The chestnut-shouldered antwren (''Euchrepomis humeralis'') is a species of
bird in subfamily Euchrepomidinae of family
Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in
Bolivia
, image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg
, flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center
, flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...
,
Brazil,
Ecuador, and
Peru.
Taxonomy and systematics
The chestnut-shouldered antwren was
described by the English ornithologists
Philip Sclater and
Osbert Salvin in 1880 and given the
binomial name
In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...
''Terenura humeralis''. There it remained until the current genus ''
Euchrepomis
''Euchrepomis'' is a genus of insectivorous passerine birds in the antbird family, Thamnophilidae.
In 2012 Gustavo Bravo and colleagues introduced the genus ''Euchrepomis'' for four species that were previously placed in the genus ''Terenura
...
'' was created in 2012 following
phylogenetic analysis.
The chestnut-shouldered antwren is
monotypic.
[
]
Description
The chestnut-shouldered antwren is long and weighs about . The sexes have different plumage. Adult males have a whitish supercilium
The supercilium is a plumage feature found on the heads of some bird species. It is a stripe which runs from the base of the bird's beak above its eye, finishing somewhere towards the rear of the bird's head.Dunn and Alderfer (2006), p. 10 Also ...
and a thin dark line through the eye on an otherwise pale gray face. Their crown and nape are black, their back greenish olive, their rump rufous-chestnut, and their uppertail coverts
A covert feather or tectrix on a bird is one of a set of feathers, called coverts (or ''tectrices''), which, as the name implies, cover other feathers. The coverts help to smooth airflow over the wings and tail. Ear coverts
The ear coverts are sm ...
and tail grayish olive. Their wing coverts are blackish gray with whitish tips that form two bars on the closed wing, their flight feathers olive-tinged blackish gray with pale olive-yellow edges, and the bend of the wing rufous-chestnut. Their throat and breast are pale gray and their belly and undertail coverts are pale yellow. Adult females have a olive-brown crown, nape and eyeline, a pale gray supercilium, and dark olive-brown wings with at most a trace of chestnut at the bend.[Zimmer, K. and M.L. Isler (2020). Chestnut-shouldered Antwren (''Euchrepomis humeralis''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.chsant1.01 retrieved December 26, 2023]
Distribution and habitat
The chestnut-shouldered antwren is found from eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru south of the Rio Napo
The Napo River ( es, Río Napo) is a tributary to the Amazon River that rises in Ecuador on the flanks of the east Andean volcanoes of Antisana, Sincholagua and Cotopaxi.
The total length is . The river drains an area of . The mean annual dis ...
south into northwestern Bolivia and east in Brazil through northern Rondônia
Rondônia () is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the northern subdivision of the country (central-western part). To the west is a short border with the state of Acre, to the north is the state of Amazonas, in the east is Mato Grosso, ...
and into Amazonas state as far as the Rio Madeira. It inhabits the subcanopy and canopy of ''terra firme
Terra may often refer to:
* Terra (mythology), primeval Roman goddess
* An alternate name for planet Earth, as well as the Latin name for the planet
Terra may also refer to: Geography Astronomy
* Terra (satellite), a multi-national NASA scienti ...
'' and drier floodplain tropical evergreen forest.
Behavior
Movement
The chestnut-shouldered antwren is believed to be a year-round resident throughout its range.[
]
Feeding
The chestnut-shouldered antwren feeds on arthropods, though details of its diet are lacking. It typically forages in pairs or small family groups that usually join mixed-species feeding flocks. It forages almost entirely in the forest canopy, acrobatically gleaning prey from leaves and the ends of branches.[
]
Breeding
Nothing is known about the chestnut-shouldered antwren's breeding biology.[
]
Vocalization
The chestnut-shouldered antwren's song is "very high, thin, slightly descending, gradually accelerating to a 'fuh-fuh-weet-weet-d-rrr' rattle".[
]
Status
The IUCN
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...
has assessed the chestnut-shouldered antwren as being of Least Concern. It has a very large range but its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified.[ It is considered fairly common in most of its range and occurs in several protected areas.][
]
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q27075125
chestnut-shouldered antwren
Birds of the Amazon rainforest
Birds of the Ecuadorian Amazon
Birds of Peruvian Amazonia
chestnut-shouldered antwren
chestnut-shouldered antwren
chestnut-shouldered antwren
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot