Flower chafers are a group of scarab beetles, comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for

pollen Pollen is a powdery substance produced by seed plants. It consists of pollen grains (highly reduced microgametophytes), which produce male gametes (sperm cells). Pollen grains have a hard coat made of sporopollenin that protects the gametophyt ...

and

nectar Nectar is a sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries or nectarines, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists ...

, or to browse on the petals. Some species also feed on fruit. The group is also called fruit and flower chafers, flower beetles and flower scarabs. There are around 4,000 species, many of them still undescribed. Twelve tribes are presently recognized: Cetoniini, Cremastocheilini, Diplognathini, Goliathini, Gymnetini, Phaedimini, Schizorhinini, Stenotarsiini, Taenioderini, Trichiini, Valgini, and Xiphoscelidini. The tribe Gymnetini is the biggest of the American tribes, and Goliathini contains the largest species, and is mainly found in the

rainforest Rainforests are characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforest can be classified as tropical rainforest or temperate rainfores ...

regions of Africa.

Description

Adult flower chafers are usually brightly coloured beetles, often metallic, and somewhat flattened in shape. The insertions of the antennae are visible from above, while the mandibles and labrum are hidden by the clypeus. The elytra lack a narrow membranous margin and are truncate to expose the pygidium. The abdominal spiracles are diverging so that several lie on the abdominal sternites with at least one exposed. The fore coxae are conical and produced ventrally, while the mid coxae are transverse or only slightly oblique. The mesothoracic epimera is visible from above. The tarsi are each equipped with a pair of simple (not forked) tarsal claws of subequal size. A feature possessed by adults of many flower chafers, especially Cetoniini, is lateral emargination of the elytra. Larvae are stout-bodied and very hairy with short legs. The head is partly covered by the prothorax. Each antenna has the apical segment as wide as the penultimate segment. The galea and lacinia are used to form a mala. The anal cleft is transverse. The mandible has a ventral

stridulating Stridulation is the act of producing sound by rubbing together certain body parts. This behavior is mostly associated with insects, but other animals are known to do this as well, such as a number of species of fish, snakes and spiders. The mech ...

area. The labrum is symmetrical with a deeply pigmented notch on each side of the midline.

Biology

Adult cetoniines are herbivorous, being found on flowers (from which they consume nectar and pollen), tree sap and rotting fruit. Larvae generally live and feed in decaying plant matter (including decaying wood) or soil. In captivity, cetoniine larvae will feed on soft fruit. Many species in the tribe Cremastocheilini are known to be predaceous, feeding on hymenopteran larvae or soft-bodied nymphs of Auchenorrhyncha. '' Spilophorus'' spp. have been noted feeding on the nesting material and excrement of South African passerine birds, while '' Spilophorus maculatus'' has been recorded feeding on ''

Oxyrhachis ''Oxyrhachis'' is a genus of African plants in the grass family. The only known species is ''Oxyrhachis gracillima'', native to Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Cameroon, Tanzania, Madagascar, KwaZulu-Natal KwaZulu-Natal (, also referred to as KZN and ...

'' sp. nymphs and '' Hoplostomus fuligineus'' is known to feed on the brood of honey bees in South Africa and the pupae of the wasp '' Belonogaster petiolata''. '' Campsiura javanica'' feeds on the larvae of '' Ropalidia montana'' in southern India. ''

Cremastocheilus stathamae ''Cremastocheilus'' is a genus of myermecophilic beetles in the family Scarabaeidae The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The cla ...

'' feeds on ants of the genus '' Myrmecocystus''. In terms of movement, adults are considered some of the best flyers among beetles. They can hover above and land on flowers or fruit. When threatened by predators, they escape by either performing a rush take off or by falling toward the ground and then flying before impact. Many cetoniines fly with their elytra closed, as their hindwings can unfold and slide out under the elytra during flight (thanks to the emargination of the elytra). Larvae of some taxa can crawl on their backs using their tergal folds, which are covered in strong bristles. Others crawl on their legs.

Systematics and taxonomy

The tribes of subfamily Cetoniinae, with some notable genera also listed, are:

Tribus Cetoniini

Subtribus Cetoniina *''

Aethiessa ''Aethiessa'' is a genus of scarab beetles belonging to the subfamily Cetoniinae Flower chafers are a group of scarab beetles, comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for pollen and nectar, or to bro ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *''

Anatona ''Anatona'' is a genus of beetle Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Co ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Anelaphinis'' Kolbe, 1912 *'' Aphelinis'' Antoine, 1987 *'' Atrichelaphinis'' Kraatz, 1898 *'' Atrichiana'' Distant, 1911 *'' Badizoblax'' Thomson, 1877 *'' Callophylla'' Moser, 1916 *'' Centrantyx'' Fairmaire, 1884 *'' Cetonia'' Fabricius, 1775 *'' Chewia'' Legrand, 2004 *''

Chiloloba ''Chiloloba acuta'' is a species of flower chafer beetle and is the sole member of its genus. It is widely distributed in the Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Cosmesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Cosmiophaena'' Kraatz, 1899 *''

Dischista ''Dischista'' is a genus of beetles in the family Cetoniidae Flower chafers are a group of scarab beetles, comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for pollen and nectar, or to browse on the petals. Som ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Dolichostethus'' Kolbe, 1912 *'' Elaphinis'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Enoplotarsus'' Lucas, 1859 *'' Erlangeria'' Preiss, 1902 *''

