Charles Lamarque-Cando (12 January 1901 – 30 November 1989) was a

French politician The politics of France take place with the framework of a semi-presidential system determined by the French Constitution of the French Fifth Republic. The nation declares itself to be an "indivisible, secular, democratic, and social Republic". ...

Biography

Lamarque-Cando was born on 12 January 1901 in Onard. His father was a farmer, and his mother was a schoolteacher. Lamarque-Cando attended a normal school in

Mont-de-Marsan Mont-de-Marsan (; Occitan: ''Lo Mont de Marçan'') is a commune and capital of the Landes department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. Population Military installations The French Air and Space Force operates the ''Constantin Rozan ...

and began his teaching career at a French-language school in

San Sebastián San Sebastian, officially known as Donostia–San Sebastián (names in both local languages: ''Donostia'' () and ''San Sebastián'' ()) is a city and Municipalities of Spain, municipality located in the Basque Country (autonomous community), B ...

, Spain. Upon his return to France, Lamarque-Cando continued teaching at Aire-sur-Adour, and became politically active. He served as federal secretary of the and soon joined the

French Section of the Workers' International The French Section of the Workers' International (french: Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière, SFIO) was a political party in France that was founded in 1905 and succeeded in 1969 by the modern-day Socialist Party. The SFIO was found ...

(SFIO). In February 1934, Lamarque-Cando founded an anti-fascist organization, and joined a socialist association based in Landes, serving as the latter group's secretary from September 1936. Lamarque-Cando won his first political office in the February 1936 cantonal elections with 62 percent of the vote, and immediately planned to contest the

1936 French legislative elections French legislative elections to elect the 16th legislature of the French Third Republic were held on 26 April and 3 May 1936. This was the last legislature of the Third Republic and the last election before World War II. The number of candida ...

. He received 47 percent of the vote, and was not seated to the

Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures. Description Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon R ...

. He was, however, reelected a general councillor representing

Sabres A sabre is a type of sword. Sabre, Sabres, saber, or SABRE may also refer to: Weapons and weapon systems * Sabre (fencing), a sporting sword * Sabre (tank), a modern British armoured reconnaissance vehicle * Chinese sabre or ''dao'', a variety ...

in October 1937. In 1941, Lamarque-Cando organized a group of

French Resistance The French Resistance (french: La Résistance) was a collection of organisations that fought the German occupation of France during World War II, Nazi occupation of France and the Collaborationism, collaborationist Vichy France, Vichy régim ...

members in Mont-de-Marsan affiliated with

Libération-Nord ''Libération-Nord'' ("Liberation-North") was one of the principal resistance movements in the northern occupied zone of France during the Second World War. It was one of the eight great networks making up the National Council of the Resistance. ...

. Among its membership was Marcel David. While allied with the

French Forces of the Interior The French Forces of the Interior (french: Forces françaises de l'Intérieur) were French resistance fighters in the later stages of World War II. Charles de Gaulle used it as a formal name for the resistance fighters. The change in designation ...

, Lamarque-Cando worked within a network led by

Maurice Buckmaster Colonel Maurice James Buckmaster (11 January 1902 – 17 April 1992) was the leader of the French section of Special Operations Executive and was awarded the ''Croix de Guerre''. Apart from his war service, he was a corporate manager with the ...

of the

Special Operations Executive The Special Operations Executive (SOE) was a secret British World War II organisation. It was officially formed on 22 July 1940 under Minister of Economic Warfare Hugh Dalton, from the amalgamation of three existing secret organisations. Its pu ...

. Lamarque-Cando was awarded the

Resistance Medal The Resistance Medal (french: Médaille de la Résistance) was a decoration bestowed by the French Committee of National Liberation, based in the United Kingdom, during World War II. It was established by a decree of General Charles de Gaulle on 9 ...

and the

Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 The ''Croix de Guerre 1939–1945'' (English: War Cross 1939–1945) is a French military decoration, a version of the ''Croix de Guerre'' created on 26 September 1939 to honour people who fought with the Allies against the Axis forces at any ti ...

for his actions during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. His political career resumed after the war, as he returned to the Sabres seat on the general council, and chaired the body from September 1945 to April 1949. Lamarque-Cando was ranked first on the SFIO party list in Landes, and won election to the Constituent Assembly in October 1945, as 59,599 of 122,610 total votes were cast for the SFIO. He voted to approve the new French constitution devised during the tenure of the First Constituent Assembly. However, citizens rejected the drafted constitution via referendum, necessitating elections for the Second Constituent Assembly, to which Lamarque-Cando was also elected, as the SFIO party list claimed 52,419 of 134,850 votes. Lamarque-Cando voted to approve the second draft of the constitution, as did the majority of citizens who voted in an October referendum. He sought election to the First National Assembly in November, and won, despite lower turnout, with the SFIO party list claiming 45,039 of 125,149 votes cast. Lamarque-Cando won another term as deputy in 1951, with 39,715 of 126,254 total votes. He opted to focus on his role as a deputy during this term in office. On 7 October 1951, Lamarque-Cando resigned from the general council of Landes, and vacated the his Sabres municipal council position on 26 April 1953. Lamarque-Cando earned a larger vote share in 1956, 48,577 votes out of 133,940, and retained his seat on the

National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repre ...

. Upon losing his seat in the 1958 legislative elections, Lamarque-Cando focused on leading a construction cooperative, and on his career as a printer and bookseller. Lamarque-Cando returned to the National Assembly in the 1962 legislative election elections, and was reelected in 1967. After the National Assembly was dissolved due to the

May 68 Beginning in May 1968, a period of civil unrest occurred throughout France, lasting some seven weeks and punctuated by demonstrations, general strikes, as well as the occupation of universities and factories. At the height of events, which ha ...

protests, he lost subsequent legislative campaigns in June 1968 and March 1973. Lamarque-Cando's tenure as mayor of Mont-de-Marsan lasted 23 years, from 1962 to 1983, and overlapped with other mandates as general councillor (1962–1979) and regional councillor (1972–1982). He died on 30 November 1989 in Mont-de-Marsan.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lamarque-Cando, Charles 1901 births 1989 deaths Mayors of places in Nouvelle-Aquitaine French general councillors 20th-century French educators French schoolteachers Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1945) Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic Deputies of the 2nd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic Deputies of the 3rd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic Deputies of the 2nd National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Deputies of the 3rd National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic French Section of the Workers' International politicians French expatriates in Spain Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France) Recipients of the Resistance Medal French trade unionists French Resistance members