The cosmopolitan
bee
Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey. Bees are a monophyly, monophyletic lineage within the ...
genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar
carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 subgenera. They make nests in dead wood, stems, or pith, and while many are solitary, a number are
subsocial
Sociality is the degree to which individuals in an animal population tend to associate in social groups (gregariousness) and form cooperative societies.
Sociality is a survival response to evolutionary pressures. For example, when a mother wasp ...
, with mothers caring for their larvae, and in a few cases where multiple females are found in a single nest, daughters or sisters may form very small, weakly
eusocial colonies (where one bee forages and the other remains in the nest and lays eggs). One species is unique for having both social and asocial populations, ''
Ceratina australensis'', which exhibits all of the pre-adaptations for successful group living. This species is socially polymorphic with both solitary and social nests collected in
sympatry
In biology, two related species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter one another. An initially interbreeding population that splits into two or more distinct species sh ...
. Social colonies in that species consist of two foundresses, one contributing both foraging and reproductive effort and the second which remains at the nest as a passive guard. Cooperative nesting provides no overt reproductive benefits over solitary nesting in this population, although brood survival tends to be greater in social colonies. Maternal longevity, subsociality and
bivoltine nesting
phenology
Phenology is the study of periodic events in biological life cycles and how these are influenced by seasonality, seasonal and interannual variations in climate, as well as environmental factor, habitat factors (such as elevation).
Examples includ ...
in this species favour colony formation, while dispersal habits and offspring longevity may inhibit more frequent social nesting in this and other ceratinines.
''Ceratina'' are commonly dark, shining, even metallic bees, with fairly sparse body hairs and a weak
scopa on the hind tibia. Most species have some yellow markings, most often restricted to the face, but often elsewhere on the body. They are very commonly mistaken for "sweat bees" (family
Halictidae), due to their small size, metallic coloration, and some similarity in wing venation; they can be easily separated from halictids by the mouthparts (with a long glossa) and the hindwings (with a tiny jugal lobe).
[Small carpenter bees, ''Ceratina'' spp.]
Featured Creatures. University of Florida IFAS. Publication EENY-101, Revised June, 2014.
In ''
Ceratina nigrolabiata'', a
Mediterranean
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the e ...
species, males may guard the opening to the nest of a female they hope to mate with, and are often not the father of the brood within the nest; this is the first bee species in which male nest-guarding has been classified as a form of biparental care, but males guarding nests and mating with females has been documented in other species (e.g., ''
Macrotera portalis
''Macrotera portalis'' is a species of communal, ground nesting, partially bivoltine bees found in arid grasslands and desert regions of North America. An oligolectic bee, ''M. portalis'' gathers pollen only from plants in the genus ''Sphaeralcea ...
''
).
A few species of ''Ceratina'' are exceptional among bees in that they are
parthenogenetic
Parthenogenesis (; from the Greek grc, παρθένος, translit=parthénos, lit=virgin, label=none + grc, γένεσις, translit=génesis, lit=creation, label=none) is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development ...
, reproducing without males.
Species
* ''
Ceratina acantha''
Provancher, 1895
* ''
Ceratina accusator''
Cockerell, 1919
* ''
Ceratina acuta''
Friese, 1896
* ''
Ceratina aeneiceps''
Friese, 1917
* ''
Ceratina aenescens''
Friese, 1917
* ''
Ceratina aereola''
Vachal, 1903
* ''
Ceratina aetana''
Shiokawa, 2006
* ''
Ceratina ahngeri''
Kokujev, 1905
* ''
Ceratina albopicta''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina albosticta''
Cockerell, 1931
* ''
Ceratina alexandrae''
Baker, 2002
* ''
Ceratina aliceae''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina allodapoides''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina aloes''
Cockerell, 1932
* ''
Ceratina angulata''
Roig-Alsina, 2013
* ''
Ceratina apacheorum
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Daly, 1973
* ''
Ceratina apatela''
Engel, 2018
* ''
Ceratina arabiae''
(Daly, 1983)
* ''
Ceratina arizonensis''
Cockerell, 1898
* ''
Ceratina armata''
Smith, 1854
* ''
Ceratina aspera''
Schrottky, 1902
* ''
Ceratina asunciana''
Strand, 1910
* ''
Ceratina asuncionis''
Strand, 1910
* ''
Ceratina atopura''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina atra''
Friese, 1917
* ''
Ceratina atrata''
H. S. Smith, 1907
* ''
Ceratina augochloroides''
Ducke, 1911
* ''
Ceratina auriviridis''
H. S. Smith, 1907
* ''
Ceratina australensis''
(Perkins, 1912)
* ''
Ceratina azteca''
Cresson, 1878
* ''
Ceratina azurea
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Benoist, 1955
* ''
Ceratina ballotae''
Eardley & Daly, 2007
* ''
Ceratina barbarae''
Eardley & Daly, 2007
* ''
Ceratina basaltica''
Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022
* ''
Ceratina beata''
Cameron, 1897
* ''
Ceratina belizensis''
Baker, 1907
* ''
Ceratina belliata''
Shiokawa, 2008
* ''
Ceratina benguetensis''
Cockerell, 1916
* ''
Ceratina bhawani''
Bingham, 1908
* ''
Ceratina bicolorata''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina bicuneata''
Cockerell, 1918
* ''
Ceratina bifida''
Friese, 1900
* ''
Ceratina biguttulata''
(Moure, 1941)
* ''
Ceratina bilobata''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina binghami''
Cockerell, 1908
* ''
Ceratina bispinosa''
Handlirsch, 1889
* ''
Ceratina boninensis''
Yasumatsu, 1955
* ''
Ceratina braunsi''
Eardley & Daly, 2007
* ''
Ceratina braunsiana''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina breviceps''
Michener, 1954
* ''
Ceratina bryanti''
Cockerell, 1919
* ''
Ceratina buscki''
Cockerell, 1919
* ''
Ceratina calcarata''
Robertson, 1900
* ''
Ceratina callosa''
(Fabricius, 1794)
* ''
Ceratina canaliculata
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Roig-Alsina, 2016
* ''
Ceratina canarensis''
Cockerell, 1919
* ''
Ceratina capitosa''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina carinifrons''
Baker, 2002
* ''
Ceratina catamarcensis''
Schrottky, 1907
* ''
Ceratina caveata''
Roig-Alsina, 2013
* ''
Ceratina cavifrons''
Shiokawa, 2006
* ''
Ceratina chalcea''
Spinola, 1841
* ''
Ceratina chalcites''
Germar, 1839
* ''
Ceratina chalybea''
Chevrier, 1872
* ''
Ceratina chiangmaiensis''
Warrit et al., 2012
* ''
Ceratina chinensis
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
(Wu, 1963)
* ''
Ceratina chloris''
(Fabricius, 1804)
* ''
Ceratina christellae''
Terzo, 1998
* ''
Ceratina chrysocephala''
Cockerell, 1912
* ''
Ceratina chrysomalla''
Gerstäcker, 1869
* ''
Ceratina citrinifrons
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina citriphila''
Cockerell, 1935
* ''
Ceratina cladura''
Cockerell, 1919
* ''
Ceratina claripennis''
Friese, 1917
* ''
Ceratina cobaltina''
Cresson, 1878
* ''
Ceratina cockerelli
''Ceratina cockerelli'' is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae. It is found in the Caribbean Sea
The Caribbean Sea ( es, Mar Caribe; french: Mer des Caraïbes; ht, Lanmè Karayib; jam, Kiaribiyan Sii; nl, Caraïbische Zee; ...
''
H. S. Smith, 1907
* ''
Ceratina cognata''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina collusor''
Cockerell, 1919
* ''
Ceratina combinata''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina compacta''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina congoensis''
Meunier, 1890
* ''
Ceratina coptica''
Baker, 2002
* ''
Ceratina corinna''
Nurse, 1904
* ''
Ceratina correntina''
Schrottky, 1907
* ''
Ceratina cosmiocephala''
Cameron, 1908
* ''
Ceratina crassiceps
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Friese, 1925
* ''
Ceratina crewi''
Cockerell, 1903
* ''
Ceratina cucurbitina''
(Rossi, 1792)
* ''
Ceratina cupreiventris''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina cuprifrons''
Strand, 1910
* ''
Ceratina currani''
Schwarz, 1934
* ''
Ceratina cyanea
''Ceratina cyanea'', common name blue carpenter bee, is a species of bee belonging to the family Apidae, subfamily Xylocopinae.
Distribution
This species is present in most of Western Europe, in North West Africa and in the eastern Palearctic ...
''
(Kirby, 1802)
* ''
Ceratina cyanicollis''
Schrottky, 1902
* ''
Ceratina cyaniventris''
Cresson, 1865
* ''
Ceratina cyanura''
Cockerell, 1918
* ''
Ceratina cypriaca''
Mavromoustakis, 1954
* ''
Ceratina dallatorreana''
Friese, 1896
* ''
Ceratina dalyi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Terzo, 1998
* ''
Ceratina daressalamica''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina darwini
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina demotica''
Baker, 2002
* ''
Ceratina denesi''
Terzo, 1998
* ''
Ceratina dentipes''
Friese, 1914
* ''
Ceratina dentiventris''
Gerstäcker, 1869
* ''
Ceratina diligens''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina diloloensis''
Cockerell, 1932
* ''
Ceratina dimidiata''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina diodonta''
H. S. Smith, 1907
* ''
Ceratina duckei
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina dupla''
Say, 1837
* ''
Ceratina egeria''
Nurse, 1904
* ''
Ceratina electron
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina elisabethae''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina emeiensis''
Wu, 2000
* ''
Ceratina ericia''
Vachal, 1903
* ''
Ceratina esakii''
Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1969
* ''
Ceratina excavata''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina eximia''
Smith, 1862
* ''
Ceratina fastigiata''
Fox, 1896
* ''
Ceratina ferghanica''
Morawitz, 1875
* ''
Ceratina fimbriata''
Roig-Alsina, 2013
* ''
Ceratina fioreseana''
Oliveira, 2020
* ''
Ceratina flavipes''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina flavolateralis''
Cockerell, 1916
* ''
Ceratina flavopicta''
Smith, 1858
* ''
Ceratina floridana''
Mitchell, 1962
* ''
Ceratina foveifera''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina fuliginosa''
Cockerell, 1916
* ''
Ceratina fulvitarsis''
Friese, 1925
* ''
Ceratina fulvofasciata''
Ducke, 1908
* ''
Ceratina fumipennis''
Friese, 1917
* ''
Ceratina glossata''
Michener, 1954
* ''
Ceratina gnoma''
Eardley & Daly, 2007
* ''
Ceratina gomphrenae''
Schrottky, 1909
* ''
Ceratina gossypii''
Schrottky, 1907
* ''
Ceratina grandis''
Shiokawa, 2015
* ''
Ceratina gravidula''
Gerstäcker, 1869
* ''
Ceratina guarnacciana''
Genaro, 1998
* ''
Ceratina guineae''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina gurkhana''
Shiokawa, 2008
* ''
Ceratina hakkarica''
Kocourek, 1998
* ''
Ceratina haladai''
Terzo & Rasmont, 2004
* ''
Ceratina hexae
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Eardley & Daly, 2007
* ''
Ceratina hieratica''
Baker, 2002
* ''
Ceratina hieroglyphica''
Smith, 1854
* ''
Ceratina himalayana''
Shiokawa, 2008
* ''
Ceratina huberi''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina humilior''
Cockerell, 1916
* ''
Ceratina hurdi''
Daly, 1973
* ''
Ceratina ignara''
Cresson, 1878
* ''
Ceratina immaculata''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina incertula''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina incognita''
Bingham, 1898
* ''
Ceratina indica''
(Hirashima, 1969)
* ''
Ceratina indigovirens''
Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022
* ''
Ceratina inermis
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina interrupta