Gametis ''Gametis'' is a genus of flower chafer with under 10 species in Asia. Species in the genus include: * '' Gametis andrewesi'' * '' Gametis bealiae'' * '' Gametis forticula'' * '' Gametis histrio'' * '' Gametis incongrua'' * '' Gametis ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Gametoides'' Antoine, 2006 *'' Glycosia'' Schoch, 1896 *'' Glycyphana'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Gymnophana'' Arrow, 1910 *'' Hemiprotaetia'' Mikšič, 1963 *'' Heteralleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 *'' Heterocnemis'' Albers, 1852 *'' Heterotephraea'' Antoine, 2002 *'' Lawangia'' Schenkling, 1921 *'' Lorkovitschia'' Mikšič, 1968 *'' Marmylida'' Thomson, 1880 *'' Mireia'' Ruter, 1953 *'' Niphobleta'' Kraatz, 1880 *''

Pachnoda ''Pachnoda'' is a genus of beetles from the subfamily Cetoniinae with nearly all of the species living in Africa. The limit of the genus is given by the presence of internal lobes in their aedeagi. Species List of species: * '' Pachnoda abyssi ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Pachnodoides'' Alexis & Delpont, 2002 *'' Paleopragma'' Thomson, 1880 *'' Paralleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 *'' Paranelaphinis'' Antoine, 1988 *'' Paraprotaetia'' Moser, 1907 *'' Pararhabdotis'' Kraatz, 1899 *'' Parastraella'' Antoine, 2006 *'' Parelaphinis'' Holm & Marais, 1989 *'' Phaneresthes'' Kraatz, 1894 *'' Phoxomeloides'' Schoch, 1898 *'' Podopholis'' Moser, 1915 *'' Podopogonus'' Moser, 1917 *''

Polybaphes ''Polybaphes'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. These species can be found in Africa. Beetles of ''Polybaphes'' species can fly fast with nearly closed elytra as their elytra h ...

'' Kirby, 1827 *'' Polystalactica'' Kraatz, 1882 *''

Protaetia ''Protaetia'' is a genus of beetles of the family Scarabaeidae, occurring primarily in Asia, and containing over 300 species. Selected species *'' Protaetia affinis'' (Andersch, 1797) *'' Protaetia afflicta'' (Gory & Percheron, 1833) *'' Protae ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 **'' Liocola'' Thomson, 1859 **'' Potosia'' Mulsant & Rey, 1871 *'' Protaetiomorpha'' Mikšič, 1968 *'' Pseudoprotaetia'' Kraatz, 1882 *'' Pseudotephraea'' Kraatz, 1882 *'' Reineria'' Mikšič, 1968 *''

Rhabdotis ''Rhabdotis'' is a genus of the family Scarabaeidae. It differs from '' Pachnoda'' by having the anterior edge of the clypeus tucked in and bilobed, a more elongated and oblique mesosternal projection, and a shiny green elytra punctate, striated ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Rhabdotops'' Krikken, 1981 *'' Rhyxiphloea'' Burmeister, 1842 (= "Rhixiphloea") *'' Simorrhina'' Kraatz, 1886 *'' Somalibia'' Lansberge, 1882 *'' Stalagmosoma'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Sternoplus'' Wallace, 1868 *'' Systellorhina'' Kraatz, 1895 *'' Tephraea'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Thyreogonia'' Reitter, 1898 *'' Trichocelis'' Moser, 1908 *'' Trichocephala'' Moser, 1916 *''

Tropinota ''Tropinota'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers in the beetle family Scarabaeidae. There are about 14 described species in ''Tropinota''. Species These 14 species belong to the genus ''Tropinota'': * ''Tropinota annabrunae'' (Crovetti, 19 ...

'' Mulsant, 1842 *''

Xeloma ''Xeloma'' are beetles from the subfamily Cetoniinae, tribe Cetoniini. The genus contains thirteen recognised species found in various countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Species *''Xeloma antoinei'' Beinhundner, 1999 *''Xeloma aspersa'' Périn ...

'' Kraatz, 1881 Subtribus Euphoriina *''

Euphoria Euphoria ( ) is the experience (or affect) of pleasure or excitement and intense feelings of well-being and happiness. Certain natural rewards and social activities, such as aerobic exercise, laughter, listening to or making music and da ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *''

Chlorixanthe ''Chlorixanthe'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers in the beetle Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing ...

'' Bates, 1889 Subtribus Leucocelina *'' Acrothyrea'' Kraatz, 1882 *'' Alleucosma'' Schenkling, 1921 *'' Amaurina'' Kolbe, 1895 *'' Analleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 *''

Cyrtothyrea ''Cyrtothyrea'' is a small genus of Afrotropical chafer beetles (Cetoniinae). They are about 9 mm in size, black in colour with white dots or lines on the thorax, elytra and abdomen. Each species has its own distinctive pattern. ''Cyrtothy ...

'' Kolbe, 1895 *'' Discopeltis'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Grammopyga'' Kraatz, 1895 *'' Heteralleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 *'' Homothyrea'' Kolbe, 1895 *'' Leucocelis'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Lonchothyrea'' Kolbe, 1895 *'' Mausoleopsis'' Lansberge, 1882 *'' Mecaspidiellus'' Antoine, 1997 *'' Molynoptera'' Kraatz, 1897 *'' Molynopteroides'' Antoine, 1989 *''

Oxythyrea The genus ''Oxythyrea'' consists of a number of chafer beetle species. Members are typically about 10–15 mm in size, and are usually black with white dots or lines on the thorax, elytra, and abdomen; each species has its own distinctive p ...

