The DF4 (Chinese: 东风4) is a type of
diesel-electric locomotive
A diesel locomotive is a type of railway locomotive in which the prime mover (locomotive), prime mover is a diesel engine. Several types of diesel locomotives have been developed, differing mainly in the means by which mechanical power is conv ...
used in the
People's Republic of China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
. It has been in production since 1969 and is still produced as of 2007 by several local companies. It is the most common locomotive in China and is used for both passenger and freight services.
Models
DF4
The first DF4 was built in 1969 in
Dalian
Dalian () is a major sub-provincial port city in Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, and is Liaoning's second largest city (after the provincial capital Shenyang) and the third-most populous city of Northeast China. Located on the ...
. The first 108 locomotives that were built here are the original DF4s using the 16V240ZJ engine. It took seven years to build all 108 locomotives of this type. Due to unstable technique in the production of early-built DF4 locomotives, malfunctions of mechanic and electric parts occurred frequently during the operation, especially the diesel engine. Thus, most DF4 locomotives were taken out of service for maintenance, and
railroad engineer
A train driver, engine driver, engineman or locomotive driver, commonly known as an engineer or railroad engineer in the United States and Canada, and also as a locomotive handler, locomotive operator, train operator, or motorman, is a pers ...
s from Fengtai Locomotive Depot sarcastically joked that the DF4 "can't make it from
Dongdan to
Xisi
Xisi () literally, the "Western Four" or the "Western Quadrangle", is the name of an intersection and surrounding neighborhood in Xicheng District, Beijing. Xisi, at the intersection of what is now Xisi Avenue and Fuchengmen Inner Avenue, dates to ...
", two neighborhoods of Beijing. Therefore, Dalian Locomotive Works introduced 16V240ZJA, an improved diesel engine.
Few of the early series DF4 are still in operation. The first DF4 of the class is currently in permanent exhibition at the
Beijing Railway Museum
The China Railway Museum () is a Chinese museum preserving locomotives that have operated on the railways of the People's Republic of China. The museum offers a total exhibition space of 16500m² and 8 exhibition tracks.
The museum is located ...
.
DF4A
The DF4A distinguishes itself from first series DF4s with an improved engine, the 16V240ZJA. Production started in 1976 (the first model being DF4-0109) and lasted until 1984. The DF4A designation is unofficial.
DF4B
Nicknamed "Watermelon", "
Armed Police
The police are a constituted body of persons empowered by a state, with the aim to enforce the law, to ensure the safety, health and possessions of citizens, and to prevent crime and civil disorder. Their lawful powers include arrest and th ...
", or "Orange". Generally speaking, "Watermelons" and "Armed Police" versions are used for freight, while "Oranges" (DF4 2000 Series) are manufactured with alternated gear ratio for the allowance of increased operation speed, intended for passenger services. DF4B are very similar to standard DF4, apart from an improved engine (16V240ZJB) and modified engine inlet filters in certain instances. Production started in Dalian in 1984.
DF4C
The DF4C was supposed to replace the DF4B as the main diesel locomotive in China and comes with several improvements, including a new engine revision (16240ZJC). The first DF4C was produced in 1985 and batch production started four years later, in 1989, and lasted until roughly the end of the 20th century. The first two DF4C (4001 and 4002) produced in 1985 continued the use of the DF4B hull. A new hull design is applied for the batch-produced configuration.
The DF4C comes in a different color scheme than the previous DF4s, namely dark blue and later light blue and beige. The passenger version, informally called DF4CK, has an A1A-A1A wheel arrangement.
Gearing variations
The DF4, DF4B and DF4C were each produced with two different gear ratios, "passenger" (up to or for DF4C) and "freight" (up to ). The passenger variant was often painted orange.
DF4D
The DF4D, the most recent DF4 revision, has been produced since 1996 with the 16V240ZJD engine. The passenger versions increased top speed to or . The freight version comes in a different color scheme than the previous DF4Ds, namely green (7000 Series) and later light blue (4000 Series) and yellow. The green version sat on radial bogies but later converted to standard bogies. Their top speed to 100 km/h (62 mph).
DF4D-7000 series are configured with shorter hull compared to standard DF4D series.
DF4DJ
The DF4DJ, originally DF4DAC, of which only 2 were built had AC drive technology supplied by
Siemens
Siemens AG ( ) is a German multinational conglomerate corporation and the largest industrial manufacturing company in Europe headquartered in Munich with branch offices abroad.
The principal divisions of the corporation are ''Industry'', '' ...
