''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with

green algae The green algae (singular: green alga) are a group consisting of the Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed sister which contains the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/Streptophyta. The land plants (Embryophytes) have emerged deep in the Charophyte alga as ...

as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''

Cetraria islandica ''Cetraria islandica'', also known as true Iceland lichen or Iceland moss, is an Arctic-alpine lichen whose erect or upright, leaflike habit gives it the appearance of a moss, where its name likely comes from. Description It is often of a pale ...

'', Iceland moss, is one of the few culinary lichens, ground and eaten by

Northern Europe The northern region of Europe has several definitions. A restrictive definition may describe Northern Europe as being roughly north of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, which is about 54th parallel north, 54°N, or may be based on other g ...

ans in times of famine. Another species is used today as a "bulking" agent in garam masala of traditional Indian cuisine.

Species

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Cetraria aculeata ''Cetraria aculeata'' or the spiny Iceland lichen is a dark brown to black fruticose, soil Iceland lichen from the family Parmeliaceae. The species was first described by German naturalist Johann Christian Daniel Edler von Schreber in 1771 unde ...

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Cetraria arenaria ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria australiensis ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetra ...

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Cetraria corrugata ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria endochrysea ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria ericetorum ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria flavonigrescens ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria isidiigera ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria kamczatica ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria laevigata ''Cetraria laevigata'' is a species of ground-dwelling, fruticose (bushy) lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was formally described as a new species by Russian lichenologist Kseniya Aleksandrovna Rassadina in 1943. In North America, it is ...

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Cetraria minuscula ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria muricata ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria nigricans ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria odontella ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

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Cetraria racemosa ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetrari ...

'' *'' Cetraria sepincola'' *''

Cetraria sinensis ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetra ...

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Cetraria wangii ''Cetraria'' is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges. ''Cetra ...

'' *'' Cetraria weii'' The species once known as ''Cetraria subscutata'' was placed into synonymy with '' Nephromopsis chlorophylla''.

References

Gallery

Cetraria arenaria-4.jpg, ''

'' Cetraria islandica 300808.jpg, ''

'' Cetraria laevigata.jpg, ''

'' Cetraria laevigata-2.jpg, Marginal projections on ''C. laevigata'' Parmeliaceae Lichen genera Taxa named by Erik Acharius Lecanorales genera Taxa described in 1803 {{Parmeliaceae-stub