'' Mulsant, 1842 *'' Paleira'' Reiche, 1871 *'' Paralleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 *'' Phoxomela'' Schaum, 1844 *'' Pseudalleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 *'' Pseudooxythyrea'' Baraud, 1985

Tribus Cremastocheilini

Subtribus Aspilina *'' Aspilus'' Schaum, 1848 *'' Protochilus'' Krikken, 1976 Subtribus Coenochilina *'' Arielina'' Rossi, 1958 *'' Astoxenus'' Péringuey, 1907 *'' Basilewskynia'' Schein, 1957 *'' Coenochilus'' Schaum, 1841 *'' Ruterielina'' Rojkoff, 2010 Subtribus Cremastocheilina *'' Centrochilus'' Krikken, 1976 *'' Clinterocera'' Motschulsky, 1857 *'' Cremastocheilus'' Knoch, 1801 *'' Cyclidiellus'' Krikken, 1976 *'' Cyclidinus'' Westwood, 1874 *'' Cyclidius'' MacLeay, 1838 *'' Genuchinus'' Westwood, 1874 *''

Lissomelas ''Lissomelas'' is a genus of myermecophilic beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, containing a single described species, ''L. flohri''. References Further reading * * * Cetoniinae Articles created by Qbugbot Monotypic Scarabaeidae g ...

'' Bates, 1889 *'' Paracyclidius'' Howden, 1971 *'' Platysodes'' Westwood, 1873 *''

Psilocnemis ''Psilocnemis'' is a genus of myermecophilic beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, containing a single described species, ''P. leucosticta''. References Further reading * * * Cetoniinae Articles created by Qbugbot Monotypic Scarabae ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 Subtribus Cymophorina *'' Cymophorus'' Kirby, 1827 *'' Myrmecochilus'' Wasmann, 1900 *'' Rhagopteryx'' Burmeister, 1842 Subtribus Genuchina *'' Genuchus'' Kirby, 1825 *'' Meurguesia'' Ruter, 1969 *'' Problerhinus'' Deyrolle, 1864 Subtribus Goliathopsidina *'' Goliathopsis'' Janson, 1881 Subtribus Heterogeniina *'' Heterogenius'' Moser, 1911 Subtribus Lissogeniina *'' Chtonobius'' Burmeister, 1847 *'' Lissogenius'' Schaum, 1844 Subtribus Macromina *'' Brachymacroma'' Kraatz, 1896 *'' Campsiura'' Hope, 1831 *'' Macromina'' Westwood, 1874 *'' Pseudopilinurgus'' Moser, 1918 Subtribus Nyassinina *'' Nyassinus'' Westwood, 1879 Subtribus Oplostomatina *'' Anatonochilus'' Péringuey, 1907 *'' Laurentiana'' Ruter, 1952 *'' Oplostomus'' W.S. MacLeay, 1838 *'' Placodidus'' Péringuey, 1900 *'' Scaptobius'' Schaum, 1841 Subtribus Pilinurgina *'' Callynomes'' Mohnike, 1873 *'' Centrognathus'' Guérin-Méneville, 1840 *'' Parapilinurgus'' Arrow, 1910 *'' Periphanesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Pilinurgus'' Burmeister, 1842 Subtribus Spilophorina *'' Spilophorus'' Schaum, 1848 Subtribus Telochilina *'' Telochilus'' Krikken, 1975 Subtribus Trichoplina *'' Lecanoderus'' Kolbe, 1908 *'' Trichoplus'' Burmeister, 1842 Subtribus Trogodina *'' Pseudoscaptobius'' Krikken, 1976 *'' Trogodes'' Westwood, 1873

Tribus Diplognathini

*'' Anoplocheilus'' MacLeay, 1838 *'' Anthracophora'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Anthracophorides'' Moser, 1918 *'' Apocnosoides'' Antoine, 2001 *'' Charadronota'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Conradtia'' Kolbe, 1892 *'' Diphrontis'' Gerstäcker, 1882 *''

Diplognatha ''Diplognatha'' is a genus of beetle belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae subfamily. Description Species of this genus are of medium size (approx. 20–27 mm). The body is slightly oblong and flat, with a shiny surface, usually ...

'' Gory & Percheron, 1833 *'' Eriulis'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Hadrodiplognatha'' Kraatz, 1898 *'' Heteropseudinca'' Valck Lucassen, 1933 *'' Lamellothyrea'' Krikken, 1980 *'' Metallopseudinca'' Valck Lucassen, 1933 *'' Niphetophora'' Kraatz, 1883 *''

Odontorrhina ''Odontorrhina'' is a genus of flower chafer beetles comprising four species and two subspecies. The bodies of all species are heavily covered with small bristles (setae), and they are believed to be most closely related to the genus '' ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Parapoecilophila'' Hauser, 1904 *'' Phonopleurus'' Moser, 1919 *'' Pilinopyga'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Porphyronota'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Pseudinca'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Stethopseudinca'' Valck Lucassen, 1933 *'' Tetragonorhina'' Kraatz, 1896 (= "Tetragonorrhina") *''

Trichostetha ''Trichostetha'' (Greek 'hairy' + 'chest') is a genus of beetle in the scarab beetle family. It is endemic to southern Africa, and its species most commonly occur in mountainous terrain. The genus includes several species that have only recently ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Triplognatha'' Krikken, 1987 *'' Trymodera'' Gerstaecker, 1867 *'' Uloptera'' Burmeister, 1842

Tribus Goliathini

Subtribus Dicronocephalina *''

Dicronocephalus ''Dicronocephalus'' is a genus of mostly Asian beetles erected by Frederick William Hope in 1831.Hope FW (1831). Gray: Synopsis of the new species of Nepal Insects in the collection of Major General Hardwicke. ''Zoological Miscellany.'' London 1: ...

