The cosmopolitan

bee Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey. Bees are a monophyly, monophyletic lineage within the ...

genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 subgenera. They make nests in dead wood, stems, or pith, and while many are solitary, a number are

subsocial Sociality is the degree to which individuals in an animal population tend to associate in social groups (gregariousness) and form cooperative societies. Sociality is a survival response to evolutionary pressures. For example, when a mother wasp ...

, with mothers caring for their larvae, and in a few cases where multiple females are found in a single nest, daughters or sisters may form very small, weakly eusocial colonies (where one bee forages and the other remains in the nest and lays eggs). One species is unique for having both social and asocial populations, '' Ceratina australensis'', which exhibits all of the pre-adaptations for successful group living. This species is socially polymorphic with both solitary and social nests collected in

sympatry In biology, two related species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter one another. An initially interbreeding population that splits into two or more distinct species sh ...

. Social colonies in that species consist of two foundresses, one contributing both foraging and reproductive effort and the second which remains at the nest as a passive guard. Cooperative nesting provides no overt reproductive benefits over solitary nesting in this population, although brood survival tends to be greater in social colonies. Maternal longevity, subsociality and bivoltine nesting

phenology Phenology is the study of periodic events in biological life cycles and how these are influenced by seasonality, seasonal and interannual variations in climate, as well as environmental factor, habitat factors (such as elevation). Examples includ ...

in this species favour colony formation, while dispersal habits and offspring longevity may inhibit more frequent social nesting in this and other ceratinines. ''Ceratina'' are commonly dark, shining, even metallic bees, with fairly sparse body hairs and a weak scopa on the hind tibia. Most species have some yellow markings, most often restricted to the face, but often elsewhere on the body. They are very commonly mistaken for "sweat bees" (family Halictidae), due to their small size, metallic coloration, and some similarity in wing venation; they can be easily separated from halictids by the mouthparts (with a long glossa) and the hindwings (with a tiny jugal lobe).Small carpenter bees, ''Ceratina'' spp.
Featured Creatures. University of Florida IFAS. Publication EENY-101, Revised June, 2014. In '' Ceratina nigrolabiata'', a

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the e ...

species, males may guard the opening to the nest of a female they hope to mate with, and are often not the father of the brood within the nest; this is the first bee species in which male nest-guarding has been classified as a form of biparental care, but males guarding nests and mating with females has been documented in other species (e.g., ''

Macrotera portalis ''Macrotera portalis'' is a species of communal, ground nesting, partially bivoltine bees found in arid grasslands and desert regions of North America. An oligolectic bee, ''M. portalis'' gathers pollen only from plants in the genus ''Sphaeralcea ...

''). A few species of ''Ceratina'' are exceptional among bees in that they are

parthenogenetic Parthenogenesis (; from the Greek grc, παρθένος, translit=parthénos, lit=virgin, label=none + grc, γένεσις, translit=génesis, lit=creation, label=none) is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development ...

, reproducing without males. Ceratina nest in fennel 1

Species

* '' Ceratina acantha'' Provancher, 1895 * '' Ceratina accusator'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina acuta'' Friese, 1896 * '' Ceratina aeneiceps'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina aenescens'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina aereola'' Vachal, 1903 * '' Ceratina aetana'' Shiokawa, 2006 * '' Ceratina ahngeri'' Kokujev, 1905 * '' Ceratina albopicta'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina albosticta'' Cockerell, 1931 * '' Ceratina alexandrae'' Baker, 2002 * '' Ceratina aliceae'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina allodapoides'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina aloes'' Cockerell, 1932 * '' Ceratina angulata'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * ''

Ceratina apacheorum The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Daly, 1973 * '' Ceratina apatela'' Engel, 2018 * '' Ceratina arabiae'' (Daly, 1983) * '' Ceratina arizonensis'' Cockerell, 1898 * '' Ceratina armata'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina aspera'' Schrottky, 1902 * '' Ceratina asunciana'' Strand, 1910 * '' Ceratina asuncionis'' Strand, 1910 * '' Ceratina atopura'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina atra'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina atrata'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * '' Ceratina augochloroides'' Ducke, 1911 * '' Ceratina auriviridis'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * '' Ceratina australensis'' (Perkins, 1912) * '' Ceratina azteca'' Cresson, 1878 * ''

