Charles Samuel Deneen (May 4, 1863 – February 5, 1940) was an American lawyer and
Republican politician who served as the
23rd Governor of Illinois, from 1905 to 1913. He was the first Illinois governor to serve two consecutive terms totalling eight years. He was governor during the infamous
Springfield race riot of 1908, which he helped put down. He later served as a
U.S. Senator
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.
The composition and powe ...
from Illinois, from 1925 to 1931. Deneen had previously served as a member of the
Illinois House of Representatives
The Illinois House of Representatives is the lower house of the Illinois General Assembly. The body was created by the first Illinois Constitution adopted in 1818. The House under the current constitution as amended in 1980 consists of 118 re ...
from 1892 to 1894. As an attorney, he had been the lead prosecutor in Chicago's infamous
Adolph Luetgert
Adolph Louis Luetgert (December 27, 1845 – July 7, 1899) was a German-American businessman in Chicago, Illinois, convicted of murdering his second wife Louisa Bicknese in 1897 and dissolving her body in a sausage vat filled with lye at his A.L. ...
murder trial.
Life and career
Deneen was born in
Edwardsville, Illinois, to Samuel H. Deneen and Mary Frances Ashley.
He was raised in
Lebanon, Illinois
Lebanon is a city in St. Clair County, Illinois, United States. The population was 4,418 at the 2010 census and had decreased to an estimated 4,256 as of 2018. Like many other places in " Little Egypt" or Southern Illinois, Lebanon was named afte ...
, and graduated from
McKendree College in Lebanon in 1882. He subsequently studied law at McKendree and at
Union College of Law, while supporting himself by teaching school. He was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1886.
On May 10, 1891, he married fellow Methodist
Bina Day Maloney in
Princeton, Illinois.
The couple had four children; Charles Ashley, Dorothy, Frances, and Bina.
His political career began soon thereafter, with election to the
Illinois House of Representatives
The Illinois House of Representatives is the lower house of the Illinois General Assembly. The body was created by the first Illinois Constitution adopted in 1818. The House under the current constitution as amended in 1980 consists of 118 re ...
in 1892.
Deneen was
Cook County State's Attorney from 1896 to 1904. In 1896, Deneen appointed
Ferdinand Lee Barnett as the first black assistant state's attorney in Illinois upon the recommendation of the Cook County Commissioner
Edward H. Wright. Deneen and Barnett worked together closely for the next two decades.
Deneen became Governor of Illinois in 1905 and supported passage of the Illinois anti-
lynching
Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged transgressor, punish a convicted transgressor, or intimidate people. It can also be an ex ...
law that year. The state had not had many instances of lynchings, but in 1909
William "Froggie" James was murdered in a spectacle lynching attended by a mob of 10,000 in
Cairo, Illinois
Cairo ( ) is the southernmost city in Illinois and the county seat of Alexander County.
The city is located at the confluence of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. Fort Defiance, a Civil War camp, was built here in 1862 by Union General Ulysses ...
. The crowd also lynched Henry Salzner, a white man, who had allegedly killed his wife. The governor sent in National Guard troops to suppress violence. Under the 1905 state law, Deneen dismissed Sheriff Frank E. Davis for failing to protect James and Salzner and resisted local efforts to have the officer reinstated.
In
1924
Events
January
* January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after.
* January 20– 30 – Kuomintang in China hol ...
, Deneen defeated first-term Senator
Medill McCormick
Joseph Medill McCormick (May 16, 1877 – February 25, 1925) was part of the McCormick family of businessmen and politicians in Chicago. After working for some time and becoming part owner of the ''Chicago Tribune,'' which his maternal grandfath ...
in the Republican
primary
Primary or primaries may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels
* Primary (band), from Australia
* Primary (musician), hip hop musician and record producer from South Korea
* Primary Music, Israeli record label
Works
* ...
for the
United States Senate. Illinois at that time customarily had a downstate seat and a Chicago-area seat, which McCormick held. McCormick committed suicide in early 1925, for which his widow
Ruth Hanna McCormick (a future U.S. Representative) blamed Deneen. She defeated him in the
1930
Events
January
* January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will be ...
Republican primary, but lost the November election to James Hamilton Lewis. In 1928 Deneen's home was bombed during an outbreak of violence among rival political factions in Chicago in advance of the
Pineapple Primary election.
Deneen died in Chicago on February 5, 1940, and was interred there in the
Oak Woods Cemetery.
The public Deneen School of Excellence was named in his honor. It is located in south Chicago next to the
Dan Ryan Expressway, not far from
Al Capone
Alphonse Gabriel Capone (; January 17, 1899 – January 25, 1947), sometimes known by the nickname "Scarface", was an American gangster and businessman who attained notoriety during the Prohibition era as the co-founder and boss of the ...
's former home on South Prairie.
Deneen's great-grandson is actor
Jason Beghe.
References
Further reading
* Fullinwider, James William. "The Governor and the Senator: Executive Power and the Structure of the Illinois Republican Party, 1880-1917." (Washington University in St. Louis ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1974. 7514897).
* Pegram, Thomas R. ''Partisans and Progressives: Private Interest and Public Policy in Illinois, 1870-1922'' (University of Illinois Press, 1992), extensive coverage of Deneen.
* Tingley, Donald F. '' The Structuring of a State: The History of Illinois, 1899 to 1928'' (1980)
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Deneen, Charles S.
1863 births
1940 deaths
American prosecutors
People from Edwardsville, Illinois
Republican Party governors of Illinois
Republican Party United States senators from Illinois
Republican Party members of the Illinois House of Representatives
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law alumni
McKendree University alumni
Illinois lawyers
People from Lebanon, Illinois