The cosmopolitan

bee Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey. Bees are a monophyletic lineage within the superfami ...

genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar

carpenter bee Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...

s. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 subgenera. They make nests in dead wood, stems, or pith, and while many are solitary, a number are

subsocial Sociality is the degree to which individuals in an animal population tend to associate in social groups (gregariousness) and form cooperative societies. Sociality is a survival response to evolutionary pressures. For example, when a mother was ...

, with mothers caring for their larvae, and in a few cases where multiple females are found in a single nest, daughters or sisters may form very small, weakly

eusocial Eusociality (from Greek εὖ ''eu'' "good" and social), the highest level of organization of sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping gen ...

colonies (where one bee forages and the other remains in the nest and lays eggs). One species is unique for having both social and asocial populations, '' Ceratina australensis'', which exhibits all of the pre-adaptations for successful group living. This species is socially polymorphic with both solitary and social nests collected in

sympatry In biology, two related species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter one another. An initially interbreeding population that splits into two or more distinct species s ...

. Social colonies in that species consist of two foundresses, one contributing both foraging and reproductive effort and the second which remains at the nest as a passive guard. Cooperative nesting provides no overt reproductive benefits over solitary nesting in this population, although brood survival tends to be greater in social colonies. Maternal longevity, subsociality and

bivoltine Voltinism is a term used in biology to indicate the number of broods or generations of an organism in a year. The term is most often applied to insects, and is particularly in use in sericulture, where silkworm varieties vary in their voltinism. ...

nesting

phenology Phenology is the study of periodic events in biological life cycles and how these are influenced by seasonal and interannual variations in climate, as well as habitat factors (such as elevation). Examples include the date of emergence of leav ...

in this species favour colony formation, while dispersal habits and offspring longevity may inhibit more frequent social nesting in this and other ceratinines. ''Ceratina'' are commonly dark, shining, even metallic bees, with fairly sparse body hairs and a weak

scopa ''Scopa'' (; literally "broom") is an Italian card game, and one of the three major national card games in Italy, the others being '' Briscola'' and ''Tresette''. It is also popular in Argentina and Brazil, brought in by Italian immigrants, most ...

on the hind tibia. Most species have some yellow markings, most often restricted to the face, but often elsewhere on the body. They are very commonly mistaken for "sweat bees" (family

Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophila) with nearly 4,500 species. Halictid species are an extremely diverse group that can vary greatly in appearance. These bees occur all over the world and are found on every continen ...

), due to their small size, metallic coloration, and some similarity in wing venation; they can be easily separated from halictids by the mouthparts (with a long glossa) and the hindwings (with a tiny jugal lobe).Small carpenter bees, ''Ceratina'' spp.
Featured Creatures. University of Florida IFAS. Publication EENY-101, Revised June, 2014. In '' Ceratina nigrolabiata'', a

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on ...

species, males may guard the opening to the nest of a female they hope to mate with, and are often not the father of the brood within the nest; this is the first bee species in which male nest-guarding has been classified as a form of biparental care, but males guarding nests and mating with females has been documented in other species (e.g., ''

Macrotera portalis ''Macrotera portalis'' is a species of communal, ground nesting, partially bivoltine bees found in arid grasslands and desert regions of North America. An oligolectic bee, ''M. portalis'' gathers pollen only from plants in the genus '' Sphaeralc ...

''). A few species of ''Ceratina'' are exceptional among bees in that they are

parthenogenetic Parthenogenesis (; from the Greek grc, παρθένος, translit=parthénos, lit=virgin, label=none + grc, γένεσις, translit=génesis, lit=creation, label=none) is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development ...

, reproducing without males. Ceratina nest in fennel 1

Species

* '' Ceratina acantha'' Provancher, 1895 * '' Ceratina accusator'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina acuta'' Friese, 1896 * '' Ceratina aeneiceps'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina aenescens'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina aereola'' Vachal, 1903 * '' Ceratina aetana'' Shiokawa, 2006 * '' Ceratina ahngeri'' Kokujev, 1905 * '' Ceratina albopicta'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina albosticta'' Cockerell, 1931 * ''

Ceratina alexandrae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Baker, 2002 * ''

Ceratina aliceae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1937 * ''

Ceratina allodapoides The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina aloes'' Cockerell, 1932 * '' Ceratina angulata'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * '' Ceratina apacheorum'' Daly, 1973 * '' Ceratina apatela'' Engel, 2018 * '' Ceratina arabiae'' (Daly, 1983) * '' Ceratina arizonensis'' Cockerell, 1898 * '' Ceratina armata'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina aspera'' Schrottky, 1902 * '' Ceratina asunciana'' Strand, 1910 * '' Ceratina asuncionis'' Strand, 1910 * '' Ceratina atopura'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina atra'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina atrata'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * '' Ceratina augochloroides'' Ducke, 1911 * '' Ceratina auriviridis'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * '' Ceratina australensis'' (Perkins, 1912) * '' Ceratina azteca'' Cresson, 1878 * '' Ceratina azurea'' Benoist, 1955 * '' Ceratina ballotae'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina barbarae'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina basaltica'' Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022 * '' Ceratina beata'' Cameron, 1897 * '' Ceratina belizensis'' Baker, 1907 * '' Ceratina belliata'' Shiokawa, 2008 * '' Ceratina benguetensis'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina bhawani'' Bingham, 1908 * '' Ceratina bicolorata'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina bicuneata'' Cockerell, 1918 * ''

Ceratina bifida The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Friese, 1900 * '' Ceratina biguttulata'' (Moure, 1941) * '' Ceratina bilobata'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina binghami'' Cockerell, 1908 * '' Ceratina bispinosa'' Handlirsch, 1889 * '' Ceratina boninensis'' Yasumatsu, 1955 * ''

Ceratina braunsi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina braunsiana'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina breviceps'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina bryanti'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina buscki'' Cockerell, 1919 * ''

Ceratina calcarata ''Ceratina calcarata'', the spurred ceratina, is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae. It is found in eastern North America. This species ranges from Georgia, USA north to Ontario, Canada and east to Nova Scotia, Canada. This be ...

'' Robertson, 1900 * '' Ceratina callosa'' (Fabricius, 1794) * '' Ceratina canaliculata'' Roig-Alsina, 2016 * '' Ceratina canarensis'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina capitosa'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina carinifrons'' Baker, 2002 * '' Ceratina catamarcensis'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina caveata'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * '' Ceratina cavifrons'' Shiokawa, 2006 * '' Ceratina chalcea'' Spinola, 1841 * '' Ceratina chalcites'' Germar, 1839 * '' Ceratina chalybea'' Chevrier, 1872 * '' Ceratina chiangmaiensis'' Warrit et al., 2012 * '' Ceratina chinensis'' (Wu, 1963) * '' Ceratina chloris'' (Fabricius, 1804) * '' Ceratina christellae'' Terzo, 1998 * '' Ceratina chrysocephala'' Cockerell, 1912 * '' Ceratina chrysomalla'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * '' Ceratina citrinifrons'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina citriphila'' Cockerell, 1935 * '' Ceratina cladura'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina claripennis'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina cobaltina'' Cresson, 1878 * '' Ceratina cockerelli'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * '' Ceratina cognata'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina collusor'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina combinata'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina compacta'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina congoensis'' Meunier, 1890 * '' Ceratina coptica'' Baker, 2002 * '' Ceratina corinna'' Nurse, 1904 * '' Ceratina correntina'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina cosmiocephala'' Cameron, 1908 * '' Ceratina crassiceps'' Friese, 1925 * '' Ceratina crewi'' Cockerell, 1903 * '' Ceratina cucurbitina'' (Rossi, 1792) * ''

Ceratina cupreiventris The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina cuprifrons'' Strand, 1910 * '' Ceratina currani'' Schwarz, 1934 * '' Ceratina cyanea'' (Kirby, 1802) * '' Ceratina cyanicollis'' Schrottky, 1902 * '' Ceratina cyaniventris'' Cresson, 1865 * '' Ceratina cyanura'' Cockerell, 1918 * '' Ceratina cypriaca'' Mavromoustakis, 1954 * '' Ceratina dallatorreana'' Friese, 1896 * '' Ceratina dalyi'' Terzo, 1998 * '' Ceratina daressalamica'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina darwini'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina demotica'' Baker, 2002 * '' Ceratina denesi'' Terzo, 1998 * '' Ceratina dentipes'' Friese, 1914 * '' Ceratina dentiventris'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * '' Ceratina diligens'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina diloloensis'' Cockerell, 1932 * '' Ceratina dimidiata'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina diodonta'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * '' Ceratina duckei'' Friese, 1910 * ''

Ceratina dupla ''Ceratina dupla'', the doubled ceratina, is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most com ...

'' Say, 1837 * '' Ceratina egeria'' Nurse, 1904 * '' Ceratina electron'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina elisabethae'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina emeiensis'' Wu, 2000 * '' Ceratina ericia'' Vachal, 1903 * '' Ceratina esakii'' Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1969 * '' Ceratina excavata'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina eximia'' Smith, 1862 * '' Ceratina fastigiata'' Fox, 1896 * '' Ceratina ferghanica'' Morawitz, 1875 * '' Ceratina fimbriata'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * '' Ceratina fioreseana'' Oliveira, 2020 * '' Ceratina flavipes'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina flavolateralis'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina flavopicta'' Smith, 1858 * ''

Ceratina floridana The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Mitchell, 1962 * '' Ceratina foveifera'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina fuliginosa'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina fulvitarsis'' Friese, 1925 * '' Ceratina fulvofasciata'' Ducke, 1908 * '' Ceratina fumipennis'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina glossata'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina gnoma'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina gomphrenae'' Schrottky, 1909 * '' Ceratina gossypii'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina grandis'' Shiokawa, 2015 * '' Ceratina gravidula'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * '' Ceratina guarnacciana'' Genaro, 1998 * '' Ceratina guineae'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina gurkhana'' Shiokawa, 2008 * '' Ceratina hakkarica'' Kocourek, 1998 * '' Ceratina haladai'' Terzo & Rasmont, 2004 * '' Ceratina hexae'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina hieratica'' Baker, 2002 * '' Ceratina hieroglyphica'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina himalayana'' Shiokawa, 2008 * '' Ceratina huberi'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina humilior'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina hurdi'' Daly, 1973 * '' Ceratina ignara'' Cresson, 1878 * '' Ceratina immaculata'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina incertula'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina incognita'' Bingham, 1898 * '' Ceratina indica'' (Hirashima, 1969) * '' Ceratina indigovirens'' Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022 * '' Ceratina inermis'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina interrupta'' Alfken, 1926 * '' Ceratina itzarum'' Cockerell, 1931 * '' Ceratina iwatai'' Yasumatsu, 1936 * '' Ceratina jacobsoni'' van der Vecht, 1952 * '' Ceratina japonica'' Cockerell, 1911 * '' Ceratina jejuensis'' S. Lee, 2005 * '' Ceratina kankauensis'' Strand, 1913 * '' Ceratina kopili'' Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022 * '' Ceratina kosemponis'' Strand, 1913 * '' Ceratina kraussi'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina labrosa'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina laevifrons'' Morawitz, 1895 * '' Ceratina laeviuscula'' Wu, 1963 * '' Ceratina langenburgiae'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina langi'' Cockerell, 1934 * '' Ceratina latisetis'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * '' Ceratina lativentris'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina lehmanni'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina lepida'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina liberica'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina lieftincki'' van der Vecht, 1952 * '' Ceratina liliputana'' Cockerell, 1932 * '' Ceratina lineola'' Vachal, 1903 * '' Ceratina litoraria'' van der Vecht, 1952 * '' Ceratina loa'' Strand, 1912 * ''

Ceratina loewi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * '' Ceratina longiceps'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina loquata'' Nurse, 1902 * ''

Ceratina lucidula The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina lucifera'' Cockerell, 1934 * ''

Ceratina ludwigsi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Strand, 1914 * '' Ceratina lunata'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina maai'' Shiokawa & Hirashima, 1982 * '' Ceratina macondiana'' Flórez-Gómez & Griswold, 2020 * '' Ceratina maculifrons'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina madecassa'' Friese, 1900 * '' Ceratina maghrebensis'' Daly, 1983 * '' Ceratina malindiae'' (Daly, 1988) * '' Ceratina mandibularis'' Friese, 1896 * '' Ceratina manni'' Cockerell, 1912 * '' Ceratina marginata'' Baker, 1907 * '' Ceratina mariannensis'' Yasumatsu, 1939 * '' Ceratina mauritanica'' Lepeletier, 1841 * '' Ceratina megastigmata'' Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1969 * '' Ceratina melanochroa'' (Moure, 1941) * '' Ceratina melanoptera'' Cockerell, 1924 * '' Ceratina mendozina'' Roig-Alsina, 2016 * '' Ceratina metaria'' Cockerell, 1920 * '' Ceratina mexicana'' Cresson, 1878 * '' Ceratina micheneri'' Daly, 1973 * '' Ceratina mikmaqi'' Rehan & Sheffield, 2011 * ''

Ceratina minima The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Friese, 1909 * '' Ceratina minuta'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina mocsaryi'' Friese, 1896 * '' Ceratina moderata'' Cameron, 1897 * '' Ceratina moerenhouti'' Vachal, 1903 * '' Ceratina monstrata'' Sung & Shiokawa, 2012 * '' Ceratina montana'' Holmberg, 1886 * '' Ceratina morawitzi'' Sickmann, 1894 * '' Ceratina moricei'' Friese, 1899 * '' Ceratina morrensis'' Strand, 1910 * '' Ceratina muelleri'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina muscatella'' Nurse, 1902 * '' Ceratina namibensis'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina nanula'' Cockerell, 1897 * '' Ceratina nasalis'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina nasiinsignita'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina nativitatis'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina nautlana'' Cockerell, 1897 * ''

Ceratina neocallosa The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Daly, 1983 * '' Ceratina neomexicana'' Cockerell, 1901 * '' Ceratina nigra'' Handlirsch, 1889 * ''

Ceratina nigriceps The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina nigrita'' Ashmead, 1900 * ''

Ceratina nigritula The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina nigroaenea'' Gerstäcker, 1869 * '' Ceratina nigrolabiata'' Friese, 1896 * '' Ceratina nigrolateralis'' Cockerell, 1916 * '' Ceratina nilotica'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina nitidella'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina nitidifrons'' Roig-Alsina, 2016 * '' Ceratina nyassensis'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina obtusicauda'' Cockerell, 1919 * '' Ceratina okinawana'' Matsumura & Uchida, 1926 * '' Ceratina opaca'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina opipara'' Shiokawa, 2015 * '' Ceratina oxalidis'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina pacifica'' H. S. Smith, 1907 * '' Ceratina pacis'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina palauensis'' Yasumatsu, 1939 * '' Ceratina papuana'' van der Vecht, 1952 * '' Ceratina paraguayensis'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina parvula'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina paulyi'' (Daly, 1988) * '' Ceratina pembana'' Cockerell, 1935 * '' Ceratina penicillata'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina penicilligera'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina perforatrix'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina perpolita'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina personata'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina picta'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina pictifrons'' Smith, 1861 * '' Ceratina piracicabana'' Schrottky, 1911 * '' Ceratina placida'' Smith, 1862 * '' Ceratina polita'' Friese, 1902 * '' Ceratina politifrons'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina politula'' Shiokawa, 2006 * ''

Ceratina popovi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Wu, 1963 * ''

Ceratina propinqua The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cameron, 1897 * ''

Ceratina psaenythia The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Engel, 2018 * ''

Ceratina pubescens The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Smith, 1879 * ''

Ceratina pulchripes The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Shiokawa, 2002 * ''

Ceratina punctaticeps The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Van der Vecht, 1953 * ''

Ceratina punctigena The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1916 * ''

Ceratina punctiventris The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Friese, 1910 * ''

Ceratina punctulata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Spinola, 1841 * ''

Ceratina pusilla The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Roig-Alsina, 2016 * ''

Ceratina quadripunctata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Wu, 2000 * ''

Ceratina quinquemaculata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1912 * ''

Ceratina raquelitae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Flórez-Gómez & Ayala, 2022 * ''

Ceratina rasmonti The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Terzo, 1998 * ''

Ceratina rectangulifera The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Schwarz & Michener, 1954 * ''

Ceratina regalis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1912 * ''

Ceratina rehanae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Flórez-Gómez & Ayala, 2022 * ''

Ceratina rhodura The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1937 * ''

Ceratina richardsoniae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Schrottky, 1909 * ''

Ceratina ridleyi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1910 * ''

Ceratina roseoviridis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1937 * ''

Ceratina rossi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' (Daly, 1988) * ''

Ceratina rothschildiana The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Vachal, 1909 * ''

Ceratina rotundiceps The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina rufigastra'' Cockerell, 1937 * ''

Ceratina rufipes The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina rugifrons'' Smith, 1879 * ''

Ceratina rugosissima The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1932 * '' Ceratina rukaina'' Sung & Shiokawa, 2012 * '' Ceratina rupestris'' Holmberg, 1884 * '' Ceratina ruwenzorica'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina sakagamii'' Terzo, 1998 * '' Ceratina sakagamina'' Shiokawa, 2015 * ''

Ceratina samburuensis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1910 * '' Ceratina sapphira'' Flórez-Gómez & Ayala, 2022 * ''

Ceratina satoi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Yasumatsu, 1936 * ''

Ceratina saundersi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Daly, 1983 * '' Ceratina sauteri'' Strand, 1913 * '' Ceratina schwarzi'' Kocourek, 1998 * '' Ceratina schwarziana'' Terzo, 1998 * '' Ceratina sclerops'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina sculpturata'' Smith, 1858 * '' Ceratina seikii'' Sung & Shiokawa, 2012 * '' Ceratina senegalensis'' Strand, 1912 * ''

Ceratina sequoiae ''Ceratina sequoiae'' is a species of small carpenter bee in the family Apidae Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most commonly seen bees, inc ...