Ceratina azurea The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Benoist, 1955 * '' Ceratina ballotae'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina barbarae'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina basaltica'' Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022 * '' Ceratina beata'' Cameron, 1897 * '' Ceratina belizensis'' Baker, 1907 * '' Ceratina belliata'' Shiokawa, 2008 * '' Ceratina benguetensis'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina bhawani'' Bingham, 1908 * '' Ceratina bicolorata'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina bicuneata'' Cockerell, 1918 * '' Ceratina bifida'' Friese, 1900 * '' Ceratina biguttulata'' (Moure, 1941) * '' Ceratina bilobata'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina binghami'' Cockerell, 1908 * '' Ceratina bispinosa'' Handlirsch, 1889 * '' Ceratina boninensis'' Yasumatsu, 1955 * '' Ceratina braunsi'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina braunsiana'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina breviceps'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina bryanti'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina buscki'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina calcarata'' Robertson, 1900 * '' Ceratina callosa'' (Fabricius, 1794) * ''

Ceratina canaliculata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Roig-Alsina, 2016 * '' Ceratina canarensis'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina capitosa'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina carinifrons'' Baker, 2002 * '' Ceratina catamarcensis'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina caveata'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * '' Ceratina cavifrons'' Shiokawa, 2006 * '' Ceratina chalcea'' Spinola, 1841 * '' Ceratina chalcites'' Germar, 1839 * '' Ceratina chalybea'' Chevrier, 1872 * '' Ceratina chiangmaiensis'' Warrit et al., 2012 * ''

Ceratina chinensis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' (Wu, 1963) * '' Ceratina chloris'' (Fabricius, 1804) * '' Ceratina christellae'' Terzo, 1998 * '' Ceratina chrysocephala'' Cockerell, 1912 * '' Ceratina chrysomalla'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * ''

Ceratina citrinifrons The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina citriphila'' Cockerell, 1935 * '' Ceratina cladura'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina claripennis'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina cobaltina'' Cresson, 1878 * ''

Ceratina cockerelli ''Ceratina cockerelli'' is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae. It is found in the Caribbean Sea The Caribbean Sea ( es, Mar Caribe; french: Mer des Caraïbes; ht, Lanmè Karayib; jam, Kiaribiyan Sii; nl, Caraïbische Zee; ...

'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * '' Ceratina cognata'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina collusor'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina combinata'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina compacta'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina congoensis'' Meunier, 1890 * '' Ceratina coptica'' Baker, 2002 * '' Ceratina corinna'' Nurse, 1904 * '' Ceratina correntina'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina cosmiocephala'' Cameron, 1908 * ''

Ceratina crassiceps The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Friese, 1925 * '' Ceratina crewi'' Cockerell, 1903 * '' Ceratina cucurbitina'' (Rossi, 1792) * '' Ceratina cupreiventris'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina cuprifrons'' Strand, 1910 * '' Ceratina currani'' Schwarz, 1934 * ''

Ceratina cyanea ''Ceratina cyanea'', common name blue carpenter bee, is a species of bee belonging to the family Apidae, subfamily Xylocopinae. Distribution This species is present in most of Western Europe, in North West Africa and in the eastern Palearctic ...

'' (Kirby, 1802) * '' Ceratina cyanicollis'' Schrottky, 1902 * '' Ceratina cyaniventris'' Cresson, 1865 * '' Ceratina cyanura'' Cockerell, 1918 * '' Ceratina cypriaca'' Mavromoustakis, 1954 * '' Ceratina dallatorreana'' Friese, 1896 * ''

Ceratina dalyi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Terzo, 1998 * '' Ceratina daressalamica'' Strand, 1912 * ''

Ceratina darwini The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina demotica'' Baker, 2002 * '' Ceratina denesi'' Terzo, 1998 * '' Ceratina dentipes'' Friese, 1914 * '' Ceratina dentiventris'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * '' Ceratina diligens'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina diloloensis'' Cockerell, 1932 * '' Ceratina dimidiata'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina diodonta'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * ''

Ceratina duckei The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina dupla'' Say, 1837 * '' Ceratina egeria'' Nurse, 1904 * ''

