''Ceratodus'' (from el, κέρας , 'horn' and el, ὀδούς 'tooth') was a wide-ranging genus of extinct

lungfish Lungfish are freshwater vertebrates belonging to the order Dipnoi. Lungfish are best known for retaining ancestral characteristics within the Osteichthyes, including the ability to breathe air, and ancestral structures within Sarcopterygii, i ...

. Fossil evidence dates back to the

Early Triassic The Early Triassic is the first of three epochs of the Triassic Period of the geologic timescale. It spans the time between Ma and Ma (million years ago). Rocks from this epoch are collectively known as the Lower Triassic Series, which is a un ...

. A wide range of fossil species from different time periods have been found around the world in places such as the

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Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is t ...

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China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

, and

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.Agnolin, F. L., Mateus O., Milàn J., Marzola M., Wings O., Adolfssen J. S., & Clemmensen L. B. (2018). Ceratodus tunuensis, sp. nov., a new lungfish (Sarcopterygii, Dipnoi) from the Upper Triassic of central East Greenland. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e1439834 ''Ceratodus'' is believed to have become extinct sometime around the beginning of the

Eocene The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene' ...

Epoch. The closest living relative of ''Ceratodus'' is thought to be the

Queensland lungfish The Australian lungfish (''Neoceratodus forsteri''), also known as the Queensland lungfish, Burnett salmon and barramunda, is the only surviving member of the family Neoceratodontidae. It is one of only six extant lungfish species in the world. ...

, ''Neoceratodus forsteri'', which means "new ''Ceratodus''" in Greek.

Species

* ''C. latissimus'' Agassiz, 1837 ( type) * ''C. eruciferus''

Cope The cope (known in Latin as ''pluviale'' 'rain coat' or ''cappa'' 'cape') is a liturgical vestment, more precisely a long mantle or cloak, open in front and fastened at the breast with a band or clasp. It may be of any liturgical colours, litu ...

, 1876 (''nomen dubium'') * ''C. hieroglyphus''

, 1876 (''nomen dubium'') * '' C. robustus'' Knight, 1898 * ''C. africanus'' Haug, 1905 * ''C. humei'' Priem, 1914 * ''C. elegans'' Vollrath, 1923 * ''C. frazieri''

Ostrom Ostrom or Öström is a Swedish surname meaning "island stream". Many of the Ostroms in North America are descendants of a Dutch immigrant to New Amsterdam in the 1600's. The name was van Oosteroom and originated in the area of Utrecht and sever ...

, 1970 * ''C. gustasoni'' Kirkland, 1987 * '' C. fossanovum'' Kirkland, 1998 *'' C. stewarti'' Milner and Kirkland, 2006 * '' C. texanus'' Parris ''et al.'', 2011 * '' C. carteri'' Main ''et al.'', 2014 * '' C. kranzi'' Frederickson ''et al.'', 2016 * ''C. kirklandi'' Frederickson & Cifelli, 2016 * ''C. molossus'' Frederickson & Cifelli, 2016 * ''C. kempae'' Frederickson & Cifelli, 2016 * ''C. nirumbee'' Frederickson & Cifelli, 2016 * ''C. tunuensis'' Agnolin ''et al.'', 2018 * ''C. guanganensis'' Wang ''et al.'', 2022

Gallery

File:Ceratodus tooth plates.JPG, ''Ceratodus'' tooth plates File:Ceratodus BW.jpg, ''Ceratodus''

References

Ceratodus
at The Paleobiology Database Mesozoic bony fish Prehistoric lungfish genera Fossil taxa described in 1837 Paleocene fish Cloverly fauna Cretaceous fish Jurassic fish Triassic fish Eocene fish Taxa named by Louis Agassiz Prehistoric fish of Asia {{Triassic-fish-stub