Charles Johnson Maynard (May 6, 1845 – October 15, 1929) was an American naturalist and

ornithologist Ornithology is a branch of zoology that concerns the "methodological study and consequent knowledge of birds with all that relates to them." Several aspects of ornithology differ from related disciplines, due partly to the high visibility and th ...

born in

Newton, Massachusetts Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is approximately west of downtown Boston. Newton resembles a patchwork of thirteen villages, without a city center. According to the 2020 U.S. Census, the population of Ne ...

. He was a collector, a

taxidermist Taxidermy is the art of preserving an animal's body via mounting (over an armature) or stuffing, for the purpose of display or study. Animals are often, but not always, portrayed in a lifelike state. The word ''taxidermy'' describes the proce ...

, and an expert on the vocal organs of birds. In addition to birds, he also studied mollusks, moss, gravestones and insects. He lived in the house at 459 Crafts Street in Newton, Massachusetts, built in 1897 and included in the

National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic v ...

in 1996 as the

Charles Maynard House The Charles Maynard House is a historic house at 459 Crafts Street in Newton, Massachusetts. The house was built in 1897, and is a fine local example of a Queen Anne Victorian with some Colonial Revival styling. It is also notable as the home ...

. The Charles Johnson Maynard Award is given out by the Newton Conservators, Inc.

Biography

Charles Johnson Maynard was born in

on May 6, 1845 to Samuel Maynard and Emeline Sanger. He left school at the age of 16 to help out on the family farm. His interests led him to taxidermy, and the collecting and dealing in specimens of natural history. He founded his own company in Boston, Massachusetts called C. J. Maynard & Co. in 1865, which published books and sold naturalist supplies. Maynard eventually married Pauline Thurlow Greenwood In 1870, at the age of 24, Maynard's ''Naturalist's Guide'' was published, becoming America's first publication on a reliable and detailed method of collecting and preserving zoological specimen. Barrow, Mark V., Jr. (2000). ''A Passion For Birds: American Ornithology after Audubon''. Second printing, paperback. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. x + 326 pp. . This first book was illustrated by the notable artist

Edwin Lord Weeks Edwin Lord Weeks (18491903) was an American artist, noted for his Orientalist works. Life Weeks was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1849. His parents were affluent spice and tea merchants from Newton, a suburb of Boston, and as such they wer ...

and published by James R. Osgood & Co., formerly

Ticknor and Fields Ticknor and Fields was an American publishing company based in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded as a bookstore in 1832, the business would publish many 19th century American authors including Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Henry James, ...

. The book mentions other future leading figures in ornithology that he worked with such as William Brewster,

Joel Asaph Allen Joel Asaph Allen (July 19, 1838 – August 29, 1921) was an American zoology, zoologist, mammalogy, mammalogist, and ornithology, ornithologist. He became the first president of the American Ornithologists' Union, the first curator of birds and ma ...

Henry Augustus Purdie Henry Augustus Purdie (December 16, 1840 – March 29, 1911) was an American ornithologist and naturalist. He was a founding member of the American Ornithologists' Union, and a president of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. Biography Purdie was born ...

and others. Maynard was the first editor of the

Nuttall Ornithological Club The Nuttall Ornithological Club is the oldest ornithology organization in the United States. History The club initially was a small informal group of William Brewster's childhood friends, all of whom shared his interest in ornithology. These fr ...

, the first such club in America, founded in 1873. However, he was forced to resign after he had avoided his duties in order to collect specimens during a trip. This roused the ire of his colleague Charles Foster Batchelder, who would later pay penance by compiling Maynard's extensive bibliography after Maynard's death. This event is believed to be the reason that he was excluded from the

American Ornithologists' Union The American Ornithological Society (AOS) is an ornithological organization based in the United States. The society was formed in October 2016 by the merger of the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) and the Cooper Ornithological Society. Its m ...

when it was first formed in 1883. This angered some, including Joseph Marshall Wade, the editor of the ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', who defended Maynard as someone who studies while the other ornithologists were "toddling around in petticoats." Maynard later managed Boston's Naturalists' Bureau, into which he merged C. J. Maynard & Co. He was president of the Newton Natural History Society, Vice President of the Nuttall Ornithologist Club of

Cambridge, Massachusetts Cambridge ( ) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. As part of the Boston metropolitan area, the cities population of the 2020 U.S. census was 118,403, making it the fourth most populous city in the state, behind Boston, ...

in 1875. Maynard died in Newton on October 15, 1929.

