Charles Friedel (; 12 March 1832 – 20 April 1899) was a French chemist and
mineralogist
Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts. Specific studies within mineralogy include the proces ...
.
Life
A native of
Strasbourg
Strasbourg (, , ; german: Straßburg ; gsw, label=Bas Rhin Alsatian, Strossburi , gsw, label=Haut Rhin Alsatian, Strossburig ) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the Eu ...
, France, he was a student of
Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur (, ; 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) was a French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization, the latter of which was named afte ...
at the
Sorbonne
Sorbonne may refer to:
* Sorbonne (building), historic building in Paris, which housed the University of Paris and is now shared among multiple universities.
*the University of Paris (c. 1150 – 1970)
*one of its components or linked institution, ...
. In 1876, he became a professor of chemistry and
mineralogy
Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts. Specific studies within mineralogy include the proces ...
at the Sorbonne.
Friedel developed the
Friedel-Crafts alkylation
Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalents). Alkylating agents are reagents for effecting ...
and
acylation
In chemistry, acylation (or alkanoylation) is the chemical reaction in which an acyl group () is added to a compound. The compound providing the acyl group is called the acylating agent.
Because they form a strong electrophile when treated with ...
reactions with
James Crafts
James Mason Crafts (March 8, 1839 – June 20, 1917) was an American chemist, mostly known for developing the Friedel–Crafts alkylation and acylation reactions with Charles Friedel in 1876.
Biography
James Crafts, the son of Royal Altamo ...
in 1877, and attempted to make
synthetic diamond
Lab-grown diamond (LGD; also called laboratory-grown, laboratory-created, man-made, artisan-created, artificial, synthetic, or cultured diamond) is diamond that is produced in a controlled technological process (in contrast to naturally formed ...
s.
His son
Georges Friedel Georges Friedel (19 July 1865 – 11 December 1933) was a French Mineralogy, mineralogist and Crystallography, crystallographer.
Life
Georges was the son of the chemist Charles Friedel. Georges' grandfather was Georges Louis Duvernoy, Louis Geor ...
(1865–1933) also became a renowned mineralogist.
Lineage
* Friedel's wife's father was the engineer,
Charles Combes.
Charles Combes
, quercy.net, accessed April 2010 The Friedel family is a rich lineage of French scientists:
** Georges Friedel Georges Friedel (19 July 1865 – 11 December 1933) was a French Mineralogy, mineralogist and Crystallography, crystallographer.
Life
Georges was the son of the chemist Charles Friedel. Georges' grandfather was Georges Louis Duvernoy, Louis Geor ...
(1865–1933), French crystallographer and mineralogist; son of Charles
** Edmond Friedel (1895–1972), French Polytechnician and mining engineer, founder of BRGM, the French geological survey; son of Georges
** Jacques Friedel
Jacques Friedel ForMemRS (; 11 February 1921 – 27 August 2014) was a French physicist and material scientist.
Education
Friedel attended the Cours Hattemer, a private school. He studied at the École Polytechnique from 1944 to 1946, and the É ...
(1921–2014), French physicist; son of Edmond (fr)
References
Further reading
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External links
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Charles Friedel
{{DEFAULTSORT:Friedel, Charles
1832 births
1899 deaths
Scientists from Strasbourg
University of Paris faculty
19th-century French chemists
French mineralogists
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences