Charran

The ruins of the city of Harran, called Haran ( he, חָרָן, ''Ḥārān'') in the Hebrew Bible, might lie within present-day Turkey. Haran first appears in the Book of Genesis as the home of Terah and his descendants, and as Abraham's temporary home. Later biblical passages list Haran among some cities and lands subjugated by Assyrian rulers and among Tyre's trading partners.

Name

Although the placename can be found in English as ''Haran'', ''Charan'', and ''Charran'', it should not be confused with the personal name ''Haran'', borne by Abram's brother, among others. The biblical placename is (with a ''ḥet'') in Hebrew, pronounced and can mean "parched," but is more likely to mean "road" or "crossroad," cognate to Old Babylonian ḫaranu (MSL 09, 124-137 r ii 54'). The personal name ''Haran'' is spelled (with a ''hei'') in Hebrew and means "mountaineer".

Identification

Haran is usually identified with Harran, now a village of Şanlıurfa, Turkey. Since the 1950s, archeological excavations of Harran have been conducted, which have yielded insufficient discoveries about the site's pre-medieval history or of its supposed patriarchal age. The earliest records of Harran come from the Ebla tablets, c. 2300 BC. Harran's name is said to be from Akkadian ''ḫarrānum'' (fem.), "road"; ''ḫarrānātum'' (pl.).

Biblical mentions

According to the Hebrew Bible, Haran was the place where Terah settled with his son Abraham (at that time called Abram), his grandson Lot, and Abram's wife Sarah (at that time known as Sarai) during their planned journey from Ur Kaśdim ( Ur of the Chaldees) to the Land of Canaan. The region of Haran is referred to variously as Paddan Aram and Aram-Naharaim. Abram lived there until he was 75 years old before continuing on to Canaan, in response to the command of God. Although Abram's nephew Lot accompanied him to Canaan, Terah and his other descendants remained in Paddan-Aram,. In Genesis 28:10–19, Abraham's grandson Jacob left Beersheba and went toward Haran. Along the way he had his dream of Jacob's Ladder.

In 2 Kings (19:12) and Isaiah (37:12) Haran reappears in the late 8th to early 7th century BC context of the Neo-Assyrian Empire's conquests. It appears again in the Book of Ezekiel (27:23) as a former trading partner of the Phoenician city Tyre. In the New Testament, Haran is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles (7:2–4), in a recounting of the story in Genesis wherein it first appears.

See also

* Sabians

References

External links

* {{Cite NIE, wstitle=Haran, short=x

Hebrew Bible words and phrases
Book of Genesis
Torah cities
Harran