. They were China's first AC drive diesel locomotive.
DF4DD
A
road-switcher
A road switcher is a type of railroad locomotive
designed to both haul railcars in mainline service and shunt them in railroad yards. Both type and term are North American in origin, although similar types have been used elsewhere.
A road s ...
version of the DF4 with side walkways and a full-body cab similar to modern American locomotives. The type was the most powerful road switcher class in China until the introduction of the HXN3B and
HXN5B classes.
DF4E
The DF4E is a 2 unit locomotive of total power 4.86MW (2x2.43MW)
Manufacturers
DF4s have been manufactured by several companies:
* CSR
Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Co., Ltd.
* CSR
Ziyang Locomotive Works
CRRC Ziyang Co., Ltd. () is a Chinese locomotive manufacturer, one of the subsidiaries of CRRC. The plant was located in Ziyang, Sichuan Province.
History
CRRC Ziyang Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as The company) is a subsidiary of CRRC Corpo ...
(DF4B, DF4C & DF4C (A1A))
*
Dalian Locomotive & Rolling Stock Works
*
Datong locomotive factory
CRRC Datong Co. Ltd. () is a Chinese railway locomotive manufacturing plant based in Datong, Shanxi, China, founded 1953. The factory was a major producer of steam locomotives for the Chinese market up to 1988 when production switched to diesel p ...
North Korea
In 2001, the
Korean State Railway
The Korean State Railway (), commonly called the State Rail () is the operating arm of the Ministry of Railways of North Korea and has its headquarters at P'yŏngyang. The current Minister of Railways is Chang Jun Song.
History
1945–195 ...
bought two locomotives of type CKD4A (DF4D) new from
CNR Dalian
CRRC Dalian Co., Ltd. (), often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.
The factory was established in 1899 during the period of constructio ...
; these were delivered in July 2002.
[http://www.cchere.com/topic/3893100] These are powered by the same 16V240ZJD as the Chinese DF4D, producing and have a maximum speed of . They are painted in the standard light blue over dark green, but their numbers are not known.
Between 2006 and 2008, three batches of refurbished second-hand DF4 ("DF4A") and DF4B were delivered to
North Korea
North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu River, Y ...
.
These are numbered in the 내연200 series (내연 = ''Naeyŏn'', "internal combustion") and are in service for passenger and freight trains all over North Korea;
[Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), ] many are assigned to the
Hamhŭng area.
The total number delivered is not known, but the number is at least 36 units, numbered 내연201 to 내연225
and 내연261 to 내연271. Many are still in their former Chinese paint, but some have been repainted into the standard light blue over dark green, and two have received the dark green/yellow scheme applied to many
M62-type diesels obtained second hand from
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
and
Slovakia
Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...
. There is at least one DF4D, in standard blue over green livery.
Gallery
File:DF4-0707 (Datong).jpg, DF4 locomotive
File:DF4B 9221 in Beijing North Railway Station 20110322.jpg, DF4B locomotive
File:China Railways DF4C 5127, Liuzhou Locomotive and Rolling Stock Plant, 20141019.jpg, DF4C locomotive
File:DF4D 0379 20101110.jpg, DF4D(0000 Series) locomotive
File:China Railways DF4D 3174 & China Railways DF4D 3265 20150725.jpg, DF4D(3000 Series) locomotive
File:China Railways DF4D 4019 20150725.jpg, DF4D(4000 Series) locomotive
File:China Railways DF4D 7007 20161217.jpg, DF4D(7000 Series) locomotive
File:Railway between Haikou Railway Station and South Port - 05.JPG, DF4DD locomotive
File:China Railways DF4DF 4035 20150709 02.jpg, DF4DF locomotive which supports head-end power
In rail transport, head-end power (HEP), also known as electric train supply (ETS), is the electrical power distribution system on a passenger train. The power source, usually a locomotive (or a generator car) at the front or 'head' of a train, p ...
File:DF4DJ0001 20111007.jpg, DF4DJ locomotive
Preservation
DF4/DF4A
* DF4-0001: is preserved at the
China Railway Museum
The China Railway Museum () is a Chinese museum preserving locomotives that have operated on the railways of the People's Republic of China. The museum offers a total exhibition space of 16500m² and 8 exhibition tracks.
The museum is located ...
* DF4-0002: is preserved at Fengtai Locomotive Depot,
Beijing Railway Bureau
China Railway Beijing Group, officially abbreviated as CR Beijing or CR-Beijing, formerly, Beijing Railway Administration is a subsidiaries company under the jurisdiction of the China Railway (formerly the Ministry of Railway). It supervises the ...