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Alfken, 1926
* ''
Ceratina itzarum
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1931
* ''
Ceratina iwatai''
Yasumatsu, 1936
* ''
Ceratina jacobsoni''
van der Vecht, 1952
* ''
Ceratina japonica''
Cockerell, 1911
* ''
Ceratina jejuensis''
S. Lee, 2005
* ''
Ceratina kankauensis''
Strand, 1913
* ''
Ceratina kopili''
Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022
* ''
Ceratina kosemponis''
Strand, 1913
* ''
Ceratina kraussi''
Michener, 1954
* ''
Ceratina labrosa''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina laevifrons''
Morawitz, 1895
* ''
Ceratina laeviuscula''
Wu, 1963
* ''
Ceratina langenburgiae''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina langi''
Cockerell, 1934
* ''
Ceratina latisetis''
Roig-Alsina, 2013
* ''
Ceratina lativentris''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina lehmanni''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina lepida''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina liberica''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina lieftincki''
van der Vecht, 1952
* ''
Ceratina liliputana''
Cockerell, 1932
* ''
Ceratina lineola''
Vachal, 1903
* ''
Ceratina litoraria''
van der Vecht, 1952
* ''
Ceratina loa''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina loewi''
Gerstäcker, 1869
* ''
Ceratina longiceps''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina loquata''
Nurse, 1902
* ''
Ceratina lucidula''
Smith, 1854
* ''
Ceratina lucifera''
Cockerell, 1934
* ''
Ceratina ludwigsi''
Strand, 1914
* ''
Ceratina lunata
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina maai''
Shiokawa & Hirashima, 1982
* ''
Ceratina macondiana''
Flórez-Gómez & Griswold, 2020
* ''
Ceratina maculifrons''
Smith, 1854
* ''
Ceratina madecassa''
Friese, 1900
* ''
Ceratina maghrebensis''
Daly, 1983
* ''
Ceratina malindiae''
(Daly, 1988)
* ''
Ceratina mandibularis''
Friese, 1896
* ''
Ceratina manni''
Cockerell, 1912
* ''
Ceratina marginata
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Baker, 1907
* ''
Ceratina mariannensis''
Yasumatsu, 1939
* ''
Ceratina mauritanica''
Lepeletier, 1841
* ''
Ceratina megastigmata
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1969
* ''
Ceratina melanochroa''
(Moure, 1941)
* ''
Ceratina melanoptera''
Cockerell, 1924
* ''
Ceratina mendozina''
Roig-Alsina, 2016
* ''
Ceratina metaria''
Cockerell, 1920
* ''
Ceratina mexicana''
Cresson, 1878
* ''
Ceratina micheneri
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Daly, 1973
* ''
Ceratina mikmaqi''
Rehan & Sheffield, 2011
* ''
Ceratina minima''
Friese, 1909
* ''
Ceratina minuta''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina mocsaryi''
Friese, 1896
* ''
Ceratina moderata''
Cameron, 1897
* ''
Ceratina moerenhouti''
Vachal, 1903
* ''
Ceratina monstrata''
Sung & Shiokawa, 2012
* ''
Ceratina montana''
Holmberg, 1886
* ''
Ceratina morawitzi''
Sickmann, 1894
* ''
Ceratina moricei''
Friese, 1899
* ''
Ceratina morrensis''
Strand, 1910
* ''
Ceratina muelleri''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina muscatella''
Nurse, 1902
* ''
Ceratina namibensis''
Eardley & Daly, 2007
* ''
Ceratina nanula
''Ceratina nanula'' is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae
Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most commonly seen bees, incl ...