Personal life

Charles Johnson Maynard was married twice. In 1870, he married Pauline Thurlow Greenwood. She was the daughter of Thomas Smith Greenwood, the lighthouse keeper in Ipswich, Massachusetts and the owner of Greenwood Farm. Her father was also a recipient of an award from the

Massachusetts Humane Society Captain Joshua James, volunteer The Humane Society of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, better known as the Massachusetts Humane Society was founded in 1786 by a group of Boston citizens who were concerned about the needless deaths resulting ...

. The two children of Charles and Pauline were: * Maude Pauline (1872-1965), m. George William Phypers of

Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland ( ), officially the City of Cleveland, is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County. Located in the northeastern part of the state, it is situated along the southern shore of Lake Erie, across the U.S. ...

. They owned the Ohio Greenwood Farm estate, named after Thomas Smith Greenwood. * Vivian Helen (1874-1920), m. Delo Emerson Mook (1878-1949), an attorney in Cleveland His second marriage was to Elizabeth Cotter. They had a daughter, Pearl, who continued to live in the

after her father's death. The three children of Vivian Helen Maynard and Delo Emerson Mook born in Cleveland, Ohio were: * Emerson Hadley Mook (1910-1985), m. Elise Marie Mason (1927-2013) of Rossville, Kansas * Elizabeth Mook m. Thomas Reed * Charles Maynard Mook The two children of Emerson Hadley Mook and Elise Marie Mason born in Dayton, Ohio were: * Mary Elise Mook (1950- ) a teacher. She lives in Houston, Texas * Bryant Mason Mook (1953- ) a college professor, geologist and engineer. He lives in Houston, Texas

Eponyms and selected zoological discoveries

Birds: * A subspecies of the

eastern towhee The eastern towhee (''Pipilo erythrophthalmus'') is a large New World sparrow. The taxonomy of the towhees has been under debate in recent decades, and formerly this bird and the spotted towhee were considered a single species, the rufous-sided ...

, ''Pipilo erythrophthalmus alleni'', was discovered and collected by Maynard in Florida, but cited by

Elliott Coues Elliott Ladd Coues (; September 9, 1842 – December 25, 1899) was an American army surgeon, historian, ornithologist, and author. He led surveys of the Arizona Territory, and later as secretary of the United States Geological and Geographic ...

, who named it for

before Maynard had the chance to name it ''Pipilo leucopsis''. (1871) * The

Ipswich sparrow The Savannah sparrow (''Passerculus sandwichensis'') is a small New World sparrow. It was the only member of the genus '' Passerculus'' and is typically the only widely accepted member. Comparison of mtDNA NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 and 3 seque ...

, ''Passerculus sandwichensis princeps'', which is a subspecies of the

Savannah sparrow The Savannah sparrow (''Passerculus sandwichensis'') is a small New World sparrow. It was the only member of the genus '' Passerculus'' and is typically the only widely accepted member. Comparison of mtDNA NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 and 3 sequ ...

(1872) * The recently extinct dusky seaside sparrow of Florida, ''Ammodramus maritimus nigrescens'', (1872). * Maynard's cuckoo, ''Coccyzus minor maynardi'', a Caribbean

subspecies In biological classification, subspecies is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (morphology), but that can successfully interbreed. Not all species ...

of the

mangrove cuckoo The mangrove cuckoo (''Coccyzus minor'') is a species of cuckoo that is native to the Neotropics. Taxonomy The mangrove cuckoo was formally described in 1788 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition ...

(1887) * A Caribbean subspecies of the

white-eyed vireo The white-eyed vireo (''Vireo griseus'') is a small songbird of the family Vireonidae. Distribution and habitat It breeds in the eastern United States from New England west to northern Missouri and south to Texas and Florida, and also in easte ...

