The Project 670 ''Skat'' submarine (
NATO classification Charlie class) was a
nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine built for the
Soviet Navy and later operated by the
Russian Navy. All Charlie I/II-class submarines are
decommissioned. One Charlie-class submarine was used for testing an Oniks missile.
Проект 670
/ref> Charlie I and its successor Charlie II-class submarines are designed by the Lazurit Central Design Bureau of Gorky.
Background
The Charlie I-class submarine (Project 670 ''Skat'') SSGN was first launched at the Krasnoye Sormovo inland shipyard at Gorkiy in 1967 with another ten following over a period of five years. The Charlie Is had two banks of four missile tubes angled upwards on each side of the bow outside the pressure hull. The tubes were covered by large outer doors and the design was to incorporate the P-120 Malakhit (SS-N-9 Siren) medium-range anti-ship missile. Due to delays in the missile development, the missile was substituted with the shorter range P-70 Ametist (SS-N-7 Starbright) submerged launch missile which itself was a development of the P-15 Termit (SS-N-2 Styx) surface-launched missile. The missiles were designed for pop up surprise attacks on high value surface targets such as aircraft carrier
An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft. Typically, it is the capital ship of a fleet, as it allows a ...
s.
In 1972 to 1979, six improved units called the Project 670M ''Skat-M'' (Charlie II class) were built. The improved Charlie IIs were built at Gorkiy with an insert in the hull forward of the fin. The insert incorporated electronics and launch systems for targeting and firing of the longer range P-120 Malakhit anti-ship missile.
The Charlie Is and IIs returned to port for reload once they had expended their missile payloads. However, the Charlie classs secondary armament of torpedoes and sonar systems provided useful anti-ship and anti-submarine warfare capabilities in addition to their missile launch capabilities.
The last Charlie was retired in 1994. While still operational, one unit of the class was leased to the Indian Navy between 1988 and 1991, mainly for India to gain experience in the operations of a nuclear submarine.
Boats
* 11 Project 670 (Charlie I) submarines were built between 1968 and 1973. ''K-43'' was leased to the Indian Navy as ''Chakra'' from 1988 to 1992. sank near Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in 1983 with 16 fatalities, but was raised and used as a harbour training hulk. On 13 September 1985, sank at her moorings. She was again raised and decommissioned.
* 6 Project 670M (Charlie II) submarines were built between 1973 and 1980.
All boats were scrapped between 1990 and 1994.
References
Further reading
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External links
Article in Russian from Encyclopedia of Ships
Article in Russian
{{Ship classes of the Indian Navy
Submarine classes
Russian and Soviet navy submarine classes
Nuclear submarines of the Soviet Navy