'' Hope, 1837 Subtribus Goliathina *'' Fornasinius'' Bertoloni, 1853 *'' Goliathus'' Lamarck, 1801 *'' Hegemus'' J. Thomson, 1881 *'' Hypselogenia'' Burmeister, 1840 Subtribus Ichnestomatina *'' Gariep'' Péringuey, 1907 *'' Ichnestoma'' Gory & Percheron, 1833 *'' Karooida'' Perissinotto, 2020 *'' Mzansica'' Perissinotto, 2020 *'' Paraxeloma'' Holm, 1988 Subtribus Rhomborhinina *'' Anagnathocera'' Arrow, 1922 *'' Anisorrhina'' Westwood, 1842 *'' Asthenorhella'' Westwood, 1874 (= "''Asthenorrhella''" Bergé, = "''Asthenorrhinella''" Schoch) *'' Asthenorhina'' Westwood, 1843 (= "''Asthenorrhina''" Gemminger & Harold) *'' Bietia'' Fairmaire, 1898 *'' Bothrorrhina'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Caelorrhina'' Hope, 1841 (= "''Coelorrhina''" Burmeister) *'' Cheirolasia'' Westwood, 1843 *'' Chloresthia'' Fairmaire, 1905 *''

Chlorocala ''Chlorocala'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Scarabaeidae. Description Species of the genus ''Chlorocala'' can reach a length of about . They have an elongated body with various shades of iridescent green, red or purple colours ...

'' Kirby, 1828 *''

Chondrorrhina ''Chondrorrhina'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. Species * '' Chondrorrhina abbreviata'' (Fabricius, 1792) * '' Chondrorrhina collinsi'' Allard, 1992 - Ethiopia * '' Chondror ...

'' Kraatz, 1880 *''

Compsocephalus ''Compsocephalus'' is a genus of flower chafers belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. These beetles are most commonly found in East Africa, more specifically Kenya. Appearance ''Compsocephalus'' are medium to large beetl ...

'' White, 1845 *'' Cosmiomorpha'' Saunders, 1854 *'' Cyphonocephalus'' Westwood, 1842 *'' Desfontainesia'' Alexis & Delpont, 1999 *'' Dicellachilus'' Waterhouse, 1905 *''

Dicheros ''Dicheros'' is a genus of beetle Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The ...

'' Gory & Percheron, 1833 *''

Dicronorhina ''Dicronorhina'' is a small genus of fairly large sub-Saharan flower chafers; the name has frequently been misspelled (as ''Dicronorrhina'' and ''Dicranorrhina'') following misspellings and unjustified replacement naming in 1841 and 1842. Descri ...

'' Hope, 1837 (= "''Dicranorrhina''" Burmeister, "''Dicronorrhina''" Burmeister) *'' Diphyllomorpha'' Hope, 1843 *'' Dymusia'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Euchloropus'' Arrow, 1907 *''

Eudicella ''Eudicella'' is a genus of small to medium beetles in the subfamily Cetoniinae, belonging to the wider family Scarabaeidae. They are distributed throughout the Afrotropical realm, including South Africa, Rwanda and Zimbabwe. Species * '' Eu ...

'' White, 1839 *'' Eutelesmus'' Waterhouse, 1880 *''

Gnathocera ''Gnathocera'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Scarabaeidae The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classificatio ...

'' Kirby, 1825 *'' Gnorimimelus'' Kaatz, 1880 *'' Hemiheterorrhina'' Mikšić, 1974 *'' Herculaisia'' Seilliere, 1910 *'' Heterorhina'' Westwood, 1842 (= "''Heterorrhina''") *'' Ingrisma'' Fairmaire, 1893 *'' Ischnoscelis'' Burmeister, 1842 Ischnocelis_hoepfneri_MHNT

*'' Jumnos'' Saunders, 1839 *''

Lansbergia ''Lansbergia'' is a genus of beetles in the family Scarabaeidae The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this ...

'' Ritsema, 1888 *'' Lophorrhina'' Westwood, 1842 *'' Lophorrhinides'' Perissinotto, Clennell & Beinhundner, 2019 *'' Mawenzhena'' Alexis & Delpont, 2001 *'' Mecynorhina'' Hope, 1837 *'' Moseriana'' Ruter, 1965 *'' Mystroceros'' Burmeister, 1842 *''

Narycius ''Narycius opalus'' is a flower chafer beetle that is endemic to the Western Ghats of India. It is the sole species in the genus. The adult male has a prominent projection on the head, while the female has a much shorter horn. This structure is ...

'' Dupont, 1835 *'' Neomystroceros'' Alexis & Delpont, 1998 *''

Neophaedimus ''Neophaedimus'' is a genus of beetle Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. T ...

'' Schoch, 1894 *''

Neoscelis ''Neoscelis'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Scarabaeidae The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification ...