, ''Vireo griseus maynardi'', (1887) * A Caribbean subspecies of the

hairy woodpecker The hairy woodpecker (''Leuconotopicus villosus'') is a medium-sized woodpecker that is found over a large area of North America. It is approximately in length with a wingspan. With an estimated population in 2020 of almost nine million individ ...

, ''Picoides villosus maynardi'', (1887) * A Caribbean subspecies of the

osprey The osprey (''Pandion haliaetus''), , also called sea hawk, river hawk, and fish hawk, is a diurnal, fish-eating bird of prey with a cosmopolitan range. It is a large raptor reaching more than in length and across the wings. It is brown o ...

, ''Pandion haliaetus ridgwayi'', which he named for

Robert Ridgway Robert Ridgway (July 2, 1850 – March 25, 1929) was an American ornithologist specializing in systematics. He was appointed in 1880 by Spencer Fullerton Baird, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, to be the first full-time curator of bird ...

. (1887) * A Bahamas subspecies of the

common ground dove The common ground dove (''Columbina passerina'') is a small bird that inhabits the southern United States, parts of Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America. It is considered to be the smallest dove that inhabits the United State ...

, ''Columbina passerina bahamensis'', (1887) * A subspecies of the

grasshopper sparrow The grasshopper sparrow (''Ammodramus savannarum'') is a small New World sparrow. It belongs to the genus '' Ammodramus,'' which contains three species that inhabit grasslands and prairies. Although sometimes found in crop fields and they will re ...

, ''Ammodramus savannarum australis'', (1887) * A Bahamas subspecies of the

clapper rail The clapper rail (''Rallus crepitans'') is a member of the rail family, Rallidae. The taxonomy for this species is confusing and still being determined. It is a large brown rail that is resident in wetlands along the Atlantic coasts of the easte ...

, ''Rallus crepitans coryi'', named for

Charles B. Cory Charles Barney Cory (January 31, 1857 – July 31, 1921) was an American ornithologist and golfer. Biography Cory was born in Boston, Massachusetts. His father had made a fortune from a large import business, ensuring that his son never had to ...

. (1887) * A Jamaican subspecies of the

, ''Columbina passerina jamaicensis'', (1888) * A subspecies of the

downy woodpecker The downy woodpecker (''Dryobates pubescens'') is a species of woodpecker, the smallest in North America. Length ranges from . Downy woodpeckers primarily live in forested areas throughout the United States and Canada, with the exception of deser ...

, ''Picoides pubescens fumidus'', (1889) * A Florida subspecies of

red-winged blackbird The red-winged blackbird (''Agelaius phoeniceus'') is a passerine bird of the family Icteridae found in most of North America and much of Central America. It breeds from Alaska and Newfoundland south to Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, Mexico, and G ...

, ''Agelaius phoeniceus floridanus'', (1895) * A Bahamas subspecies of the

American oystercatcher The American oystercatcher (''Haematopus palliatus''), occasionally called the American pied oystercatcher, is a member of family Haematopodidae. Originally called the "sea pie", it was renamed in 1731 when naturalist Mark Catesby observed the ...

, ''Haematopus palliatus prattii'', (1899) * The Florida pine warbler, ''Setophaga pinus florida'', a subspecies of the

pine warbler The pine warbler (''Setophaga pinus'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Description These birds have white bellies, two white wing bars, dark legs and thin, relatively long pointed bills; they have yellowish 'spectacles' a ...

, (1906) Mammals: * The

Bahaman raccoon The Bahamian raccoon (''Procyon lotor maynardi''), also called Bahama raccoon or Bahamas raccoon, is a subspecies of the common raccoon endemic on the New Providence Island in the Bahamas. The binomial name, ''maynardi'', comes from Charles John ...

, ''Procyon lotor maynardi'', (1898) Butterflies: * A Florida subspecies of the ''

Strymon istapa ''Strymon istapa'' the mallow hairstreak, mallow-scrub hairstreak, dotted hairstreak or Hewitson's hairstreak. This diurnal butterfly is a widespread species that can be found in Deserts and xeric shrublands, xeric habitats throughout the souther ...

