Chairman Of The Standing Committee Of The National People's Congress

The chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is the presiding officer of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC), which is the permanent body of the National People's Congress, highest organ of state power and top legislative body in the People's Republic of China (PRC).

The chairman presides over the work of the NPCSC and convenes and presides over its meetings. The chairman is assisted by the vice chairpersons and secretary-general of the NPCSC. A vice chairperson may be delegated to exercise some of the chairman's powers by the chairman. In the case that the chairman becomes incapacitated, NPCSC temporarily elects one of the vice chairpersons until the chairman is able to resume their work or a new chairman is elected by the NPC. The position holds reserve constitutional powers under the 1982 revision of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. As stipulated in Article 84 of the Constitution, should both the president and vice-president become incapacitated, and the National People's Congress is unable to elect a timely replacement, the chairman of the NPC Standing Committee will act as president.

From 1998 to 2013, the position was ranked second in China's political hierarchy since Li Peng was barred from seeking a third term as premier in 1998. In the political order of precedence, the chairman ranks below the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and president. The ranking of this position is not necessarily reflective of its actual power, which varies depending on the officeholder. The incumbent chairman is Li Zhanshu.

History

Initially, there were disagreements to whether name the post "chairman" ( or ) or "speaker" (). However, ultimately the word "chairman" () was adopted.

From 1975 to 1983, the chairman of the Standing Committee served as head of state of the People's Republic of China, as the presidency had been written out of the 1975 constitution and was also excluded from the 1978 draft. Theoretically, during the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, the NPC chairman at the time, Wan Li, had the power to call an emergency session of the NPC to resolve the issue constitutionally. However, Wan's freedom of movement was restricted, and ultimately rendered powerless in the situation.

List of chairmen

Multiple terms in office, consecutive or otherwise, are listed and counted in the first column counts individuals and the second column (''term number'').

; Generations of leadership:

*

Timeline

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Period = from:01/01/1953 till:01/01/2023
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from: 27/09/1954 till: 18/04/1959 color:pres text:"Liu Shaoqi" fontsize:10
from: 28/04/1959 till: 06/07/1976 color:pres text:" Zhu De" fontsize:10
from: 06/07/1976 till: 05/03/1978 color:pres text:" Soong Ching-ling" fontsize:10
from: 05/03/1978 till: 18/06/1983 color:pres text:"Ye Jianying" fontsize:10
from: 18/06/1983 till: 27/04/1988 color:pres text:" Peng Zhen" fontsize:10
from: 27/04/1988 till: 27/03/1993 color:pres text:" Wan Li" fontsize:10
from: 27/03/1993 till: 16/03/1998 color:pres text:"Qiao Shi" fontsize:10
from: 16/03/1998 till: 15/03/2003 color:pres text:"Li Peng" fontsize:10
from: 15/03/2003 till: 14/03/2013 color:pres text:" Wu Bangguo" fontsize:10
from: 15/03/2013 till: 17/03/2018 color:pres text:" Zhang Dejiang" fontsize:10
from: 17/03/2018 till: 12/09/2021 color:pres text:" Li Zhanshu" fontsize:10

References

See also

* Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
** Council of Chairpersons
*** Vice Chairpersons
*** Secretary-General
* National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
** Chairperson
* President of the Legislative Yuan
* List of leaders of the People's Republic of China

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Members of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress