''Chilina'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of air-breathing

freshwater snail Freshwater snails are gastropod mollusks which live in fresh water. There are many different families. They are found throughout the world in various habitats, ranging from ephemeral pools to the largest lakes, and from small seeps and springs ...

s, aquatic

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s in the superfamily

Chilinoidea Chilinoidea is a family (biology), superfamily of air-breathing freshwater snails, pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Hygrophila (Gastropoda), Hygrophila. References

Panpulmonata {{Pulmonata-stub ...

. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae.

Distribution

Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold zones of South America from the

Tropic of Capricorn The Tropic of Capricorn (or the Southern Tropic) is the circle of latitude that contains the subsolar point at the December (or southern) solstice. It is thus the southernmost latitude where the Sun can be seen directly overhead. It also reac ...

Cape Horn Cape Horn ( es, Cabo de Hornos, ) is the southernmost headland of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago of southern Chile, and is located on the small Hornos Island. Although not the most southerly point of South America (which are the Diego Ramírez ...

and Falkland Islands.Brown D. S. & Pullan N. B. (1987). "Notes on the shell, radula and habitat of ''Chilina'' (Basommatophora) from the Falkland Islands". ''

Journal of Molluscan Studies The ''Journal of Molluscan Studies'' is the peer-reviewed scientific journal of the Malacological Society of London, covering research in malacology.

'' 53 (1): 105-108. Distribution of ''Chilina'' include

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

(17 species, 12 of them are endemic),Rumi A., Gregoric D. E. G., Núñez V. & Darrigran G. A. (2008). "Malacología Latinoamericana. Moluscos de agua dulce de Argentina". '' Revista de Biología Tropical'' 56 (1): 77-111
HTM

Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...

(2 species), Scarabino F. (2004). "Lista sistemática de los Gastropoda dulciacuícolas vivientes de Uruguay". ''

Comunicaciones de la Sociedad Malacológica del Uruguay Comunicaciones Fútbol Club S.A., better known as Comunicaciones F.C. or Comunicaciones, are a football club based in Guatemala City. They compete in the Liga Nacional, the top tier of Guatemalan football. The most popular and successful footba ...

'' 8 (84–85/86–87): 347-355
PDF

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

(about 4 species).

Taxonomy

The family Chilinidae has been classified in the

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

Hygrophila within the informal group

Basommatophora Basommatophora was a term that was previously used as a taxonomic informal group, a group of snails within the informal group Pulmonata, the air-breathing slugs and snails. According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), w ...

(according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). There are no subfamilies.

Species

Species within the genus ''Chilina'' include: * ''

Chilina acuminata ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' G. B. Sowerby II, 1874 * ''

Chilina amoena ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' E. A. Smith, 1882 * '' Chilina ampullacea'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1838 * ''

Chilina angusta ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' (Philippi, 1860) * ''

Chilina aurantia ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Marshall, 1924 * '' Chilina bullocki'' W. B. Marshall, 1933 * '' Chilina bulloides'' d'Orbigny, 1835 * '' Chilina campylaxis'' Pilsbry, 1911 * ''

Chilina cuyana ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Gutiérrez Gregoric, Ciocco & Rumi, 2014 * '' Chilina dombeiana'' (Bruguière, 1789) * '' Chilina elegans'' Frauenfeld, 1865 * ''

Chilina falklandica ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Cooper & Preston * '' Chilina fasciata'' (Gould, 1847) * ''

Chilina fluctuosa ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' (Gray, 1828):Brace R. C. (1983). "Observations on the Morphology and Behaviour of ''Chilina fluctuosa'' Gray (Chilinidae), with a Discussion on the Early Evolution of Pulmonate Gastropods". ''

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London ''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society'' is a scientific journal published by the Royal Society. In its earliest days, it was a private venture of the Royal Society's secretary. It was established in 1665, making it the first journa ...

''. Series B, Biological Sciences 300 (1101): 463-491. ''

nomen inquirendum In biological classification, a ''species inquirenda'' is a species of doubtful identity requiring further investigation. The use of the term in English-language biological literature dates back to at least the early nineteenth century. The term t ...