'' (also known as the mallow scrub-hairstreak), ''Strymon istapa modesta'', (1873) * A Caribbean subspecies of the

Gulf fritillary The Gulf fritillary or passion butterfly (''Dione vanillae'') is a bright orange butterfly in the subfamily Heliconiinae of the family Nymphalidae. That subfamily was formerly set apart as a separate family, the Heliconiidae. The Heliconiinae a ...

, ''Agraulis vanillae insularis'', (1889) Lizards: *''

Pholidoscelis maynardi ''Pholidoscelis maynardi'', commonly known as the Great Inagua ameiva, Inagua ameiva, or Inagua blue-tailed lizard, is species of lizard, a member of the Family (biology), family Teiidae. The species is Endemism, endemic to the Bahamas. Three sub ...

'' (1888) *''

Anolis maynardi ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...

'' (1888) Mollusks: * ''

Cerion nanus ''Cerion nanus'' is a species of medium-sized air-breathing land snail, a Terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod in the family Cerionidae. Distribution and Ecology This species is Endemism, endemic to the island of Little Cayman, C ...

'' (1889)

Selected publications

He published many books himself under his publishing company C. J. Maynard & Co. Additionally, he illustrated many of his own books. In 1951, the naturalist Charles Foster Batchelder published an extensive bibliography on the works of Maynard. Maynard's work on the mud turtle was cited in Charles Darwin's ''

The Descent of Man ''The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex'' is a book by English naturalist Charles Darwin, first published in 1871, which applies evolutionary theory to human evolution, and details his theory of sexual selection, a form of biol ...

'' in 1872, leading to a brief correspondence.

Darwin, Charles Charles Robert Darwin ( ; 12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology. His proposition that all species of life have descended fr ...

. ''The Correspondence of Charles Darwin. Vol 20''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Books *''The Naturalist's Guide'', w/ illustrations by E. L. Weeks. Boston: Fields, Osgood & Co. (1870) *''The Birds of Florida'' (issued in parts) w/ illustrations by Helen S. Farley. Salem: Naturalist's Agency. (1872) *''The Birds of Eastern North America'', w/ illustrations by Maynard. Newton: C. J. Maynard & Co. (1881) *''Manual of Taxidermy'' Boston: S. E. Cassino & Co. (1883) *''The Butterflies of New England'' Boston: C. J. Maynard & Co. (1886) *''Eggs of North American Birds'' Boston: DeWolfe, Fiske & Co. (1890) *''A Manual of North American Butterflies'' Boston: DeWolfe, Fiske & Co. (1891) *''Handbook of the Sparrows, Finches Etc. of New England'' Newtonville: C. J. Maynard (1896) *''Nature Studies: Sponges'' West Newton: C. J. Maynard (1898) *''The Warblers of New England'' Newton: C. J. Maynard & Co. (1905) *''Methods in Moss Study'' Newton: C. J. Maynard & Co. (1905) *''Directory to the Birds of Eastern North America'' West Newton: C. J. Maynard (1907) *''A Field Ornithology of the Birds of Eastern North America'' West Newton: C. J. Maynard (1916) *''Vocal Organs of Talking Birds and Some Other Species'' West Newton: C. J. Maynard (1928) Selected journal publications * "The mottled owl in confinement" ''American Naturalist'', April 1868 * "The dwarf thrush again" ''American Naturalist'', Feb 1869 * "The Tennessee warbler" ''Newton Journal'', 31 July 1869 * "The Capture of the Centronyx Bairdii at Ipswich" ''American Naturalist'', Dec 1869 * "How the sculpted turtle deposits her eggs" ''American Naturalist'', March 1870 * "A catalogue of the birds of Coos Co., N. H., and Oxford Co., Me." (w/ William Brewster), ''Proc. Boston Society of Natural History'' 18 Oct 1871. * "Catalogue of the mammals of Florida" ''Bulletin of the Essex Institute'', 1872 * "A new species of Passerculus from eastern Massachusetts" ''American Naturalist'', Oct 1872 * "A new species of butterfly from Florida" ''American Naturalist'', Mar 1873 * "The strange and rare birds of North America" ''American Sportsman'', Mar 1873 * "Albinoism" ''American Sportsman'', Dec 1873 * "Blue kite--everglade kite--so-for-fun-i-k-r" ''American Sportsman'', Dec 1873 * "Supposed new species of pelican" ''American Sportsman'', March 1874 * "A naturalist's trip to Florida" ''American Sportsman'', April 1874 * "Orchard oriole" ''American Sportsman'', June 1874 * "Black fish ashore on Nantucket" ''American Sportsman'', Aug 1874 * "A naturalist on the national" ''American Sportsman'', Aug 1874 * "More about the white pelican" ''American Sportsman'', Aug 1874 * "A new species of finch from Florida" ''American Sportsman'', Jan 1875 * "The Loggerhead Shrike in Mass." ''American Sportsman'', Feb 1875 * "Bird murder--Sterna portlandica" ''Rod and Gun'', April 1875 * "A naturalist's vacation" ''Rod and Gun'' Oct 1875 * "The common buzzard hawk of Europe in North America" ''Bulletin Nuttall Ornithological Club'', April 1876 * "That peculiar bird" ''Sunday Times'' (Williamsport, Pa.), 1 July 1876 * "Variation in the breeding habits of certain birds", ''Rod and Gun'' Aug 1876 * "Nesting habits of the worm-eating warbler" ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', May 1877 * "The birds of Massachusetts which are beneficial to the husbandman" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Aug 1877 * "Albinism" ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', Dec 1877 * "Modifications in the breeding habits of birds, caused by the persecutions of man" ''Familiar Science and Fanciers' Journal'', Jan 1878 * "The sparrow war" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Feb 1878 * "The anatomical structure of birds" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Mar 1878 * "The marine leathery turtle" ''Familiar Science and Fanciers' Journal'', April 1878 * "Name of bird" ''The Scientific Farmer'', July 1878 * "The crow blackbird" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Oct 1878 * "A chapter on the common garden toad, Bufo Americana" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Nov 1878 * "The hairy woodpecker" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Jan 1879 * "Woodpeckers" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Feb 1879 * "The English sparrow" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Mar 1879 * "The food of woodpeckers" ''The Scientific Farmer'', April 1879 * "Wanderings of a naturalist" ''Town and Country'', April 1879 * "The swallows" ''The Scientific Farmer'', June 1879 * "The ruby-throated hummingbird ''Familiar Science and Fanciers' Journal'', July 1879 * "Justice to the English sparrow" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Aug 1879 * "The goatsuckers" ''The Scientific Farmer'', Oct 1879 * "A third specimen of the swallow-tailed gull", ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1882 * "Distribution of the ivory-billed woodpecker", ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1882 * "Ornithological notes from the Magdalen Islands", ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1882 * "Mammals of Florida", ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1883 * "The hibernation of the jumping mouse", ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1883 * "Notes on ''Colaptes auratas'', containing some theories regarding variation in plumage", ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1883 * "Occurrence of the Connecticut warbler in Massachusetts in spring", ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1883 * "Cuban nighthawk in Florida", ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1883 * "Notes on the difference between Cory's shearwater, ''Puffinus borealis'', and the greater shearwater, ''Puffinus major'', ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1883 * "Occurrence of the white heron at Quincy, Mass.", ''Quarterly Journal of the Boston Zoological Society'', 1883 * "Notes on the breeding habits of the American Flamingo, etc.", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Sept. 1884 * "The curled-tailed