Charantoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid
glycoside
In chemistry, a glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides play numerous important roles in living organisms. Many plants store chemicals in the form of inactive glycosides. ...
s found in the fruits
bitter melon
''Momordica charantia'' (commonly called bitter melon; Goya; bitter apple; bitter gourd; bitter squash; balsam-pear; with many more names listed below) is a tropical and subtropical vine of the family Cucurbitaceae, widely grown in Asia, Afri ...
vine (''Momordica charantia'').
They include:
*
charantoside I Charantoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides found in the fruits bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia''). They include:
* charantoside I, (19R,23E)-5β,19-Epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-gl ...
, (19R,23E)-5β,19-Epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: amorphous solid.
*
charantoside II Charantoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides found in the fruits bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia''). They include:
* charantoside I, (19R,23E)-5β,19-Epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glu ...
, (19R,23R)-5β,19-Epoxy-19,23-dimethoxycucurbita-6,24-dien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-allopyranoside: amorphous solid.
*
charantoside III Charantoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides found in the fruits bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia''). They include:
* charantoside I, (19R,23E)-5β,19-Epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glu ...
, (23E)-5β,19-Epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: amorphous solid.
*
charantoside IV Charantoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides found in the fruits bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia''). They include:
* charantoside I, (19R,23E)-5β,19-Epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glu ...
, (23E)-5β,19-Epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-allopyranoside: colorless needles, melting at 256–260 °C.
*
charantoside V Charantoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides found in the fruits bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia''). They include:
* charantoside I, (19R,23E)-5β,19-Epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glu ...
, (23R)-5β,19-Epoxy-23-methoxycucurbita-6,24-dien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: colorless needles, melting at 235–240 °C.
*
charantoside VI Charantoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides found in the fruits bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia''). They include:
* charantoside I, (19R,23E)-5β,19-Epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glu ...
, (23S)-5β,19-Epoxy-23-methoxycucurbita-6,24-dien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-allopyranoside: amorphous solid.
*
charantoside VII Charantoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides found in the fruits bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia''). They include:
* charantoside I, (19R,23E)-5β,19-Epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glu ...
, (23E)-3β-Hydroxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-5β,19-olide 3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside: colorless needles, melting at 258–262 °C
*
charantoside VIII Charantoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides found in the fruits bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia''). They include:
* charantoside I, (19R,23E)-5β,19-Epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glu ...
, (23E)-3β-Hydroxy-7β,25-dimethoxycucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: amorphous solid.
Charantosides I through VIII can be extracted from the fresh fruit with
methanol
Methanol (also called methyl alcohol and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the formula C H3 O H (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH). It is a ...
and
ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetate ( systematically ethyl ethanoate, commonly abbreviated EtOAc, ETAC or EA) is the organic compound with the formula , simplified to . This colorless liquid has a characteristic sweet smell (similar to pear drops) and is used in glues ...
.
See also
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Charantin Charantin is a chemical substance obtained from the Asian bitter melon (''Momordica charantia''), reputed to be responsible for the hypoglycaemic properties of those plants. It was identified by Lolitkar and Rao in 1960. It was also found in the ...
*
Goyaglycoside Goyaglycoside is any of several related triterpenoid glycosides found in the fruits bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia''), called ''goya'' in Okinawan language. They include:
* goyaglycoside c.
* goyaglycoside d.
Goyaglycosides c and d can ...
*
Karaviloside Karaviloside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides found in bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia'').Toshihiro Akihisa, Naoki Higo, Harukuni Tokuda, Motohiko Ukiya, Hiroyuki Akazawa, Yuichi Tochigi, Yumiko Kimura, Takashi ...
*
Momordicoside Momordicoside is any of several related cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides that can be extracted from the bitter melon vine (''Momordica charantia'').Toshihiro Akihisa, Naoki Higo, Harukuni Tokuda, Motohiko Ukiya, Hiroyuki Akazawa, Yuichi Tochigi, ...
References
{{reflist
Triterpene glycosides