Ceratina electron The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina elisabethae'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina emeiensis'' Wu, 2000 * '' Ceratina ericia'' Vachal, 1903 * '' Ceratina esakii'' Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1969 * '' Ceratina excavata'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina eximia'' Smith, 1862 * '' Ceratina fastigiata'' Fox, 1896 * '' Ceratina ferghanica'' Morawitz, 1875 * '' Ceratina fimbriata'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * '' Ceratina fioreseana'' Oliveira, 2020 * '' Ceratina flavipes'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina flavolateralis'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina flavopicta'' Smith, 1858 * '' Ceratina floridana'' Mitchell, 1962 * '' Ceratina foveifera'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina fuliginosa'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina fulvitarsis'' Friese, 1925 * '' Ceratina fulvofasciata'' Ducke, 1908 * '' Ceratina fumipennis'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina glossata'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina gnoma'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina gomphrenae'' Schrottky, 1909 * '' Ceratina gossypii'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina grandis'' Shiokawa, 2015 * '' Ceratina gravidula'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * '' Ceratina guarnacciana'' Genaro, 1998 * '' Ceratina guineae'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina gurkhana'' Shiokawa, 2008 * '' Ceratina hakkarica'' Kocourek, 1998 * '' Ceratina haladai'' Terzo & Rasmont, 2004 * ''

Ceratina hexae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina hieratica'' Baker, 2002 * '' Ceratina hieroglyphica'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina himalayana'' Shiokawa, 2008 * '' Ceratina huberi'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina humilior'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina hurdi'' Daly, 1973 * '' Ceratina ignara'' Cresson, 1878 * ''

Ceratina immaculata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina incertula'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina incognita'' Bingham, 1898 * '' Ceratina indica'' (Hirashima, 1969) * '' Ceratina indigovirens'' Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022 * ''

Ceratina inermis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Friese, 1905 * ''

Ceratina interrupta The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Alfken, 1926 * ''

Ceratina itzarum The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1931 * '' Ceratina iwatai'' Yasumatsu, 1936 * '' Ceratina jacobsoni'' van der Vecht, 1952 * '' Ceratina japonica'' Cockerell, 1911 * '' Ceratina jejuensis'' S. Lee, 2005 * '' Ceratina kankauensis'' Strand, 1913 * '' Ceratina kopili'' Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022 * '' Ceratina kosemponis'' Strand, 1913 * '' Ceratina kraussi'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina labrosa'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina laevifrons'' Morawitz, 1895 * '' Ceratina laeviuscula'' Wu, 1963 * '' Ceratina langenburgiae'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina langi'' Cockerell, 1934 * '' Ceratina latisetis'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * '' Ceratina lativentris'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina lehmanni'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina lepida'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina liberica'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina lieftincki'' van der Vecht, 1952 * '' Ceratina liliputana'' Cockerell, 1932 * '' Ceratina lineola'' Vachal, 1903 * '' Ceratina litoraria'' van der Vecht, 1952 * '' Ceratina loa'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina loewi'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * '' Ceratina longiceps'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina loquata'' Nurse, 1902 * '' Ceratina lucidula'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina lucifera'' Cockerell, 1934 * '' Ceratina ludwigsi'' Strand, 1914 * ''

Ceratina lunata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina maai'' Shiokawa & Hirashima, 1982 * '' Ceratina macondiana'' Flórez-Gómez & Griswold, 2020 * '' Ceratina maculifrons'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina madecassa'' Friese, 1900 * '' Ceratina maghrebensis'' Daly, 1983 * '' Ceratina malindiae'' (Daly, 1988) * '' Ceratina mandibularis'' Friese, 1896 * '' Ceratina manni'' Cockerell, 1912 * ''

Ceratina marginata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Baker, 1907 * '' Ceratina mariannensis'' Yasumatsu, 1939 * '' Ceratina mauritanica'' Lepeletier, 1841 * ''

Ceratina megastigmata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1969 * '' Ceratina melanochroa'' (Moure, 1941) * '' Ceratina melanoptera'' Cockerell, 1924 * '' Ceratina mendozina'' Roig-Alsina, 2016 * '' Ceratina metaria'' Cockerell, 1920 * '' Ceratina mexicana'' Cresson, 1878 * ''

Ceratina micheneri The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Daly, 1973 * '' Ceratina mikmaqi'' Rehan & Sheffield, 2011 * '' Ceratina minima'' Friese, 1909 * '' Ceratina minuta'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina mocsaryi'' Friese, 1896 * '' Ceratina moderata'' Cameron, 1897 * '' Ceratina moerenhouti'' Vachal, 1903 * '' Ceratina monstrata'' Sung & Shiokawa, 2012 * '' Ceratina montana'' Holmberg, 1886 * '' Ceratina morawitzi'' Sickmann, 1894 * '' Ceratina moricei'' Friese, 1899 * '' Ceratina morrensis'' Strand, 1910 * '' Ceratina muelleri'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina muscatella'' Nurse, 1902 * '' Ceratina namibensis'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * ''

Ceratina nanula ''Ceratina nanula'' is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most commonly seen bees, incl ...