'' Schoch, 1897 *''

Pedinorrhina ''Pedinorrhina'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae, found in Africa.Serrano, A. R. M., Capela, R. A., Nunes, T. & Santos, C. Van-Dú-Nem Neto (2020) The rose chafers (Coleoptera: Sc ...

'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Petrovitzia'' Mikšić, 1965 *''

Plaesiorrhina ''Chondrorrhina'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. Species * '' Chondrorrhina abbreviata'' (Fabricius, 1792) * '' Chondrorrhina collinsi'' Allard, 1992 - Ethiopia * '' Chondrorr ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Platynocephalus'' Westwood, 1854 *'' Priscorrhina'' Krikken, 1984 *'' Pseudodiceros'' Mikšić, 1974 *''

Pseudotorynorrhina ''Pseudotorynorrhina'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers in the beetle Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distingu ...

'' Mikšič, 1967 *'' Ptychodesthes'' Kraatz, 1883 *'' Raceloma'' J. Thomson, 1877 *''

Rhamphorrhina ''Rhamphorrhina'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the subfamily Cetoniinae. The species of this genus are found in Southern Africa. Species: * ''Rhamphorrhina bertolonii'' (Lucas, 1879) * ''Rhamphorrhina splendens'' (Bertoloni, 1855) Refe ...

'' Klug, 1855 *'' Rhinarion'' Ruter, 1965 *''

Rhomborhina ''Rhomborhina'' is a genus of large Scarabaeidae, scarab beetles described by Hope in 1837. They are members of the subfamily Cetoniinae. They mostly live in East Asia, East and South Asia. The name is frequently misspelled as ''Rhomborrhina'' fo ...

'' Hope 1837 (= "''Rhomborrhina''" Burmeister) *'' Scythropesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Smicorhina'' Westwood, 1847 *'' Spelaiorrhina'' Lansberge, 1886 *''

Stephanorrhina ''Stephanorrhina'' is a genus of the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae and tribe Goliathini. Description and Distribution The basic colours of the species belonging to this genus vary from purple to light-green, usually with bright ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *''

Taurhina ''Taurhina'' is a genus of beetle belonging to the family Scarabaeidae The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification o ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 (= "''Taurrhina''" Kraatz) *''

Tmesorrhina ''Tmesorrhina'' is a genus of beetle belonging to the family Scarabaeidae The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classificatio ...

'' Westwood, 1842 *''

Torynorrhina ''Torynorrhina'' is genus of beetles belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. This genus is closely related to the genus '' Rhomborhina''. They can be separated only by examining the difference on the mesosternal process. Spe ...

'' Arrow, 1907 *'' Trichoneptunides'' Legrand, 2001 *'' Trigonophorinus'' Pouillaude, 1913 *'' Trigonophorus'' Hope, 1831

Tribus Gymnetini

Subtribus Blaesiina *''

Blaesia ''Blaesia'' is a genus of beetle of the subfamily Cetoniinae in the family Scarabaeidae. Its two species are found in southern South America. It is one of two genera in the subtribe Blaesiina. References Cetoniinae Beetles described in ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Halffterinetis'' Morón and Nogueira, 2007 Subtribus

Gymnetina ''Gymnetina'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers in the family of beetles known as Scarabaeidae. There are about six described species in ''Gymnetina''. Species These six species belong to the genus ''Gymnetina'': * '' Gymnetina alboscripta ...

*'' Allorhina'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Amazula'' Kraatz, 1882 *'' Amithao'' J. Thomson, 1878 *''

Argyripa ''Argyripa'' is a genus of flower chafer belonging to the family Scarabaeidae The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classifica ...

'' J. Thomson, 1878 *'' Astrocara'' Schürhoff, 1937 *'' Badelina'' J. Thomson, 1880 *'' Balsameda'' J. Thomson, 1880 *'' Chiriquiba'' Bates, 1889 *''

Clinteria ''Clinteria'' is a genus of scarab beetles in the subfamily Cetoniinae found in Asia. The genus is characterized by the scutellum fused with the pronotum. Species '' Clinteria alboguttata'' Moser, 1905 '' Clinteria alexisi'' Antoine, 2001 '' C ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Clinteroides'' Schoch, 1898 *''

Cotinis ''Cotinis'' is a genus of scarab beetles in the subfamily Cetoniinae found throughout North and South America. At least two species ('' Cotinis mutabilis'' and '' Cotinis nitida'') are common pests. The genus was erected by Hermann Burmeister ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Desicasta'' J. Thomson, 1878 *'' Guatemalica'' Poll, 1886 *''

'' Casey, 1915 *''

Gymnetis ''Gymnetis'' is a genus of beetles of the family Scarabaeidae and subfamily Cetoniinae Flower chafers are a group of scarab beetles, comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for pollen and nectar, or ...

'' MacLeay, 1819 Gymnetis_stellata_MHNT

*'' Gymnetosoma'' Martínez, 1949 *'' Hadrosticta'' Kraatz, 1892 *'' Heterocotinis'' Martínez, 1949 *''

Hologymnetis ''Hologymnetis'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers in the family Scarabaeidae. There are about eight described species in the genus ''Hologymnetis''. Species These eight species belong to the genus ''Hologymnetis'': * '' Hologymnetis ...

'' Martínez, 1949 (synonym = ''Cineretis'' Schürhoff, 1937) *''

Hoplopyga ''Hoplopyga'' is a genus of beetles of the family Scarabaeidae. These beetles can be found in Central and South America. Species * '' Hoplopyga albiventris'' (Gory & Percheron, 1833) * '' Hoplopyga boliviensis'' Moser, 1918 * '' Hoplopyga bras ...