'' * ''

Chilina fluminea ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' (Maton, 1809) * '' Chilina fuegiensis'' E. A. Smith, 1905 * ''

Chilina fulgurata ''Chilina fulgurata'' is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Chilinidae ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the s ...

'' Pilsbry, 1911 * ''

Chilina fusca ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Mabille, 1884 * '' Chilina gallardoi'' Castellanos & Gaillard, 1981 * '' Chilina gibbosa'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1841 * ''

Chilina globosa ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Frauenfeld, 1881 * '' Chilina guaraniana'' Castellanos & Miquel, 1980 * '' Chilina iguazuensis'' Gregoric & Rumi, 2008Gregoric D. E. G. & Rumi A. (2008). "''Chilina iguazuensis'' (Gastropoda: Chilinidae), New Species From Iguazú National Park, Argentina". '' Malacologia'' 50 (1): 321-330. * '' Chilina lebruni'' Mabille, 1884 * ''

Chilina lilloi ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Ovando & Gutiérrez Gregoric, 2012 * '' Chilina limnaeiformis'' Dall, 1870 * '' Chilina llanquihuensis'' W. B. Marshall, 1933 * ''

Chilina major ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1838 (

taxon inquirendum In biological classification, a ''species inquirenda'' is a species of doubtful identity requiring further investigation. The use of the term in English-language biological literature dates back to at least the early nineteenth century. The term t ...

) * '' Chilina megastoma'' Hylton Scott, 1958 * '' Chilina mendozana'' Ströbel, 1874 * '' Chilina minuta'' Haas, 1951 * '' Chilina monticola'' Strebel, 1907 * ''

Chilina nervosa ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' (Mabille & Rochebrune, 1889) * ''

Chilina neuquenensis ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Marshall, 1933 * '' Chilina obovata'' (Gould, 1847) * ''

Chilina olivacea ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' W. B. Marshall, 1924 * ''

Chilina ovalis ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1838 * ''

Chilina parchappii ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic animal, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temp ...

'' (d'Orbigny, 1835) * '' Chilina parva'' Martens, 1868 * ''

Chilina patagonica ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Sowerby II, 1874 * '' Chilina perrieri'' Mabille, 1833 * ''

Chilina portillensis ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Hidalgo, 1880 * '' Chilina puelcha'' d'Orbigny, 1838 * ''

Chilina pulchella ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' d'Orbigny, 1835 * '' Chilina robustior'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1838 * '' Chilina rushii'' Pilsbry, 1911 * ''

Chilina sanjuanina ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Gutiérrez Gregoric, Ciocco & Rumi, 2014 * ''

Chilina smithi ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' Pilsbry, 1911 * '' Chilina strebeli'' Pilsbry, 1911 * '' Chilina subcylindrica'' G. B. Sowerby II, 1874 * '' Chilina tehuelcha'' d'Orbigny, 1837 * ''

Chilina tenuis ''Chilina'' is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Chilinoidea. ''Chilina'' is the only genus in the family Chilinidae. Distribution Chilinidae occupies the temperate and cold ...

'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1838 * '' Chilina tucumanensis'' Castellanos & Miquel, 1980

Ecology

Within their area, the Chilinidae are abundant snails in all suitable stations, as

Physidae Physidae, common name the bladder snails, is a monophyletic taxonomic family of small air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Lymnaeoidea .MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Physidae Fitzin ...

are in North America. They swarm in springs, small streams, lakes, and in some places the margins of rivers. They are most abundant southward, becoming rarer and local toward the northern borders of their range. '' Chilina gibbosa'' and ''

'' are medically important, because they transfer parasites causing

dermatitis Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash. In cases of short duration, there may be small blisters, while in long-term cases the skin may become thickened. The area of skin involved can v ...

References

This article incorporates

public domain The public domain (PD) consists of all the creative work A creative work is a manifestation of creative effort including fine artwork (sculpture, paintings, drawing, sketching, performance art), dance, writing (literature), filmmaking, ...

text from the reference Pilsbry H. A. (1911)
''Non-marine mollusca of Patagonia''
Princeton, The University
page 532

External links

Photos of shells of Chilinidae

Photos of live Chilinidae
{{Taxonbar , from=Q18580850 Chilinidae Taxa named by John Edward Gray