Charles Macfie Campbell (1876–1943) was a
psychiatrist
A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in psychiatry, the branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, study, and treatment of mental disorders. Psychiatrists are physicians and evaluate patients to determine whether their sy ...
in the
United States. He was
President of the American Psychiatric Association.
Early life
Campbell was born in
Scotland in 1876. He received his medical degree from
Edinburgh in 1902, earning both an M.B. and a Ch.B., after which he sought postgraduate training in
France and then
Germany, where he trained in
Heidelberg under German psychiatrist
Emil Kraepelin (1856–1926).
Career
He returned to Scotland in 1903 and served under the psychiatrist
Alexander Bruce at the
Royal Edinburgh Infirmary. In 1904 he was invited by
Adolf Meyer (1866–1950)to join the staff of the
Pathological Institute of the
New York State Hospitals
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, which was based at the
Manhattan State Hospital on
Wards Island
Randalls Island (sometimes called Randall's Island) and Wards Island are conjoined islands, collectively called Randalls and Wards Islands, in New York County, New York City, in
New York City.
Macfie Campbell spent 1907 back in Scotland as an assistant physician at the
Royal Edinburgh Asylum
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* Royal (name), a list of people with either the surname or given name
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but returned to New York to work again under Meyer at the (renamed)
New York Psychiatric Institute
The New York State Psychiatric Institute, located at the Columbia University Irving Medical Center in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, was established in 1895 as one of the first institutions in the United States t ...
in 1908. During the next few years Macfie Campbell would not only adopt Meyer's "dynamic"
psychogenic perspective on
mental disorders but would also be instrumental in introducing
Freudian psychoanalytic ideas into American psychiatry with like-minded colleagues at the Manhattan State Hospital.
When Meyer left the Institute in 1910 for a professorship at
Johns Hopkins University and to plan for the new
Henry C. Phipps Psychiatric Clinic (opened in April 1913), Macfie Campbell also left to work at the
Bloomingdale Hospital Bloomingdale (literally ''blooming valley'' or ''valley of flowers'') may refer to:
People
* Bloomingdale (surname)
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;Canada
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* Bloomingdale, former name of Oregon City, California
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in
White Plains, New York. In 1911 he earned his Doctor of Medicine degree from Edinburgh after completing a dissertation on general paralysis of the insane (later known as
neurosyphilis).
In 1913 he rejoined Adolf Meyer in Baltimore to serve as associate director of the newly opened Phipps clinic. He was also appointed a faculty position as assistant professor of psychiatry at
Johns Hopkins Medical School
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) is the medical school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1893, the School of Medicine shares a campus with the Johns Hopkins Hospi ...
. In 1920 he moved to Massachusetts to become the new director of the
Boston Psychopathic Hospital
The Boston Psychopathic Hospital, established at 74 Fenwood Road in 1912, was one of the first mental health hospitals in Massachusetts, United States. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. The name was cha ...
and to assume the position of chair of the department of psychiatry at
Harvard Medical School, where he remained until his death.
He died in
Cambridge, Massachusetts on 7 August 1943.
References
Further reading
* Campbell, C.M. (1914) The mechanism of some cases of manic-depressive excitement. ''Medical Record'' 85: 681.
* Campbell, C.M. (1925) ''A Present-Day Conception of Mental Disorders.'' Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
* Campbell, C.M. (1934) ''Human Personality and the Environment.'' New York: The Macmillan Company.
* Campbell, C.M. (1933) ''Towards Mental Health: The Schizophrenic Problem.'' Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
* Campbell, C.M. (1935) ''Destiny and Disease in Mental Disorders, With Special Reference to the Schizophrenic Psychoses.'' New York: W.W. Norton.
* Solomon, H.C. and Cobb, S. (1943) Obituaries: Charles Macfie Campbell, M.D. ''Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry'' 50: 711–714.
* (1943) Obituary: Charles Macfie Campbell, M.D. ''Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease'' 98 (5): 561–563.
* (1943) Obituary: Charles Macfie Campbell, M.D. ''Psychiatric Quarterly'' 17 (4): 722–726.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Campbell, Charles Macfie
1876 births
1943 deaths
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
American psychiatrists
Presidents of the American Psychiatric Association
British emigrants to the United States