'' J. Thomson, 1880 *'' Hoplopygothrix'' Schürhoff, 1933 *'' Jansonella'' Blackwelder, 1944 *'' Macrocranius'' Schürhoff, 1935 *'' Marmarina'' Kirby, 1827 *'' Neocorvicoana'' Ratcliffe & Micó, 2001 *'' Stethodesma'' Bainbridge, 1840 *'' Tiarocera'' Burmeister, 1842

Tribus Phaedimini

*''

Phaedimus ''Phaedimus'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae Flower chafers are a group of scarab beetles, comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for pollen and ne ...

'' Waterhouse, 1841 *'' Hemiphaedimus'' Mikšič, 1972 *'' Philistina'' W.S. MacLeay, 1838 *'' Theodosia'' J. Thomson, 1880

Tribus Schizorhinini

Subtribus Lomapterina *''

Agestrata ''Agestrata'' is a genus of scarab beetles (insects of the family Scarabaeidae The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classifi ...

'' Eschscholtz, 1829 *''

Ischiopsopha ''Ischiopsopha'' are beetles from the subfamily Cetoniinae, tribe Schizorhinini. The genus was created by Raffaello Gestro in 1874. The type species of the genus is ''Cetonia bifasciata'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1824. These cetoniids have the tip of the ...

'' Gestro, 1874 *''

Lomaptera ''Lomaptera'' are beetles from the subfamily Cetoniinae, tribe Schizorhinini. The genus was created by Gory & Percheron, in 1833. The type species of the genus is ''Cetonia papua'' Guérin-Méneville, 1830. These cetoniids have the tip of the ...

'' Gory & Percheron, 1833 *'' Lomapteroides'' Schoch, 1898 *'' Megaphonia'' Schürhoff, 1933 *'' Morokia'' Janson, 1905 *'' Mycterophallus'' Van de Poll, 1886 Subtribus Schizorhinina *'' Anacamptorrhina'' Blanchard, 1842 *'' Aphanesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Axillonia'' Krikken, 2018 *'' Bisallardiana'' Antoine, 2003 *'' Chalcopharis'' Heller, 1901 *''

Chlorobapta ''Chlorobapta'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. References Scarabaeidae genera Cetoniinae {{Cetoniinae-stub ...

'' Kraatz, 1880 *''

Chondropyga ''Chondropyga'' is a genus of scarab beetles native to eastern Australia. Species * '' Chondropyga allardi'' Rigout, 1997 * '' Chondropyga dorsalis'' (Donovan, 1805) * '' Chondropyga frenchi'' Schoch, 1898 * '' Chondropyga gulosa'' (Janson, 18 ...

'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Clithria'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Diaphonia'' Newman, 1840 *'' Digenethle'' Thomson, 1877 *''

Dilochrosis ''Dilochrosis'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae Flower chafers are a group of scarab beetles, comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for pollen and ...

'' Thomson, 1878 *'' Eupoecila'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Grandaustralis'' Hutchinson & Moeseneder, 2013 *'' Hemichnoodes'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Hemipharis'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Lenosoma'' Macleay, 1863 *'' Lethosesthes'' Thomson, 1880 *'' Lyraphora'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Macrotina'' Strand, 1934 *'' Metallesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Microdilochrosis'' Jákl, 2009 *'' Microlomaptera'' Kraatz, 1885 *'' Micropoecila'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Navigator'' Hutchinson & Moeseneder, 2016 *'' Neoclithria'' Van de Poll, 1886 *'' Neorrhina'' J. Thomson, 1878 *'' Octocollis'' Moeseneder & Hutchinson, 2012 *'' Panglaphyra'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Peotoxus'' Krikken, 1983 *'' Phyllopodium'' Schoch, 1895 *'' Platedelosis'' Kraatz, 1880 *''

Poecilopharis ''Poecilopharis'' are beetles from the subfamily Cetoniinae, tribe Schizorhinini. The genus was created by Ernst Gustav Kraatz in 1880. The type of the genus is the species ''Schizorhina bouruensis'' Wallace, 1867. Metallic green in colour, oft ...

'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Pseudoclithria'' Van de Poll, 1886 *'' Schizorhina'' Kirby, 1825 *'' Schochidia'' Berg, 1898 *'' Stenopisthes'' Moser, 1913 *'' Storeyus'' Hasenpusch & Moeseneder 2010 *'' Tafaia'' Valck Lucassen, 1939 *'' Tapinoschema'' Thomson, 1880 *'' Territonia'' Krikken, 2018 *'' Trichaulax'' Kraatz, 1880

Tribus Stenotarsiini

Subtribus Anochiliina *'' Anochilia'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Epistalagma'' Fairmaire, 1880 Subtribus Chromoptiliina *'' Chromoptilia'' Westwood, 1842 *'' Descarpentriesia'' Ruter, 1964 Subtribus Coptomiina *'' Bricoptis'' Burmeister, 1842 *''

Coptomia ''Coptomia'' is a genus of flower chafers, a group of scarab beetles, comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae Flower chafers are a group of scarab beetles, comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for poll ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Coptomiopsis'' Pouillaude, 1919 *'' Euchilia'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Euryomia'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Heterocranus'' Bourgoin, 1919 *'' Hiberasta'' Fairmaire, 1901 *'' Hyphelithia'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Liostraca'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Micreuchilia'' Pouillaude, 1917 *'' Micropeltus'' Blanchard, 1842 *'' Pareuchilia'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Pseudeuryomia'' Kraatz, 1894 *'' Pygora'' Burmeister, 1842 *''

Pyrrhopoda ''Pyrrhopoda'' is a genus of flower chafers, a group of Scarabaeidae, scarab beetles, comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae. Species are found in East Africa. References External links * * ''Pyrrhopoda'' at insectoid.info
Scarabaei ...

