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The decennial Census of
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
has been conducted 16 times, as of 2021. While it has been undertaken every 10 years, beginning in 1872 under British Viceroy Lord Mayo, the first complete census was taken in 1881. Post 1949, it has been conducted by the
Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, founded in 1961 by Government of India Ministry of Home Affairs, for arranging, conducting and analysing the results of the demographic surveys of India including Census of India and Lingu ...
under the
Ministry of Home Affairs An interior ministry (sometimes called a ministry of internal affairs or ministry of home affairs) is a government department that is responsible for internal affairs. Lists of current ministries of internal affairs Named "ministry" * Ministry ...
,
Government of India The Government of India (ISO: ; often abbreviated as GoI), known as the Union Government or Central Government but often simply as the Centre, is the national government of the Republic of India, a federal democracy located in South Asia, c ...
. All the censuses since 1951 were conducted under the 1948 Census of India Act. The last
census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses incl ...
was held in 2011, whilst the next was to be held in 2021. But it has been postponed due to the
COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identif ...
. Historically, there has been a long time between collection of data and dissemination of data.


Census of India during British Rule

List of censuses conducted in India before independence: * 1872 Census of india *
1881 Census of India The Census of India prior to independence was conducted periodically from 1865 to 1941. The censuses were primarily concerned with administration and faced numerous problems in their design and conduct ranging from the absence of house numbering ...
*
1891 Census of India The 1891 Census of India was conducted by the British Raj and covered the lands now part of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Burma. The Census Commissioner was Jervoise Athelstane Baines, who was later knighted for his work in India. Baines change ...
* 1901 Census of India *
1911 Census of India The Census of India prior to Independence of India, independence was conducted periodically from 1865 to 1941. The censuses were primarily concerned with administration and faced numerous problems in their design and conduct ranging from the abse ...
* 1921 Census of India * 1931 Census of India *
1941 Census of India The Census of India prior to independence was conducted periodically from 1865 to 1941. The censuses were primarily concerned with administration and faced numerous problems in their design and conduct ranging from the absence of house numbering ...


Census of Republic of India

List of censuses conducted in India after independence: * 1951 Census of India *
1961 Census of India The 1961 Census of India was the tenth in a series of censuses held in India every decade since 1872. The population of India was counted as 438,936,918 people. Population by state Language data The 1961 census recognized 1,652 ''mother tong ...
* 1971 Census of India * 1981 Census of India *
1991 Census of India The 1991 Census of India was the 13th in a series of censuses held in India every decade since 1872. The population of India was counted as 838,583,988. Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO, EOLSS Publishers, Paris, France Retrieved 17 Dec ...
*
2001 Census of India The 2001 Census of India was the 14th in a series of censuses held in India every decade since 1871. The population of India was counted as 1,028,737,436 consisting of 532,223,090 males and 496,514,346 females. Total population increased by 18 ...
*
2011 Census of India The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...
* 2021 Census of India


See also

*
Demographics of India India is the second most populated country in the world with a sixth of the world's population. According to official estimates, India's population stood at 1.38 billion. Between 1975 and 2010, the population doubled to 1.2 billio ...
* List of states and union territories of India by population *
List of cities in India by population The following tables are the list of cities in India by population. Often cities are bifurcated into multiple regions (municipalities) which results in creation of cities within cities which may figure in the list. The entire work of this article ...
*
List of towns in India by population The entire work of this article is based on the 2011 Census of India, conducted by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, under Ministry of Home Affairs (India), Government of India. Categorization Census of India (2011) ...
*
List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India India is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people. India consists of twenty-eight states and eight union territories. It is a home to ...
*
List of states in India by past population India is a union of twenty-eight states and Eight union territories. As of 2011, with an estimated population of 1.210 billion, India is the world's second most populated country after the People's Republic of China. India occupies 2.4&nbs ...
*
List of states and union territories of India by sex ratio Sex ratio is used to describe the ratio of females to males in a population. In India, the sex ratio has been estimated via a number of methods and data sets including the decennial censuses, the National Family Health Surveys (NFHS), the Civi ...
*
List of Indian states and union territories by literacy rate Literacy rate in India is uneven and as such, different states and union territories of India have differences in their literacy rates. The following table shows the details from 1951 to 2011 census data on total literacy rate in percentage. A ...


References


Stamps issued by India Post


External links

* {{Asia topic, Census in Demographics of India