Chevalier De Méré

Antoine Gombaud, ''alias'' Chevalier de Méré, (1607 – 29 December 1684) was a French writer, born in Poitou.E. Feuillâtre (Editor), ''Les Épistoliers Du XVIIe Siècle. Avec des Notices biographiques, des Notices littéraires, des Notes explicatives, des Jugements, un Questionnaire sur les Lettres et des Sujets de devoirs''. Librairie Larousse, 1952. Although he was not a nobleman, he adopted the title ''chevalier'' (knight) for the character in his dialogues who represented his own views (chevalier de Méré because he was educated at Méré). Later his friends began calling him by that name. Aaron Brown, ''The Poker Face of Wall Street,'' John Wiley & Sons, 2006.

Life

Gombaud was an important Salon theorist. Like many 17th century liberal thinkers, he distrusted both hereditary power and democracy, a stance at odds with his self-bestowed noble title. He believed that questions are best resolved in open discussions among witty, fashionable, intelligent people.

Gombaud's most famous essays are ''L'honnête homme'' (''The Honest Man'') and ''Discours de la vraie honnêteté'' (''Discourse on True Honesty''), but he is far better known for his contribution to probability theory. He was an amateur mathematician who became interested in a problem that dates to medieval times, if not earlier, the problem of the points. Suppose two players agree to play a certain number of games, say a best-of-seven series, and are interrupted before they can finish. How should the stake be divided among them if, say, one has won three games and the other has won one?Tom M. Apostol, ''Calculus, Volume II,'' John Wiley & Sons, 1969.

In keeping with his Salon methods, Gombaud enlisted the Mersenne salon to solve it. Two famous mathematicians, Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fermat, took up the challenge. In a series of letters they laid the foundation for the modern theory of probability.Keith Devlin, ''The Unfinished Game: Pascal, Fermat, and the Seventeenth-Century Letter That Made the World Modern,'' Basic Books, 2008; James Franklin, ''The Science of Conjecture: Evidence and Probability Before Pascal'', Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001, 302-5.

Gombaud claimed that he had discovered probability theory himself, a claim not taken seriously by the mathematicians involved. He also claimed that his probability calculations showed that mathematics was inconsistent, and argued elsewhere that mathematicians were wrong in thinking that lines are infinitely divisible.Franklin, ''Science of Conjecture'', 303, 305.

Works

The spelling used here is that of the 1930 edition of the complete works (''Œuvres complètes'') by Éditions Fernand Roche.

Philosophical works

* ''Les Conversations'' ;
* ''Discours de la Justesse'' ;
* ''Des Agrémens'' ;
* ''De l'Esprit'' ;
* ''De la Conversation'' ;

''Le jeu de l'hombre''
Paris, Barbin, 1674 (anonymous) ; 2nd edn., revised, 1677.
* Posthumous works:
** ''De la vraïe honneteté'',
** ''Suite de la vraïe honneteté'',
** ''De l'Eloquence et de l'Entretien'',
** ''De la Delicatesse dans les choses et l'Expression'',
** ''Le Commerce du monde'',
** ''Suite du Commerce du monde''.

Novels

* ''Les Avantures de Renaud et d'Armide''

Poetry

* ''A une dame trop curieuse de sa parure'' ;
* ''Madrigal''.

See also

* ''Guirlande de Julie''

References

External links

*

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gombaud, Antoine
French essayists
17th-century French mathematicians
Probability theorists
1607 births
1684 deaths
17th-century French writers
17th-century French male writers
French male essayists