'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Vieuella'' Ruter, 1964 Subtribus Doryscelina *'' Doryscelis'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Epixanthis'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Hemiaspidius'' Krikken, 1982 *'' Parepixanthis'' Kraatz, 1893 *'' Pseudepixanthis'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Rhynchocephala'' Fairmaire, 1883 Subtribus Euchroeina *''

Euchroea ''Euchroea'' is a genus of beetles of the family Scarabaeidae and subfamily Cetoniinae. It originates in Madagascar. Species * ''Euchroea abdominalis'' Gory & Percheron, 1835 * ''Euchroea anthracina'' Brancsik, 1892 * ''Euchroea auripigmenta'' ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 Subtribus Heterophanina *'' Heterophana'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Oxypelta'' Pouillaude, 1920 *'' Pogonotarsus'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Zebinus'' Fairmaire, 1894 Subtribus Heterosomatina *'' Heterosoma'' Schaum, 1845 *'' Plochilia'' Fairmaire, 1896 Subtribus Pantoliina *'' Bonoraella'' Ruter, 1978 *'' Celidota'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Cyriodera'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Dirrhina'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Hemilia'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Lucassenia'' Olsoufieff, 1940 *'' Moriaphila'' Kraatz, 1880 *''

Pantolia ''Pantolia flavomarginata'' is a species of beetles belonging the family Scarabaeidae. Distribution This species is present in Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Mada ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Tetraodorhina'' Blanchard, 1842 Subtribus Parachilina *'' Parachilia'' Burmeister, 1842 Subtribus Stenotarsiina *'' Callipechis'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Ischnotarsia'' Kraatz, 1880 *'' Rhadinotaenia'' Kraatz, 1900 *'' Stenotarsia'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Vadonidella'' Ruter, 1973

Tribus Taenioderini

*'' Anocoela'' Moser, 1914 *'' Bacchusia'' Mikšic, 1976 *'' Bombodes'' Westwood, 1848 *'' Carneluttia'' Mikšic, 1976 *''

Chalcothea ''Chalcothea'' is a genus of flower chafers belonging to the family of scarab beetles in tribe Taenioderini. Description These beetles can reach a length of . The body is oblong, with distinct "neck" between head and pronotum. Elytra are metal ...

'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Chalcotheomima'' Mikšic, 1970 *'' Clerota'' Burmeister, 1842 *''

Coilodera ''Coilodera'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae. Species * '' Coilodera alexisi'' Krajcik, 2000 * '' Coilodera alveata'' (Janson, 1884) * '' Coilodera arnaudi'' Jakl & Krajcik, 2004 * ''Coilod ...

'' Hope, 1831 *'' Costinota'' Schürhoff, 1933 *'' Eumacronota'' Mikšic, 1976 *'' Euremina'' Wallace, 1867 *'' Euselates'' Thomson, 1880 *'' Glyptothea'' Bates, 1889 *'' Glyptotheomima'' Mikšic, 1976 *'' Gnorimidia'' van Lansberge, 1887 *'' Hemichalcothea'' Mikšic, 1970 *'' Ixorida'' Thomson, 1880 **'' Mecinonota'' Kraatz, 1892 **'' Oncosterna'' Thomson, 1880 **'' Pseudomecinonota'' Miksic, 1972 *'' Macronotops'' Krikken, 1977 *'' Meroloba'' Thomson, 1880 *'' Microchalcothea'' Moser, 1910 *'' Penthima'' Kraatz, 1892 *'' Plectrone'' Wallace, 1867 *'' Pleuronota'' Kraatz, 1892 *'' Pseudochalcothea'' Ritsema, 1882 *'' Taeniodera'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Xenoloba'' Bates, 1889 Gnorimella maculosa (Knoch)

Tribus Trichiini

Subtribus Cryptodontina *'' Coelocorynus'' Kolbe, 1895 *'' Cryptodontes'' Burmeister, 1847 Subtribus Incaina *'' Golinca'' Thomson, 1878 *'' Inca'' Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 *'' Pantodinus'' Burmeister, 1847 Subtribus Osmodermatina *'' Osmoderma'' Lepeletier & Serville, 1825 *'' Platygeniops'' Krikken, 1978 Subtribus Platygeniina *'' Platygenia'' MacLeay, 1819 Subtribus Trichiina *'' Agnorimus'' Miyake et al., 1991 *'' Apeltastes'' Howden, 1968 *'' Brachagenius'' Kraatz, 1890 *'' Calometopidius'' Bourgoin, 1917 *'' Calometopus'' Blanchard, 1850 *'' Campulipus'' Kirby, 1827 *'' Chaetodermina'' Heller, 1921 *'' Clastocnemis'' Burmeister, 1840 *'' Coelocratus'' Burmeister, 1841 *'' Corynotrichius'' Kolbe, 1891 *'' Dialithus'' Parry, 1849 *'' Diploa'' Kolbe, 1892 *'' Diploeida'' Péringuey, 1907 *'' Elpidus'' Péringuey, 1907 *'' Endoxazus'' Kolbe, 1892 *'' Epitrichius'' Tagawa, 1941 *'' Eriopeltastes'' Burmeister, 1840 *''

Giesbertiolus ''Giesbertiolus'' is a genus of scarab beetle belonging to the subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standar ...

