''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the
grass family
Poaceae () or Gramineae () is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and ...
. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa,
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
, the
Americas
The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World.
Along with th ...
, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “sticky bur”. Such names allude to the sharp, spine-covered
burr
Burr may refer to:
Places
* Burr (crater), on the Jovian moon Callisto
*Burr, Minnesota, an unincorporated community, United States
* Burr, Missouri, an unincorporated community, United States
*Burr, Nebraska, a village, United States
* Burr, Sa ...
s characterizing the inflorescences of the members of the genus.
Some botanists include the genus within the related genus ''
Pennisetum
''Pennisetum'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. They are known commonly as fountaingrasses (fountain grasses).The Plant List search for Cenchrus /ref>
* ''
Cenchrus abyssinicus
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
Mpumalanga
Mpumalanga () is a province of South Africa. The name means "East", or literally "The Place Where the Sun Rises" in the Swazi, Xhosa, Ndebele and Zulu languages. Mpumalanga lies in eastern South Africa, bordering Eswatini and Mozambique. It ...
* ''
Cenchrus agrimonioides
''Cenchrus agrimonioides'' is a rare species of grass in the family Poaceae that is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Its common names include Kāmanomano and agrimony sandbur. It was formerly distributed throughout the major islands but today i ...
Hawaiian Islands
The Hawaiian Islands ( haw, Nā Mokupuni o Hawai‘i) are an archipelago of eight major islands, several atolls, and numerous smaller islets in the North Pacific Ocean, extending some from the island of Hawaii in the south to northernmost Kur ...
* ''
Cenchrus arnhemicus
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
Cenchrus biflorus
''Cenchrus biflorus'' is a species of annual grass in the family Poaceae. Common names include Indian sandbur, ''Bhurat'' or ''Bhurut'' in India, ''Haskaneet'' in Sudan, ''Aneeti'' in the Arabic dialect of Mauritania, ''K 'arangiya'' in the ...
'' Roxb. – ''kram-kram'' - Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent, Madagascar
* ''
Cenchrus brevisetosus
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
Cenchrus brownii
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
'' Roem. & Schult. - North + South America, West Indies
* ''
Cenchrus caliculatus
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
'' Cav. - Australia, New Zealand, assorted islands in Pacific + Indian Oceans
* ''
Cenchrus ciliaris
''Cenchrus ciliaris'' (buffel-grass or African foxtail grass; syn. ''Pennisetum ciliare'' (L.) Link) is a species of grass native to most of Africa, southern Asia (east to India), southern Iran, and the extreme south of Europe (Sicily). Other na ...
'' L. – buffelgrass - Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent, Sicily; naturalized as a nutritious arid land pasture in parts of North and South America, Australia,Henry DR Pasture plants of Southern Inland Queensland. DPI. 1995 Southeast Asia, various islands; considered noxious weed in some places
* ''
Cenchrus distichophyllus
''Cenchrus distichophyllus'' is a grass species native to Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and severa ...
'' - Cuba
* ''
Cenchrus echinatus
''Cenchrus echinatus'' is a species of grass known by the common names southern sandbur, spiny sandbur, southern sandspur, and in Australia, Mossman River grass.Cenchrus elegans
''Cenchrus elegans'' is a species of plants in the grass family. It is found in Malesia.
References
External links
''Cenchrus elegans''at IPNI
''Cenchrus elegans''at Tropicos
Tropicos is an online botanical database containing taxonomi ...
'' Veldkamp - Malesia
* ''
Cenchrus elymoides
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand sp ...
'' - Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
* ''
Cenchrus gracillimus
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
'' Nash - West Indies, southeastern USA
* ''
Cenchrus longispinus
''Cenchrus longispinus'' is a species of grass, also known as spiny burr grass or gentle Annie. Its fruits are clumped into " burrs" with sharp, barbed spines that can penetrate the hides and mouth of grazing animals. They can also become lodged ...
'' (Hack.) Fern. – mat sandbur - Canada, USA, Mexico
* ''
Cenchrus mitis
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
Cenchrus multiflorus
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
'' J.Presl - Mexico, Central America
* ''
Cenchrus myosuroides
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
'' Kunth - North + South America, West Indies
* ''
Cenchrus palmeri
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “s ...
Baja California Sur
Baja California Sur (; 'South Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California Sur ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California Sur), is the least populated state and the 31st admitted state of the 32 federal ent ...
,
Sonora
Sonora (), officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sonora), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is d ...
,
Sinaloa
Sinaloa (), officially the Estado Libre y Soberano de Sinaloa ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sinaloa), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is d ...
