Danish shipping company, active in ocean and inland freight transportation and associated services, such as supply chain management and port operation. Maersk was the largest container shipping line ...
signed an agreement to perform a FEED study for the project. Shortly after the FEED, a contract was awarded to Maersk Contractors (now Maersk FPSOs) for the provision of the FPSO and for 15 years of operation of the FPSO.
Aker Solutions Aker Solutions ASA, an engineering company based in Oslo, provides the products, systems and services required to unlock energy from sources such as oil, gas, offshore wind and capture. The company, founded in 1841, was known as Aker Kværner u ...
will perform the mooring installation work – the first marine installation job for Aker Solutions in Brazil. The scope of work comprises planning and installation of a submerged turret production (STP) buoy with mooring system using ten mooring lines with 90-tonne piles, heavy chain and wire. The operations were scheduled to be conducted during Q4 2009. APL (a subsidiary of
National Oilwell Varco NOV Inc., formerly National Oilwell Varco, is an American multinational corporation based in Houston, Texas. It is a worldwide provider of equipment and components used in oil and gas drilling and production operations, oilfield services, and ...
) will provide the submerged turret production and mooring system for the Peregrino FPSO. Kiewit Offshore Services was selected for the engineering, procurement, and construction of the two large 6,500-ton decks and two jackets, 6,600 and 7,000 tons respectfully. Additional scope also includes the fabrication of two piles weighing a total of 5,600 tons.
Subsea 7 Subsea 7 S.A. is a Luxembourgish-domiciled subsea engineering, construction and services company serving the offshore energy industry. The company is registered in Luxembourg with its headquarters in London. History The company was formed by the ...
received a contract for the engineering, procurement, construction and installation of the pipelines connecting the two platforms to the FPSO. Another contract was awarded to Kiewit Offshore Services Ltd. for the supply of two drilling platforms for the field.
FMC Technologies FMC Technologies, Inc. was a North American company that produced equipment for exploration and production of hydrocarbons. FMC Technologies was incorporated in 2000 when FMC Corporation divested its machinery businesses. It exists today as a par ...
will manufacture and install the surface wellheads and surface production trees for the Peregrino project.
Wood Group John Wood Group plc, commonly known as Wood, is a British multinational engineering and consulting business with headquarters in Aberdeen, Scotland. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange as well as being a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. ...
Brasil was selected by Statoil to provide operations, maintenance and modification services for the two Peregrino wellhead platforms. The five-year contract is valued at approximately US $60 million. Wood Group Brasil's project scope includes both offshore services and onshore support, and covers all production processes and equipment except drilling services. The project will be managed by Wood Group Brasil's existing management team, and more than 50 local workers will be hired for operations, maintenance, engineering and other positions. William Jacob Management, Inc. were awarded the engineering, procurement and construction managementWilliam Jacob Management web site) by Statoil for the provision of the drilling facilities. Siem Consub will provide maritime support for the initial 2 years under a renewable contract for an additional year. The PSV-ship will be available beginning in the first quarter of 2010. Seawell, a
Seadrill Seadrill is a deepwater drilling contractor for the petroleum industry. It is incorporated in Bermuda for tax purposes and managed from London and Houston The company operates semi-submersible platforms, jackup rigs and drillships. History Seadri ...
subsidiary, will manage the drilling campaign at a cost of US$90 million.


References


External links


Statoil, presentation of the Peregrino fieldPetrobras, map over the Campos-basin
{{coord missing, Brazil Oil fields of Brazil Equinor