'' Cockerell, 1897 * '' Ceratina nasalis'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina nasiinsignita'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina nativitatis'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina nautlana'' Cockerell, 1897 * '' Ceratina neocallosa'' Daly, 1983 * '' Ceratina neomexicana'' Cockerell, 1901 * '' Ceratina nigra'' Handlirsch, 1889 * '' Ceratina nigriceps'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina nigrita'' Ashmead, 1900 * '' Ceratina nigritula'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina nigroaenea'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * '' Ceratina nigrolabiata'' Friese, 1896 * '' Ceratina nigrolateralis'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina nilotica'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina nitidella'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina nitidifrons'' Roig-Alsina, 2016 * '' Ceratina nyassensis'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina obtusicauda'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina okinawana'' Matsumura & Uchida, 1926 * '' Ceratina opaca'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina opipara'' Shiokawa, 2015 * '' Ceratina oxalidis'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina pacifica'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * '' Ceratina pacis'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina palauensis'' Yasumatsu, 1939 * '' Ceratina papuana'' van der Vecht, 1952 * '' Ceratina paraguayensis'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina parvula'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina paulyi'' (Daly, 1988) * '' Ceratina pembana'' Cockerell, 1935 * '' Ceratina penicillata'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina penicilligera'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina perforatrix'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina perpolita'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina personata'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina picta'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina pictifrons'' Smith, 1861 * ''

Ceratina piracicabana The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Schrottky, 1911 * '' Ceratina placida'' Smith, 1862 * '' Ceratina polita'' Friese, 1902 * '' Ceratina politifrons'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina politula'' Shiokawa, 2006 * '' Ceratina popovi'' Wu, 1963 * '' Ceratina propinqua'' Cameron, 1897 * '' Ceratina psaenythia'' Engel, 2018 * '' Ceratina pubescens'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina pulchripes'' Shiokawa, 2002 * '' Ceratina punctaticeps'' Van der Vecht, 1953 * ''

Ceratina punctigena The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina punctiventris'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina punctulata'' Spinola, 1841 * '' Ceratina pusilla'' Roig-Alsina, 2016 * '' Ceratina quadripunctata'' Wu, 2000 * '' Ceratina quinquemaculata'' Cockerell, 1912 * ''

Ceratina raquelitae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Flórez-Gómez & Ayala, 2022 * '' Ceratina rasmonti'' Terzo, 1998 * '' Ceratina rectangulifera'' Schwarz & Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina regalis'' Cockerell, 1912 * '' Ceratina rehanae'' Flórez-Gómez & Ayala, 2022 * '' Ceratina rhodura'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina richardsoniae'' Schrottky, 1909 * '' Ceratina ridleyi'' Cockerell, 1910 * '' Ceratina roseoviridis'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina rossi'' (Daly, 1988) * '' Ceratina rothschildiana'' Vachal, 1909 * '' Ceratina rotundiceps'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina rufigastra'' Cockerell, 1937 * ''

Ceratina rufipes The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Smith, 1879 * ''

Ceratina rugifrons The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Smith, 1879 * ''

Ceratina rugosissima The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1932 * ''

Ceratina rukaina The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Sung & Shiokawa, 2012 * ''

Ceratina rupestris The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Holmberg, 1884 * ''

Ceratina ruwenzorica The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1937 * ''

Ceratina sakagamii The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Terzo, 1998 * ''

Ceratina sakagamina The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Shiokawa, 2015 * ''

Ceratina samburuensis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1910 * ''

Ceratina sapphira The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Flórez-Gómez & Ayala, 2022 * ''

Ceratina satoi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Yasumatsu, 1936 * ''

Ceratina saundersi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Daly, 1983 * ''

Ceratina sauteri The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Strand, 1913 * ''

Ceratina schwarzi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Kocourek, 1998 * ''

Ceratina schwarziana The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Terzo, 1998 * ''

Ceratina sclerops The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Schrottky, 1907 * ''

Ceratina sculpturata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Smith, 1858 * '' Ceratina seikii'' Sung & Shiokawa, 2012 * ''

Ceratina senegalensis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Strand, 1912 * ''

Ceratina sequoiae ''Ceratina sequoiae'' is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most commonly seen bees, inc ...