''
Cockerell, 1897
* ''
Ceratina nasalis''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina nasiinsignita''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina nativitatis''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina nautlana''
Cockerell, 1897
* ''
Ceratina neocallosa''
Daly, 1983
* ''
Ceratina neomexicana''
Cockerell, 1901
* ''
Ceratina nigra''
Handlirsch, 1889
* ''
Ceratina nigriceps''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina nigrita''
Ashmead, 1900
* ''
Ceratina nigritula''
Michener, 1954
* ''
Ceratina nigroaenea''
Gerstäcker, 1869
* ''
Ceratina nigrolabiata''
Friese, 1896
* ''
Ceratina nigrolateralis''
Cockerell, 1916
* ''
Ceratina nilotica''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina nitidella''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina nitidifrons''
Roig-Alsina, 2016
* ''
Ceratina nyassensis''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina obtusicauda''
Cockerell, 1919
* ''
Ceratina okinawana''
Matsumura & Uchida, 1926
* ''
Ceratina opaca''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina opipara''
Shiokawa, 2015
* ''
Ceratina oxalidis''
Schrottky, 1907
* ''
Ceratina pacifica''
H. S. Smith, 1907
* ''
Ceratina pacis''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina palauensis''
Yasumatsu, 1939
* ''
Ceratina papuana''
van der Vecht, 1952
* ''
Ceratina paraguayensis''
Schrottky, 1907
* ''
Ceratina parvula''
Smith, 1854
* ''
Ceratina paulyi''
(Daly, 1988)
* ''
Ceratina pembana''
Cockerell, 1935
* ''
Ceratina penicillata''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina penicilligera''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina perforatrix''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina perpolita''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina personata''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina picta''
Smith, 1854
* ''
Ceratina pictifrons''
Smith, 1861
* ''
Ceratina piracicabana
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Schrottky, 1911
* ''
Ceratina placida''
Smith, 1862
* ''
Ceratina polita''
Friese, 1902
* ''
Ceratina politifrons''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina politula''
Shiokawa, 2006
* ''
Ceratina popovi''
Wu, 1963
* ''
Ceratina propinqua''
Cameron, 1897
* ''
Ceratina psaenythia''
Engel, 2018
* ''
Ceratina pubescens''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina pulchripes''
Shiokawa, 2002
* ''
Ceratina punctaticeps''
Van der Vecht, 1953
* ''
Ceratina punctigena
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1916
* ''
Ceratina punctiventris''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina punctulata''
Spinola, 1841
* ''
Ceratina pusilla''
Roig-Alsina, 2016
* ''
Ceratina quadripunctata''
Wu, 2000
* ''
Ceratina quinquemaculata''
Cockerell, 1912
* ''
Ceratina raquelitae
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Flórez-Gómez & Ayala, 2022
* ''
Ceratina rasmonti''
Terzo, 1998
* ''
Ceratina rectangulifera''
Schwarz & Michener, 1954
* ''
Ceratina regalis''
Cockerell, 1912
* ''
Ceratina rehanae''
Flórez-Gómez & Ayala, 2022
* ''
Ceratina rhodura''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina richardsoniae''
Schrottky, 1909
* ''
Ceratina ridleyi''
Cockerell, 1910
* ''
Ceratina roseoviridis''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina rossi''
(Daly, 1988)
* ''
Ceratina rothschildiana''
Vachal, 1909
* ''
Ceratina rotundiceps''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina rufigastra''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina rufipes
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina rugifrons
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina rugosissima
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1932
* ''
Ceratina rukaina
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Sung & Shiokawa, 2012
* ''
Ceratina rupestris
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Holmberg, 1884
* ''
Ceratina ruwenzorica
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina sakagamii
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Terzo, 1998
* ''
Ceratina sakagamina
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Shiokawa, 2015
* ''
Ceratina samburuensis
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Cockerell, 1910
* ''
Ceratina sapphira
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Flórez-Gómez & Ayala, 2022
* ''
Ceratina satoi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Yasumatsu, 1936
* ''
Ceratina saundersi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Daly, 1983
* ''
Ceratina sauteri
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Strand, 1913
* ''
Ceratina schwarzi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Kocourek, 1998
* ''
Ceratina schwarziana
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Terzo, 1998
* ''
Ceratina sclerops
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Schrottky, 1907
* ''
Ceratina sculpturata
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Smith, 1858
* ''
Ceratina seikii''
Sung & Shiokawa, 2012
* ''
Ceratina senegalensis
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina sequoiae
''Ceratina sequoiae'' is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae
Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most commonly seen bees, inc ...
''
Michener, 1936
* ''
Ceratina sericea
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina shinnersi''
Daly, 1973
* ''
Ceratina silvicola
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Shiokawa, 2015
* ''
Ceratina simillima
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Smith, 1854
* ''
Ceratina smaragdula
''Ceratina smaragdula'', also known as ''Ceratina'' (''Pithitis'') ''smaragdula'', is a species of green metallic bees belonging to the family Apidae, subfamily Xylocopinae
The subfamily Xylocopinae (family Apidae) occurs worldwide, and inc ...
