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The Centrifuge Accommodations Module (CAM) is a cancelled element of the
International Space Station The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest modular space station currently in low Earth orbit. It is a multinational collaborative project involving five participating space agencies: NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), JAXA ...
. Although the module was planned to contain several parts, the
centrifuge A centrifuge is a device that uses centrifugal force to separate various components of a fluid. This is achieved by spinning the fluid at high speed within a container, thereby separating fluids of different densities (e.g. cream from milk) or ...
still was considered the most important capability of the module.


History

The centrifuge would have provided controlled acceleration rates (
artificial gravity Artificial gravity is the creation of an inertial force that mimics the effects of a gravitational force, usually by rotation. Artificial gravity, or rotational gravity, is thus the appearance of a centrifugal force in a rotating frame of r ...
) for experiments and the capability to: *Expose a variety of biological specimens that are less than tall to artificial gravity levels between 0.01g and 2g. *Simultaneously provide two different artificial gravity levels. *Provide partial g and hyper g environment for specimens to investigate altered gravity effects and g-thresholds. *Provide short duration and partial g and hyper g environment for specimens to investigate temporal effects of gravity exposure. *Provide
Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's surfa ...
simulation environment on ISS to isolate
microgravity The term micro-g environment (also μg, often referred to by the term microgravity) is more or less synonymous with the terms ''weightlessness'' and ''zero-g'', but emphasising that g-forces are never exactly zero—just very small (on the I ...
effects on specimens. *Provide Earth simulation environment on ISS to allow specimens to recover from microgravity effects. *Provide
in situ ''In situ'' (; often not italicized in English) is a Latin phrase that translates literally to "on site" or "in position." It can mean "locally", "on site", "on the premises", or "in place" to describe where an event takes place and is used in ...
1g controls for specimens in micro-gravity. It was built by
JAXA The is the Japanese national air and space agency. Through the merger of three previously independent organizations, JAXA was formed on 1 October 2003. JAXA is responsible for research, technology development and launch of satellites into orb ...
's predecessor,
NASDA The , or NASDA, was a Japanese national space agency established on October 1, 1969 under the National Space Development Agency Law only for peaceful purposes. Based on the Space Development Program enacted by the Minister of Education, Culture, ...
, but owned by
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeeding t ...
, who obtained ownership of the CAM by trading in a free launch of the
Japanese Experiment Module Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...
Kibo to the Station. The CAM flight model along with the engineering model of the centrifuge rotor were manufactured. The CAM would have been attached to the zenith port on the Harmony module of the ISS. It was cancelled in 2005 alongside the
Habitation Module 250px, ISS Habitation module under construction in December 1997 The Habitation Module was a particular habitation module for the International Space Station was intended to be the Station's main living quarters designed with galley, toilet, show ...
and the
Crew Return Vehicle The Crew Return Vehicle (CRV), sometimes referred to as the Assured Crew Return Vehicle (ACRV), was a proposed dedicated lifeboat or escape module for the International Space Station (ISS). A number of different vehicles and designs were conside ...
, because of ISS cost overruns and scheduling problems in Shuttle assembly flights. It is now on display in an outdoor exhibit at the
Tsukuba Space Center The Tsukuba Space Center (TKSC) also known by its radio callsign Tsukuba, is the operations facility and headquarters for the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) located in Tsukuba Science City in Ibaraki Prefecture. The facility opened ...
in Japan.CAM Location
Japan Map's satellite image, Yahoo!


See also

*
Artificial gravity Artificial gravity is the creation of an inertial force that mimics the effects of a gravitational force, usually by rotation. Artificial gravity, or rotational gravity, is thus the appearance of a centrifugal force in a rotating frame of r ...
*
Space adaptation syndrome Space adaptation syndrome (SAS) or space sickness is a condition experienced by as many as half of all space travelers during their adaptation to weightlessness once in orbit. It is the opposite of terrestrial motion sickness since it occurs when ...
*
Space colonization Space colonization (also called space settlement or extraterrestrial colonization) is the use of outer space or celestial bodies other than Earth for permanent habitation or as extraterrestrial territory. The inhabitation and territori ...
* Nautilus-X#ISS centrifuge demonstration


References


External


Centrifuge
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) {{Use American English, date=January 2014 Centrifuges Cancelled spacecraft Components of the International Space Station