'' Michener, 1936 * ''

Ceratina sericea The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina shinnersi'' Daly, 1973 * ''

Ceratina silvicola The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Shiokawa, 2015 * ''

Ceratina simillima The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Smith, 1854 * ''

Ceratina smaragdula ''Ceratina smaragdula'', also known as ''Ceratina'' (''Pithitis'') ''smaragdula'', is a species of green metallic bees belonging to the family Apidae, subfamily Xylocopinae The subfamily Xylocopinae (family Apidae) occurs worldwide, and inc ...

'' (Fabricius, 1787) * ''

Ceratina spectata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Shiokawa, 2015 * ''

Ceratina speculifrons The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1920 * ''

Ceratina speculina The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1937 * ''

Ceratina spilota The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1932 * ''

Ceratina spinipes The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Shiokawa, 2009 * ''

Ceratina splendida The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Shiokawa, 2008 * ''

Ceratina stilbonota The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Moure, 1941 * ''

Ceratina strenua ''Ceratina strenua'', the nimble ceratina, is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most co ...

'' Smith, 1879 * ''

Ceratina stuckenbergi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina subcarinata'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * ''

Ceratina subquadrata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Smith, 1854 * ''

Ceratina subscintilla The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1937 * ''

Ceratina sutepensis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1929 * ''

Ceratina tabescens The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1912 * ''

Ceratina taborae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Strand, 1912 * ''

Ceratina takasagona The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Shiokawa & Hirashima, 1982 * ''

Ceratina takeshii The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Shiokawa, 2008 * '' Ceratina tanganyicensis'' Strand, 1911 * ''

Ceratina tanoi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Shiokawa, 2010 * ''

Ceratina tantilla The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' (Moure, 1941) * '' Ceratina tarsata'' Morawitz, 1872 * ''

Ceratina tejonensis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cresson, 1864 * '' Ceratina tenkeana'' Cockerell, 1937 * ''

Ceratina tepetlana The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022 * '' Ceratina teunisseni'' Terzo & Rasmont, 1997 * '' Ceratina texana'' Daly, 1973 * ''

Ceratina tibialis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Morawitz, 1895 * ''

Ceratina timberlakei The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Daly, 1973 * ''

Ceratina titusi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1903 * ''

Ceratina triangulifera The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1914 * ''

Ceratina tricolor The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina trimaculata'' Friese, 1917 * ''

Ceratina tropica The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Crawford, 1910 * ''

Ceratina truncata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Friese, 1905 * ''

Ceratina tucumana The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * ''

Ceratina turgida The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' (Moure, 1941) * ''

Ceratina umbricosta The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * ''

Ceratina unicolor The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Friese, 1911 * ''

Ceratina unimaculata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Smith, 1879 * ''

Ceratina velthuisi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Terzo & Rasmont, 2001 * ''

Ceratina verhoeffi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Terzo & Rasmont, 1997 * ''

Ceratina vernoniae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Schrottky, 1920 * ''

Ceratina virescens The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Friese, 1910 * ''

Ceratina viridicincta The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1931 * ''

Ceratina viridifrons The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1934 * ''

Ceratina viridis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Guérin-Méneville, 1844 * ''

Ceratina volitans The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina wagneri'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina waini'' (Shiokawa & Sakagami, 1969) * ''

Ceratina warnckei The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Terzo, 1998 * ''

Ceratina whiteheadi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * ''

Ceratina xanthocera The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' (Moure, 1941) * ''

Ceratina xanthostoma The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1912 * ''

Ceratina yamanei The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Sung & Shiokawa, 2012 * ''

Ceratina yasumatsui The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Hirashima, 1971 * ''

Ceratina yonagunensis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Shiokawa, 2011 * ''

Ceratina yucatanica The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1931 * ''

Ceratina zandeni The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Terzo, 1998 * ''

Ceratina zeteki The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1934 * ''

Ceratina zwakhalsi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Terzo & Rasmont, 1997 * † ''

Ceratina disrupta The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' (Cockerell 1906)

References

External links

Guide to the ''Ceratina'' of Eastern North America.
USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. {{Taxonbar, from=Q1938968 Bee genera