![Ihumien](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Ihumien._%D0%86%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%2822.07.2007%29.jpg)
Červień or Chervyen ( be, Чэрвень, ; Ігумен – ''Ihumen'' till 1923; russian: Червень ''Cherven''; pl, Czerwień; yi, Humen/Igumen, lt, Červenė), also spelled Cherven, is a
Belarus
Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by R ...
ian town in
Minsk Region
Minsk Region or Minsk Oblast or Minsk Voblasts ( be, Мі́нская во́бласць, ''Minskaja voblasć'' ; russian: Минская о́бласть, ''Minskaya oblast'') is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Minsk, ...
. It is the administrative seat of the
Chervyen District
Chervyen District is a second-level administrative subdivision (raion) of Minsk Region, Belarus. The capital of the town is Chervyen.
Notable residents
* Ibrahim Kanapacki (1949, Smilavičy town– 2005), Belarusian Lipka Tatar
The Lipka ...
and, in 2016, had a population of 9,718.
[
]
History
On February 1, 1942 the German forces and local policemen surrounded the Cherven ghetto. At the same time, other Jews living outside the ghetto walls, such as in the local hospital, were gathered together. They were ordered to undress to their undergarments and lie on the ground, where they were shot dead. Witnesses put the number of victims at between 1,500-1,750 people. The murder operation was carried out by the Einsatzkommando 8 unit of Einsatzgruppe B, with the help of local policeman.
On 25–27 June 1941, the Soviet NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union.
...
carried out a mass execution of political prisoners from Minsk
Minsk ( be, Мінск ; russian: Минск) is the capital and the largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach and the now subterranean Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the admi ...
in the nearby Tsagelnya forest. Wooden statue ''Mourning Angel'', by sculptor Gennady Matusevich, was erected at the location. Commemorative events are held there every year in June.
Geography
Located 66 km east of Minsk
Minsk ( be, Мінск ; russian: Минск) is the capital and the largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach and the now subterranean Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the admi ...
and 45 km west of Berezino
Byerazino ( be, Беразіно́, Bierazino), or Berezino (russian: Березино́, pl, Berezyna, lt, Berezinas), also known as Biarezan (Бярэзань, yi, בערעזין, Berezin), is a town on the Berezina River in Minsk Region o ...
, Chervyen lies on a plain in the middle of its raion. It is crossed to the north by the M4 highway Minsk-Mogilev
Mogilev (russian: Могилёв, Mogilyov, ; yi, מאָלעוו, Molev, ) or Mahilyow ( be, Магілёў, Mahilioŭ, ) is a city in eastern Belarus, on the Dnieper River, about from the border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and from the bor ...
. The national road P59 links it with the town of Smalyavichy
Smalyavichy; russian: Смолевичи, Smoleviči; yi, סמאָלאָוויטש / Смоловіч, Smolovich; pl, italic=no, Smolewicze / Смолэвичэ; lt, italic=no, Smaliavičai / Смалявичай is a city in Minsk Region, Be ...
(50 km north) and the Minsk National Airport
Minsk National Airport, formerly known as Minsk-2 (, ; russian: Национальный аэропорт Минск), is the main international airport in Belarus, located 42 km (26 mi) to the east of the capital Minsk, geographica ...
(65 km north).
Notable people
* Vladimir Isaacovich Fundator (1903-86), metallurgist who invented the technology which made possible the aluminum diesel engine for the T-34 tank, thus facilitating the rapid advance of the Red Army in World War 2; recipient USSR Council of Ministers Prize.
* Leivik Halpern (1888-1962), Yiddish poet and literary editor who under the pen name H Leivik wrote The Golem, among other works.
* David Nisnevich (1893-1963), composer of Russian and Yiddish folk songs.
* Lieutenant Semion Gurevich (1915-1984), distinguished himself by leading a Red Army attack across the Dnieper River in September 1943, for which he received the title Hero of the Soviet Union.
* Professor David Movshevitch Golub (1901-2001), distinguished anatomist and embryologist; Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; recipient Red Banner of Labour.
* Professor Feival Movshevitch Golub, brother of David, headed the Department of Surgical Diseases, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan; recipient Honorary Scientist of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic.
* Vladimir Adomovich Korol (1912-1980), architect involved in the plans to rebuild Minsk after the destruction of World War 2; received Order of Lenin.
*Oleg Novitskiy
Oleg Viktorovich Novitskiy (russian: Олег Викторович Новицкий; born October 12, 1971) is a former Lieutenant Colonel in the Russian Air Force who logged over 700 hours of flight time and was awarded for bravery. He is cur ...
(b. 1971), Russian cosmonaut.
*Valery Shary
Valery Shary ( be, Валерый Пятровіч Шарый, born 2 January 1947) is a former Belarusian weightlifter and Olympic champion who competed for the Soviet Union.
Biography
He was born in Chervyen.
Shary won a gold medal at th ...
(b. 1947), Olympic light-heavyweight weightlifting champion.
Gallery
References
Further reading
*Lipińska G., ''Jeśli zapomnę o nich...'', 1990
*Stankiewicz-Januszczak, J., ''Marsz śmierci – ewakuacja więźniów z Mińska do Czerwieni 24–27 czerwca 1941 r.'', Volumen (1999) (Polish)
*Stankiewicz-Januszczak J., ''Dziś mówię ludziom, co mówiłam Bogu...'', (Polish)
*Petruitis J., ''Kaip jie mus sušaudė'', Kaunas, 1942, 1990 (Lith.)
*Tumas J. ''Kelias į Červenę'', Vilnius, 1990 (Lith.)
External links
Chervyen official website
History of the town
Photos on Radzima.org
Local prison and statues
The murder of the Jews of Chervyen’
during World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, at the Yad Vashem
Yad Vashem ( he, יָד וַשֵׁם; literally, "a memorial and a name") is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; honoring Jews who fought against th ...
website
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chervyen
Towns in Belarus
Populated places in Minsk Region
Chervyen District
Minsk Voivodeship
Igumensky Uyezd
Holocaust locations in Belarus