Vietnamese
Vietnamese may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia
** A citizen of Vietnam. See Demographics of Vietnam.
* Vietnamese people, or Kinh people, a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to Vietnam
** Overse ...
pirate
Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and other valuable goods. Those who conduct acts of piracy are called pirates, v ...
operating from
Guangdong
Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...
and throughout the
South China Sea
The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
in the late 1700s. Later he became a general and naval commander of
Tay Son dynasty
Tay may refer to:
People and languages
* Tay (name), including lists of people with the given name, surname and nickname
* Tay people, an ethnic group of Vietnam
** Tày language
*Atayal language, an Austronesian language spoken in Taiwan (ISO 639 ...
in Vietnam.
Chen was born to a fisherman's family in Lianzhou, Guangdong (modern
Hepu County
Hepu (), alternately romanized as Hoppo, Hopu or Hop'u, is a county under the administration of Beihai City in southeastern Guangxi, China. It borders Lianjiang (Guangdong) to the southeast, Bobai County to the northeast, the Gulf of Tonkin to t ...
,
Guangxi
Guangxi (; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanized as Kwanghsi; ; za, Gvangjsih, italics=yes), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the People's Republic ...
). In October 1780, his fishing vessel was shipwrecked near the northern Vietnam, and he had to stay there.
The Tay Son brothers conquered northern Vietnam, he was forced to join the Tay Son army in 1783. He was very skillful at sailing and later appointed as general. He was the commander of Tay Son navy, helped Tay Son against the threats from the sea. From 1788 to 1799, he ordered his four subordinates,
Mo Guanfu
Mo Guanfu ( or; Vietnamese: ''Mạc Quan Phù'', ?–1801) was a powerful Chinese pirate throughout the South China Sea in the late 1700s.
Mo was born to a woodsman's family in Suixi County, Guangdong. He was kidnapped by the pirates in 1787. ...
,
Zheng Qi
Zheng Qi (; died 899), courtesy name Yunwu (蘊武), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving briefly as chancellor in 894 during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. He was known for writing poems filled with puns ('' xiehouyu'') that s ...
,
Liang Wengeng
Liang may refer to:
Chinese history
* Liang (state) (梁) (8th century BC – 641 BC), a Spring and Autumn period state
* Wei (state) (403–225 BC), a Warring States period state, also known as Liang (梁) after moving its capital to Daliang
* ...
(梁文庚) and
Fan Wencai
Fan commonly refers to:
* Fan (machine), a machine for producing airflow, often used for cooling
** Hand fan, an implement held and waved by hand to move air for cooling
* Fan (person), short for fanatic; an enthusiast or supporter, especially wit ...
(樊文才), all Chinese pirates, to launch frequent attacks on the southern coast of
Qing China
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu people, Manchu-led Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin (1616–1636), La ...
.
Chen also played an important role during the civil war between Tay Son and
Nguyen lords
Nguyễn () is the most common Vietnamese surname. Outside of Vietnam, the surname is commonly rendered without diacritics as Nguyen. Nguyên (元）is a different word and surname.
By some estimates 39 percent of Vietnamese people bear this su ...
. After Tay Son army was utterly beaten by Nguyen lords in 1801, he fled to Guangdong and surrendered to Qing China.
Jiaqing Emperor
The Jiaqing Emperor (13 November 1760 – 2 September 1820), also known by his temple name Emperor Renzong of Qing, born Yongyan, was the sixth emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and the fifth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, fro ...
pardoned
A pardon is a government decision to allow a person to be relieved of some or all of the legal consequences resulting from a criminal conviction. A pardon may be granted before or after conviction for the crime, depending on the laws of the ju ...
him because he was forced into piracy due Tay Son's forced conscription and allow him to reside in
Nanxiong
Nanxiong (), historically Namyung, Namhung, and Nanhsiung, is a county-level city of northern Guangdong province, People's Republic of China, bordering Jiangxi to the north, east and southeast. It is under the administration of Guangdong
Gua ...
which further away from the coastal areas.
See also
*
Pirates of the South China Coast
Pirates of the South China Coast () were Chinese pirates who were active throughout the South China Sea from the late 18th century to the 19th century, mainly from 1790 to 1810. Aftee 1805, the pirates of the South China Coast entered their most ...
*
Tây Sơn military tactics and organization
The Tây Sơn rebel army incorporated during the three decades of its existence (from 1771 to 1802) new and unconventional ideas of tactics and organization. Logistic and tactical aspects like intelligence analysis, troop co-operation, transport a ...