'' Howden, 1988 *'' Glaphyronyx'' Moser, 1924 *''

Gnorimella ''Gnorimella'' is a genus of uncommon scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. There is only one species in this genus, ''Gnorimella maculosa'', also known as the maculate flower scarab. Its name refers to its spotted (maculate) patterning. It ...

'' Casey, 1915 *'' Gnorimus'' Lepeletier & Serville, 1825 *'' Incala'' J. Thomson, 1858 *'' Incalidia'' Janson, 1907 *'' Liotrichius'' Kolbe, 1892 *'' Myodermides'' Ruter, 1964 *'' Myodermum'' Burmeister, 1840 *'' Paragnorimus'' Becker, 1910 *'' Paratrichius'' Janson, 1881 *'' Peltotrichius'' Howden, 1968 *'' Pileotrichius'' Bourgoin, 1921 *'' Polyplastus'' Janson, 1880 *'' Stegopterus'' Burmeister, 1840 *'' Stripsipher'' Gory & Percheron, 1833 *'' Trichiomorphus'' Bourgoin, 1919 *''

Trichiotinus ''Trichiotinus'' is a genus of fruit and flower chafers in the family Scarabaeidae. There are about 8 described species in ''Trichiotinus'', all native to the New World. Species * '' Trichiotinus affinis'' (Gory & Percheron, 1833) * '' Trichio ...

'' Casey, 1915 *''

Trichius The bee beetles are scarab beetles of the subfamily Cetoniinae. They have hairy sides of the elytra like their relatives, and the upper sides of the elytra are usually yellow with prominent black blotches which form incomplete bands. This, and ...

'' Fabricius, 1787 *'' Trigonopeltastes'' Burmeister, 1840 *'' Xiphoscelidus'' Péringuey, 1907

Tribus Valgini

Subtribe Microvalgina *'' Ischnovalgus'' Kolbe, 1897 *'' Microvalgus'' Kraatz, 1883 *'' Stenovalgus'' Kolbe, 1892 Subtribe Valgina *'' Acanthovalgus'' Kraatz, 1895 *'' Bivalgus'' Paulian, 1961 *'' Chaetovalgus'' Moser, 1914 *'' Charitovalgus'' Kolbe, 1904 *'' Chromovalgus'' Kolbe, 1897 *'' Comythovalgus'' Kolbe, 1897 *'' Cosmovalgus'' Kolbe, 1897 *'' Dasyvalgoides'' Endrödi, 1952 *'' Dasyvalgus'' Kolbe, 1904 *'' Euryvalgus'' Moser, 1908 *'' Excisivalgus'' Endrödi, 1952 *'' Heterovalgus'' Krikken, 1978 *'' Homovalgus'' Kolbe, 1897 *'' Hoplitovalgus'' Kolbe, 1904 *'' Hybovalgus'' Kolbe, 1904 *'' Idiovalgus'' Arrow, 1910 *'' Lepivalgus'' Moser, 1914 *'' Lobovalgus'' Kolbe, 1897 *'' Mimovalgus'' Arrow, 1944 *'' Oedipovalgus'' Kolbe, 1897 *'' Oreoderus'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Oreovalgus'' Kolbe, 1904 *'' Podovalgus'' Arrow, 1910 *'' Pygovalgus'' Kolbe, 1884 *'' Sphinctovalgus'' Kolbe, 1904 *'' Tibiovalgus'' Kolbe, 1904 *'' Valgoides'' Fairmaire, 1899 *'' Valgus'' Scriba, 1790 *'' Xenoreoderus'' Arrow, 1910 *'' Yanovalgus'' Nomura, 1952

Tribus Xiphoscelidini

*'' Aporecolpa'' van Lansberge, 1886 *'' Callophylla'' Moser, 1916 *'' Heteroclita'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Ischnostomiella'' Krikken, 1978 *'' Meridioclita'' Krikken, 1982 *'' Myodermidius'' Bourgoin, 1920 *'' Neoclita'' Perissinotto, 2017 *'' Oroclita'' Krikken, 1982 *'' Plochiliana'' Ruter, 1978 *'' Protoclita'' Krikken, 1978 *'' Rhinocoeta'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Scheinia'' Ruter, 1958 *'' Xiphoscelis'' Burmeister, 1842 *'' Xiphosceloides'' Holm, 1992

References

*Evans, Arthur W
Generic Guide to New World Scarabs
*Orozco, Jesus
American Cetoniinae
*Sakai, K. & S. Nagai, 1998. ''The cetoniine Beetles of the Wor''ld. Tokyo: Mushi-Sha. 421p Excellent illustrations of most species. *White, Richard E. (1998). ''Beetles : A Field Guide to the Beetles of North America''. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. .

External links

Illustrated key to South Asian chafers

Punctate Flower Chafer Factfile

Gallery

African Cetoniinae website. Literature page.
flickr
tagged images.

by Oz Rittner {{DEFAULTSORT:Flower Chafer Scarabaeidae Polyphaga subfamilies