A chaupai (चौपाई) is a
quatrain
A quatrain is a type of stanza, or a complete poem, consisting of four lines.
Existing in a variety of forms, the quatrain appears in poems from the poetic traditions of various ancient civilizations including Persia, Ancient India, Ancient Greec ...
verse of Indian poetry, especially medieval
Hindi poetry, that uses a
metre of four syllables.
Famous chaupais include those of poet-saint
Tulsidas (used in his classical text ''
Ramcharitamanas'' and poem ''
Hanuman Chalisa'') .
Chaupai is identified by a syllable count 16/16, counted with a value of 1 in case of Hrasva (short sounding letter) and 2 in case of Dirgha (long sounding letter).
Examples
Some of the famous 40 ''chaupais'' (known as "chalisa");
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Hanuman Chalisa
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Ganesh Chalisa
Ganesh Chalisa ( hi, गणेश चालीसा, "'' Forty chaupais on Ganesh''") is a Hindu devotional hymn (stotra) addressed to Lord Ganesh. Literally it is forty Chaupais on Lord Ganesh. It is written in the Awadhi language. The Gane ...
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Shiv Chalisa
''Shiv Chalisa'' (Hindi: शिव चालीसा, literally Forty on Shiva) is a devotional ''stotra'' dedicated to Hindu deity Lord Shiva. Adapted from the ''Shiva Purana'', it consists of 40 (chalis) (verses) and recited daily or on ...
See also
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Chhand (poetry)
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Chaupai (Sikhism)
Indian poetics
Stanzaic form
Poetic rhythm
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