'' Michener, 1936 * '' Ceratina sericea'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina shinnersi'' Daly, 1973 * ''

Ceratina silvicola The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Shiokawa, 2015 * '' Ceratina simillima'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina smaragdula'' (Fabricius, 1787) * '' Ceratina spectata'' Shiokawa, 2015 * '' Ceratina speculifrons'' Cockerell, 1920 * '' Ceratina speculina'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina spilota'' Cockerell, 1932 * '' Ceratina spinipes'' Shiokawa, 2009 * ''

Ceratina splendida The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Shiokawa, 2008 * '' Ceratina stilbonota'' Moure, 1941 * '' Ceratina strenua'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina stuckenbergi'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina subcarinata'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * ''

Ceratina subquadrata The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Smith, 1854 * '' Ceratina subscintilla'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina sutepensis'' Cockerell, 1929 * ''

Ceratina tabescens The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cockerell, 1912 * ''

Ceratina taborae The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Strand, 1912 * '' Ceratina takasagona'' Shiokawa & Hirashima, 1982 * '' Ceratina takeshii'' Shiokawa, 2008 * '' Ceratina tanganyicensis'' Strand, 1911 * '' Ceratina tanoi'' Shiokawa, 2010 * '' Ceratina tantilla'' (Moure, 1941) * '' Ceratina tarsata'' Morawitz, 1872 * ''

Ceratina tejonensis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Cresson, 1864 * '' Ceratina tenkeana'' Cockerell, 1937 * '' Ceratina tepetlana'' Flórez-Gómez et al., 2022 * '' Ceratina teunisseni'' Terzo & Rasmont, 1997 * '' Ceratina texana'' Daly, 1973 * '' Ceratina tibialis'' Morawitz, 1895 * '' Ceratina timberlakei'' Daly, 1973 * '' Ceratina titusi'' Cockerell, 1903 * '' Ceratina triangulifera'' Cockerell, 1914 * '' Ceratina tricolor'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratina trimaculata'' Friese, 1917 * '' Ceratina tropica'' Crawford, 1910 * '' Ceratina truncata'' Friese, 1905 * '' Ceratina tucumana'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * '' Ceratina turgida'' (Moure, 1941) * '' Ceratina umbricosta'' Roig-Alsina, 2013 * ''

Ceratina unicolor The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Friese, 1911 * '' Ceratina unimaculata'' Smith, 1879 * '' Ceratina velthuisi'' Terzo & Rasmont, 2001 * '' Ceratina verhoeffi'' Terzo & Rasmont, 1997 * '' Ceratina vernoniae'' Schrottky, 1920 * '' Ceratina virescens'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina viridicincta'' Cockerell, 1931 * '' Ceratina viridifrons'' Cockerell, 1934 * ''

Ceratina viridis The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Guérin-Méneville, 1844 * '' Ceratina volitans'' Schrottky, 1907 * '' Ceratina wagneri'' Friese, 1910 * '' Ceratina waini'' (Shiokawa & Sakagami, 1969) * ''

Ceratina warnckei The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Terzo, 1998 * ''

Ceratina whiteheadi The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Eardley & Daly, 2007 * '' Ceratina xanthocera'' (Moure, 1941) * '' Ceratina xanthostoma'' Cockerell, 1912 * ''

Ceratina yamanei The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 s ...

'' Sung & Shiokawa, 2012 * ''

Ceratina yasumatsui The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Hirashima, 1971 * '' Ceratina yonagunensis'' Shiokawa, 2011 * '' Ceratina yucatanica'' Cockerell, 1931 * ''

Ceratina zandeni The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Terzo, 1998 * ''

Ceratina zeteki The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' Cockerell, 1934 * '' Ceratina zwakhalsi'' Terzo & Rasmont, 1997 * † ''

Ceratina disrupta The cosmopolitan bee genus ''Ceratina'', often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and is not closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees. The genus presently contains over 300 species in 23 ...

'' (Cockerell 1906)

References

External links

Guide to the ''Ceratina'' of Eastern North America.
USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. {{Taxonbar, from=Q1938968 Bee genera