* DF4-0084: is preserved at Baoji Railway Technicion College
* DF4-0187: is preserved at Shandong Polytechnic
* DF4-0212: is preserved at Hebei Vocational College Of Rail Transportation
* DF4-2002: is preserved at
Zhejiang Normal University
Zhejiang Normal University (ZJNU) is a comprehensive public university in Jinhua city, Zhejiang province, China. Its main campus is next to the Shuanglong Cave national park and covers an area of more than 220 hectares with a total floor space ...
* DF4-2012: is preserved at Jinan Railway Advanced Technical School
DF4B
* DF4B-1029: is preserved at the Shengyang Railway Museum
* DF4B-1442: is preserved at Taiyuan Locomotive Depot, Taiyuan Railway Bureau
* DF4B-1718: is preserved at Anhui Communications Vocational & Technical College
* DF4B-1781: is preserved at Heilongjiang Communications Polytechnic
* DF4B-1787: is preserved at Liuzhou Industrial Museum
* DF4B-1884: is preserved at Heilongjiang Communications Polytechnic
* DF4B-1893: is preserved at Fengtai Locomotive Depot,
Beijing Railway Bureau
China Railway Beijing Group, officially abbreviated as CR Beijing or CR-Beijing, formerly, Beijing Railway Administration is a subsidiaries company under the jurisdiction of the China Railway (formerly the Ministry of Railway). It supervises the ...
* DF4B-1983: is preserved at
Central South University
Central South University (CSU; ) is a national public university in Changsha, Hunan, China. The university is sponsored by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China Ministry of Education. It is a Chinese state Double Fir ...
* DF4B-2127: is preserved at Qiqihar Technician College
* DF4B-2244: is preserved at Nanjing Railway Vacational Technical College
* DF4B-2298: is preserved at Qiqihar Railway Engineering School
* DF4B-2480: is preserved at Liuzhou Railway Vacational Technical College.
* DF4B-3179: is preserved at Huhhot Vocational College
* DF4B-6210: is preserved at
North University of China
North University of China (NUC; ) is a university based in Taiyuan, Shanxi province, China. It was formerly known as North China Institute of Technology from 1993 to 2004. Founded on September 8, 1941 as Taihang Industrial School, and renamed Ta ...
* DF4B-7019: is preserved at
Southwest Jiaotong University
Southwest Jiaotong University () is located in national central city Chengdu, Sichuan Province, affiliated to the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. It's a national key university co-supported by the Ministry of Education o ...
* DF4B-7149: is preserved at
Shijiazhuang Tiedao University
* DF4B-7260: is preserved at Tianjin Railway Vacational Technical College
* DF4B-9008: is preserved at the
China Railway Museum
The China Railway Museum () is a Chinese museum preserving locomotives that have operated on the railways of the People's Republic of China. The museum offers a total exhibition space of 16500m² and 8 exhibition tracks.
The museum is located ...
DF4C
* DF4C-4001: is preserved at the
China Railway Museum
The China Railway Museum () is a Chinese museum preserving locomotives that have operated on the railways of the People's Republic of China. The museum offers a total exhibition space of 16500m² and 8 exhibition tracks.
The museum is located ...
* DF4C-4040: is preserved at the
China Railway Museum
The China Railway Museum () is a Chinese museum preserving locomotives that have operated on the railways of the People's Republic of China. The museum offers a total exhibition space of 16500m² and 8 exhibition tracks.
The museum is located ...
* DF4C-5331: is preserved at the
Shenyang Railway Museum
Shenyang (, ; ; Mandarin pronunciation: ), formerly known as Fengtian () or by its Manchu name Mukden, is a major Chinese sub-provincial city and the provincial capital of Liaoning province. Located in central-north Liaoning, it is the provi ...
[Translate from Chinese Wikipedia: :zh:东风4C型柴油机车]
References
*
*
*
External links
CR DF4B @ Trainspo
{{DEFAULTSORT:China Railways Df4
DF4
The DF4 (Chinese: 东风4) is a type of diesel-electric locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It has been in production since 1969 and is still produced as of 2007 by several local companies. It is the most common locomotive in Chin ...
Diesel-electric locomotives of North Korea
Co-Co locomotives
Co-Co+Co-Co locomotives
A1A-A1A locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1969
Standard gauge locomotives of China
Standard gauge locomotives of North Korea
CRRC Qingdao Sifang locomotives
CSR Ziyang Locomotive Co., Ltd. locomotives
Siemens locomotives