, Arizona
* ''
Cenchrus pennisetiformis
''Cenchrus pennisetiformis'', commonly known in Australia as the Cloncurry, white or slender buffel grass, is a species of grass in the genus ''Cenchrus''. It is native to parts of East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent, a ...
'' Steud. - Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent
* ''
Cenchrus pilosus
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “sti ...
'' Kunth - from central Mexico to northern Chile
* ''
Cenchrus platyacanthus
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “sti ...
Cenchrus prieurii
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “sti ...
'' -
Sahara
, photo = Sahara real color.jpg
, photo_caption = The Sahara taken by Apollo 17 astronauts, 1972
, map =
, map_image =
, location =
, country =
, country1 =
, ...
, Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent,
Myanmar
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...
Cenchrus robustus
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “sti ...
'' - Queensland, New South Wales
* ''
Cenchrus setaceus
''Cenchrus setaceus'', commonly known as crimson fountaingrass, is a C4 carbon fixation, C4 Perennial plant, perennial bunch grass that is native to open, scrubby habitats in East Africa, tropical Africa, the Middle East and south-western Asia. ...
'' – tender fountain grass, crimson fountaingrass – northern Africa, southwestern Asia; naturalized in Australia, New Zealand, scattered places in Europe and the Americas
* ''
Cenchrus setiger
''Cenchrus setiger'' (syn. ''Pennisetum setigerum''), the birdwood grass, is a species in the grass family Poaceae. It native to drier parts of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, India, and as far as Myanmar, and has been introduced to the Unit ...
'' Vahl - Sahara, East Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Indian Subcontinent, Myanmar,
Andaman & Nicobar
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a union territory of India consisting of 572 islands, of which 37 are inhabited, at the junction of the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. The territory is about north of Aceh in Indonesia and separated fro ...
* ''
Cenchrus somalensis
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.
Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur “sti ...
'' - Somalia
* ''
Cenchrus spinifex
''Cenchrus spinifex'', known commonly as the common sandbur, coastal sandbur, or stickerweed, is a perennial grass that grows from high in sandy or gravelly terrain. It is native to the southern United States southward into Mexico and the Carib ...
'' Cav. – coastal sandbur - North + South America, West Indies
* ''
Cenchrus tribuloides
''Cenchrus tribuloides'', the dune sandbur, is a grass common along the east coast of the mainland United States as well as Hawaii. It is also known as the sanddune sandbur, long-spine sandbur or sand-dune sandspur and is common in sandy, marshy, ...
'' L. – sanddune sandbur - North + South America, West Indies
; Formerly included
Several species are now considered better suited to other genera: ''
Anthephora
''Anthephora'' is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to southwest Asia, Africa, the Americas, and various islands.
; Species
* '' Anthephora ampullacea'' - Guinea, Nigeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola
* '' Anthephora ar ...
,
Centotheca
''Centotheca'' is a genus of African, Asian, and Pacific Island plants in the grass family.
; Species
* '' Centotheca lappacea'' (L.) Desv. - tropical western + central Africa; Madagascar, China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, numerous islands of t ...
,
Dactyloctenium
''Dactyloctenium'' is a genus of Asian, African, and Australian plants in the grass family. There are about 13 species in the genus in the world, in which 3 are known to occur in India. A common name for the plants is crowfoot grasses.
;Specie ...
,
Echinaria
''Echinaria'' is a genus of Eurasian and North African plants in the grass family. The only known species is ''Echinaria capitata'', native to the Mediterranean Region as well as the Southwest and Central Asia (from Portugal and Morocco to Kaza ...
Hackelochloa
''Hackelochloa'' is a genus of Asian and African plants in the grass family.
The genus was named after Eduard Hackel, an Austrian botanist, by Otto Kuntze, in 1891.
Species
*'' Hackelochloa granularis'' ( L.) Kuntze - sub-Saharan Africa; ...
Pennisetum
''Pennisetum'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. They are known commonly as fountaingrasses (fountain grasses).Phragmites,
Scleria
''Scleria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. They are known commonly as nutrushes.
,
Setaria
''Setaria'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. The name is derived from the Latin word ''seta'', meaning "bristle" or "hair", which refers to the bristly spikelets.
The genus includes over 100 species distributed in many tr ...
, Trachys, Tragus, Tribolium''.
File:Sand spur with centimeter scale.jpg, Sand spur in front of a centimeter scale
File:Sandspurs 2.jpg, Sandspurs with 1mm markings