Chengyang Kingdom ( zh, 城陽國) was a
kingdom
Kingdom commonly refers to:
* A monarchy ruled by a king or queen
* Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy
Kingdom may also refer to:
Arts and media Television
* ''Kingdom'' (British TV series), a 2007 British television drama s ...
of China's
Han
Han may refer to:
Ethnic groups
* Han Chinese, or Han People (): the name for the largest ethnic group in China, which also constitutes the world's largest ethnic group.
** Han Taiwanese (): the name for the ethnic group of the Taiwanese p ...
and
Jin dynasties, located in present-day southeastern
Shandong
Shandong ( , ; ; alternately romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China and is part of the East China region.
Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history since the beginning of Chinese civilizati ...
.
Chengyang was originally a
commandery
In the Middle Ages, a commandery (rarely commandry) was the smallest administrative division of the European landed properties of a military order. It was also the name of the house where the knights of the commandery lived.Anthony Luttrell and G ...
in the
Qi Kingdom of early Han dynasty. The territory was granted to
Princess Yuan of Lu
Princess Yuan of Lu, also called Princess Luyuan (3rd-century BC – 187 BC), was a princess of the Han Dynasty. She was the eldest daughter of the dynasty's founder Emperor Gaozu and Empress Lü Zhi. She had one daughter who was married to her ...
as her fief in 193 BC, but was returned to Qi in 179 BC. In 178 BC,
Liu Zhang, a son of
King Daohui of Qi
Liu Fei (), formally King Daohui of Qi (; died 189 BC) was the eldest son of Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han, and Consort Cao—initially his mistress. After Liu Bang decisively defeated Xiang Yu in the Battle of Gaixia in 202 BC, he proclaimed ...
, became the first King of Chengyang. The capital was
Ju. Throughout the Western Han dynasty, a total of 53 marquessates was created on the territories of Chengyang and added to the neighboring commanderies. In late Western Han, the kingdom covered only 4 counties: Ju, Yangdu (陽都), Dong'an (東安) and Lü (虑). The population in 2 AD was 205,784 individuals, or 56,642 households. Zhang's descendants held the kingdom until
Wang Mang
Wang Mang () (c. 45 – 6 October 23 CE), courtesy name Jujun (), was the founder and the only Emperor of China, emperor of the short-lived Chinese Xin dynasty. He was originally an official and consort kin of the Han dynasty and later ...
's usurpation. After the restoration of Eastern Han, the kingdom was granted to Liu Zhi (劉祉), a relative of the
Emperor Guangwu
Emperor Guangwu of Han (; 15 January 5 BC – 29 March AD 57), born Liu Xiu (), courtesy name Wenshu (), was a Chinese monarch. He served as an emperor of the Han dynasty by restoring the dynasty in AD 25, thus founding the Eastern Han (Later ...
. Zhi died in 35 AD, and Chengyang was converted to a commandery. In 37, the commandery was merged into
Langya.
['']Book of Later Han
The ''Book of the Later Han'', also known as the ''History of the Later Han'' and by its Chinese name ''Hou Hanshu'' (), is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Later ...
'', Chapter 1.
In 198, Chengyang Commandery was recreated during
Cao Cao
Cao Cao () (; 155 – 15 March 220), courtesy name Mengde (), was a Chinese statesman, warlord and poet. He was the penultimate Grand chancellor (China), grand chancellor of the Eastern Han dynasty, and he amassed immense power in the End of ...
's rule in 198 AD. After the foundation of Jin dynasty, Chengyang was again converted to a kingdom/principality and was successively granted to Sima Zhao (司馬兆), a brother of
Emperor Wu of Jin
Emperor Wu of Jin (; 236 – 16 May 290), personal name Sima Yan (), courtesy name Anshi (安世), was the grandson of Sima Yi, nephew of Sima Shi and son of Sima Zhao. He became the first emperor of the Jin dynasty after forcing Cao Huan, ...
, and later Sima Jing (司馬景) and Sima Xian (司馬憲), two sons of Emperor Wu.
Kings
*
Liu Zhang (劉章), King Jing (景) of Chengyang, 178–176 BC;
*Liu Xi (劉喜), King Gong (共) of Chengyang, 176–168 BC, 165–143 BC;
*Liu Yan (劉延), King Qing (頃) of Chengyang, 143–117 BC;
*Liu Yi (劉義), King Jing (敬) of Chengyang, 117–108 BC;
*Liu Wu (劉武), King Hui (惠) of Chengyang, 108–97 BC;
*Liu Shun (劉順), King Huang (荒) of Chengyang, 97–51 BC
*Liu Hui (劉恢), King Dai (戴) of Chengyang, 51–43 BC;
*Liu Jing (劉景), King Xiao (孝) of Chengyang, 43–19 BC;
*Liu Yun (劉雲), King Ai (哀) of Chengyang, 19–18 BC;
*Liu Li (劉俚), 16 BC – 9 AD;
['']Book of Han
The ''Book of Han'' or ''History of the Former Han'' (Qián Hàn Shū,《前汉书》) is a history of China finished in 111AD, covering the Western, or Former Han dynasty from the first emperor in 206 BCE to the fall of Wang Mang in 23 CE. I ...
'', Chapter 14.
*Liu Zhi (劉祉), 26–35 AD.
References
{{reflist
Kingdoms of the Han dynasty