''
(Fabricius, 1787)
* ''
Ceratina spectata
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Shiokawa, 2015
* ''
Ceratina speculifrons
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1920
* ''
Ceratina speculina
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina spilota
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1932
* ''
Ceratina spinipes
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Shiokawa, 2009
* ''
Ceratina splendida
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Shiokawa, 2008
* ''
Ceratina stilbonota
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Moure, 1941
* ''
Ceratina strenua
''Ceratina strenua'', the nimble ceratina, is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae
Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most co ...
''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina stuckenbergi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Eardley & Daly, 2007
* ''
Ceratina subcarinata''
Roig-Alsina, 2013
* ''
Ceratina subquadrata
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Smith, 1854
* ''
Ceratina subscintilla
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina sutepensis
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1929
* ''
Ceratina tabescens
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Cockerell, 1912
* ''
Ceratina taborae
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Strand, 1912
* ''
Ceratina takasagona
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Shiokawa & Hirashima, 1982
* ''
Ceratina takeshii
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Shiokawa, 2008
* ''
Ceratina tanganyicensis''
Strand, 1911
* ''
Ceratina tanoi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Shiokawa, 2010
* ''
Ceratina tantilla
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
(Moure, 1941)
* ''
Ceratina tarsata''
Morawitz, 1872
* ''
Ceratina tejonensis
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Cresson, 1864
* ''
Ceratina tenkeana''
Cockerell, 1937
* ''
Ceratina tepetlana
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022
* ''
Ceratina teunisseni''
Terzo & Rasmont, 1997
* ''
Ceratina texana''
Daly, 1973
* ''
Ceratina tibialis
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Morawitz, 1895
* ''
Ceratina timberlakei
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Daly, 1973
* ''
Ceratina titusi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Cockerell, 1903
* ''
Ceratina triangulifera
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1914
* ''
Ceratina tricolor
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Michener, 1954
* ''
Ceratina trimaculata''
Friese, 1917
* ''
Ceratina tropica
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Crawford, 1910
* ''
Ceratina truncata
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Friese, 1905
* ''
Ceratina tucumana
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Roig-Alsina, 2013
* ''
Ceratina turgida
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
(Moure, 1941)
* ''
Ceratina umbricosta
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Roig-Alsina, 2013
* ''
Ceratina unicolor
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Friese, 1911
* ''
Ceratina unimaculata
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Smith, 1879
* ''
Ceratina velthuisi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Terzo & Rasmont, 2001
* ''
Ceratina verhoeffi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Terzo & Rasmont, 1997
* ''
Ceratina vernoniae
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Schrottky, 1920
* ''
Ceratina virescens
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina viridicincta
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Cockerell, 1931
* ''
Ceratina viridifrons
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Cockerell, 1934
* ''
Ceratina viridis
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Guérin-Méneville, 1844
* ''
Ceratina volitans
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Schrottky, 1907
* ''
Ceratina wagneri''
Friese, 1910
* ''
Ceratina waini''
(Shiokawa & Sakagami, 1969)
* ''
Ceratina warnckei
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Terzo, 1998
* ''
Ceratina whiteheadi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Eardley & Daly, 2007
* ''
Ceratina xanthocera
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
(Moure, 1941)
* ''
Ceratina xanthostoma
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1912
* ''
Ceratina yamanei
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Sung & Shiokawa, 2012
* ''
Ceratina yasumatsui
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Hirashima, 1971
* ''
Ceratina yonagunensis
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...
''
Shiokawa, 2011
* ''
Ceratina yucatanica
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1931
* ''
Ceratina zandeni
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Terzo, 1998
* ''
Ceratina zeteki
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Cockerell, 1934
* ''
Ceratina zwakhalsi
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
Terzo & Rasmont, 1997
*
† ''
Ceratina disrupta
The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...
''
(Cockerell 1906)
References
External links
Guide to the ''Ceratina'' of Eastern North America.USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center.
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1938968
Bee genera