![6oGastronomica12](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/6oGastronomica12.JPG)
Chapulines, plural for chapulín (), are
grasshopper
Grasshoppers are a group of insects belonging to the suborder Caelifera. They are among what is possibly the most ancient living group of chewing herbivorous insects, dating back to the early Triassic around 250 million years ago.
Grasshopp ...
s of the genus ''
Sphenarium
''Sphenarium'' is a grasshoppers genus in the family PyrgomorphidaeCharpentier. 1845. Orthoptera descripta et depicta 841-1845120 pp. indigenous to Mexico. Various species are caught and eaten as chapulines
Chapulines, plural for chapulín ...
'' that are commonly eaten in certain areas of Mexico. The term is specific to
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
and
Central America
Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ...
, and derives from the
Nahuatl
Nahuatl (; ), Aztec, or Mexicano is a language or, by some definitions, a group of languages of the Uto-Aztecan language family. Varieties of Nahuatl are spoken by about Nahua peoples, most of whom live mainly in Central Mexico and have smaller ...
word ''
chapolin'' (singular) or ''
chapolimeh'' (
plural
The plural (sometimes abbreviated pl., pl, or ), in many languages, is one of the values of the grammatical category of number. The plural of a noun typically denotes a quantity greater than the default quantity represented by that noun. This de ...
).
They are collected only at certain times of year (from their hatching in early May through the late summer/early autumn). They are toasted on a
comal
COMAL (''Common Algorithmic Language'') is a computer programming language developed in Denmark by Børge R. Christensen and Benedict Løfstedt and originally released in 1975. COMAL was one of the few structured programming languages that was a ...
. Often they are seasoned with garlic, lime juice, chilies and/or salt.
One of the regions of Mexico where chapulines are most widely consumed is
Oaxaca
Oaxaca ( , also , , from nci, Huāxyacac ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca), is one of the 32 states that compose the political divisions of Mexico, Federative Entities of Mexico. It is ...
, where they are sold as snacks at local sports events and are becoming revived among foodies. There is one reference to grasshoppers that are eaten in early records of the Spanish conquest, in early to mid 16th century.
Besides Oaxaca, chapulines are popular in areas surrounding
Mexico City
Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...
, such as
Tepoztlán
Tepoztlán () is a town in the central Mexican state of Morelos. It is located at in the heart of the Tepoztlán Valley. The town serves as the seat of government for the municipality of the same name. The town had a population of 14,130 inhabit ...
,
Cuernavaca
Cuernavaca (; nci-IPA, Cuauhnāhuac, kʷawˈnaːwak "near the woods", ) is the capital and largest city of the state of Morelos in Mexico. The city is located around a 90-minute drive south of Mexico City using the Federal Highway 95D.
The na ...
and
Puebla
Puebla ( en, colony, settlement), officially Free and Sovereign State of Puebla ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Puebla), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 217 municipalities and its cap ...
. They may be eaten individually as a ''botana'' (snack) or as a filling, e.g.
tlayuda
Tlayuda (), sometimes spelled clayuda, is a handmade dish in traditional Oaxacan cuisine, consisting of a large, thin, crunchy, partially fried or toasted tortilla covered with a spread of refried beans, ''asiento'' (unrefined pork lard), lettu ...
filled with chapulines. The
Seattle Mariners
The Seattle Mariners are an American professional baseball team based in Seattle. They compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) American League West, West division. The team joined the American League ...
successfully introduced chapulines as a novelty snack in their 2017 home games.
Health risks
![EggChorizoChapulines](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/EggChorizoChapulines.JPG)
In 2007, several American media reported concerns over
lead
Lead is a chemical element with the symbol Pb (from the Latin ) and atomic number 82. It is a heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and also has a relatively low melting point. When freshly cu ...
contamination in products imported from
Zimatlán, a municipality in Oaxaca, including chapulines. In California, an investigation among community residents in Monterey County showed a larger risk for lead poisoning on people who either were from or reported eating food imported from Zimatlán.
![Taco de chapulines con frijoles](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Taco_de_chapulines_con_frijoles.jpg)
Contaminated chapulines which were found for sale in California were also identified in samples from Zimatlán.
[International Journal of Epidemiology, December, 2007] Lead levels found in the chapulines were as high as 300 times the maximum recommended lead dose for children under the age of 6 and pregnant women. It was discovered the lead was from bowls used in the seasoning process.
See also
*
*
*
* (''Sphenarium purpurascens''), a grasshopper species found in Mexico and Guatemala
*
References
External links
www.oregon.govwww.bugvivant.com/recipe/chapulines-recipe-spicy-chapulines-tostadas/
{{Mexican cuisine
Oaxacan cuisine
Insects as food
Mesoamerican cuisine
Mexican cuisine