lizard", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Sept. 1884 * "Remarkable birds of Florida -- The white pelican", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Sept. 1884 * "Remarkable birds of Florida -- Roseate spoonbill", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Nov. 1884 * "Peculiar plumage of the Florida white-billed nuthatch", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Nov. 1884 * "Brewster's Notes on the Birds of the Gulf of St. Lawrence", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Nov. 1884 * "Abnormal plumage of the black-polled warbler", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Nov. 1884 * "Instructions to naturalists. How to make bird skins.", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Nov. 1884 * "Rattlesnakes", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Nov. 1884 * "Catalogue of Bahama birds' skins, nests, and eggs", 1884 * "Remarkable Birds -- Bahama Woodpecker", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Mar. 1885 * "Description of some new North American birds by Robert Ridgway", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Mar. 1885 * "Notes on the Greater and Lesser Snow Geese by Robert Ridgway", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Mar. 1885 * "Ridgway on the North American Crossbills of curvirostra type", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Mar. 1885 * "Names of Florida animals, trees, etc., in Seminole", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Mar. 1885 * "Chats about birds", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Mar. 1885 * "Notes on the color of the bill in two species of terns in autumn", ''Naturalist in Florida'', Mar. 1885 * "Remarkable Birds -- Black and white shore finch", ''Naturalist in Florida'', May 1885 * "The whip-poor-will", ''Naturalist in Florida'', May 1885 * "Breeding habits of the bridled tern", ''Young Ornithologist'' (Boston), May 1885 * "Instructions to naturalists. How to prepare specimen.", ''The Naturalist'', Sep. 1885 * "The hairy woodpecker", ''The Naturalist'', Sep. 1885 * "Six months in the Bahamas", ''The American Exchange and Mart and Household Journal'', 1886 * "Descriptions of five new species of birds from the Bahamas", ''The American Exchange and Mart and Household Journal'', Jan 1887 * "Notes on the white ant, found on the Bahamas", ''Psyche'', Sept.-Oct. 1888 * "Notes on the anatomical structure of the crowned crane", ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', Feb. 1889 * "Description of a supposed new species of gannet", ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', Mar. 1889 * "Monograph of the genus Strophia", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889 * "Description of an apparently new species of warbler from Jamaica", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889 * "The defensive glands of a species of Phasma from Florida", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889 * "The sterno-trachealis as a vocal muscle", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889 * "Peculiar structure of the caecum of a leaf-eating lizard", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889 * "Notes on some Jamaica birds", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889 * "Reptiles and batrachians from the Caymans and the Bahamas by Samuel Garman", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889 * "An eel from the Marshall Islands by Samuel Garman", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889 * "Descriptions of a new sub-species of Poocaetes from Oregon by GS Miller, Jr.", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889 * "Description of supposed new birds from western North America and Mexico by William Brewster", ''Contributions to Science'', April 1889. * "Description of two supposed new sub-species of birds from Vancouver's Island", ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', April 1889 * "Observation on Cory's gannet", ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', April 1889 * "The southern yellow-winged, or grasshopper sparrow", ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', April 1889 * "Singular effects produced by the bite of a short-tailed shrew", ''Contributions to Science'', July 1889 * "The vocal organs of the American bittern", ''Contributions to Science'', July 1889 * "Notes on the anatomical structure of the crowned crane" ''Contributions to Science'', July 1889 * "On the probable evolution of the totipalmate birds, pelicans, gannets, etc.", ''Contributions to Science'', July 1889 * "Description of a new species of butterfly from the West Indies", ''Contributions to Science'', July 1889 * "Notes on the black snake, Bascanion constrictor", ''Contributions to Science'', July 1889 * "Young muskrats", ''Contributions to Science'', July 1889 * "Florida burrowing owl", ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', Aug 1889 * "The tongue of woodpeckers", ''Bulletin Newton Natural History Society'', Oct 1889 * "The arrow-headed warbler of Jamaica", ''Bulletin Newton Natural History Society'', Oct 1889 * "Evolution of species" ''Bulletin Newton Natural Historical Society'', Feb 1890 * "Correlative characters in animals ''Bulletin Newton Natural Historical Society'', April 1890 * "Are the changes in the common names by the A. O. U. popular?", ''Ornithologist and Oologist'', June 1890

References

External links

The Newton SocietyA Bibliography of the Published Writings of Charles Johnson MaynardBird AlmanacIn Memoriam: Charles Foster Batchelder, which mentions his relationship with Maynard
{{DEFAULTSORT:Maynard, Charles Johnson American ornithologists American naturalists American magazine editors American malacologists Birdwatchers American bird artists American illustrators American nature writers American male non-fiction writers Taxidermists Scientific illustrators Writers who illustrated their own writing People from Newton, Massachusetts American publishers (people) 1845 births 1929 deaths 19th-century American painters American male painters 20th-century American painters 19th-century American male artists 20th-century American male artists