''Cedecea'' is a genus of extremely rare

bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among ...

of the family

Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacteriaceae is a large family (biology), family of Gram-negative bacteria. It was first proposed by Rahn in 1936, and now includes over 30 genera and more than 100 species. Its classification above the level of family is still a subject ...

. The name of this genus was derived from CDC, the abbreviation for the

Centers for Disease Control The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the national public health agency of the United States. It is a United States federal agency, under the Department of Health and Human Services, and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgi ...

where the initial members of this genus were discovered. This genus resembles no other group of Enterobacteriaceae.Grimont, P. A. D., Grimont, F., Farmer III, J. J., and Asbury, M. A. (1981)
''Cedecea davisae'' gen. nov., sp. nov. and ''Cedecea lapagei'' sp. nov., New ''Enterobacteriaceae'' from clinical specimens.
''International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology'' 31, 317-326. ''Cedecea'' bacteria are

Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall ...

bacillus ''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum ''Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli ...

in shape, motile, nonencapsulated, and non-spore-forming.Mawardi, H., Pavlakis, M., Mandelbrot, D., Woo, S. B. (2010)
Sirolimus oral ulcer with ''Cedecea davisae'' superinfection.
''Transpl Infect Dis'' 12, 446-450.Abate,G., Qureshi, S., and Mazumder, S. A. (2011)
''Cedecea davisae'' bacteremia in a neutropenic patient with acute myeloid leukemia.
''Journal of Infection'' 63, 83-85. The strains of ''Cedecea'' appear to be similar to those of ''

Serratia ''Serratia'' is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria of the family Yersiniaceae. According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing Nomenclature (LPSN), there are currently 19 species of ''Serratia'' that ar ...

''. Both ''Cedecea'' and ''Serratia'' are lipase positive and resistant to

colistin Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, is an antibiotic medication used as a last-resort treatment for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections including pneumonia. These may involve bacteria such as ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', '' Klebsiella ...

and

cephalothin Cefalotin (INN) or cephalothin (USAN) is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It was the first cephalosporin marketed (1964) and continues to be widely used. It is an intravenously administered agent with a similar antimicrobial spec ...

; however, ''Cedecea'' is unable to hydrolyze gelatin or DNA.Farmer III, J. J., Sheth, N. K., Hudzinski, J. A., Rose, H. D., Asbury, M. F. (1982)
Bacteremia due to ''Cedecea neteri'' sp. nov.
''Journal of Clinical Microbiology'' 16, 775-778.Perkins, S. R., Beckett, T. A., Bump, C. M. (1986)
''Cedecea davisae'' bacteremia.
''Journal of Clinical Microbiology'' 24, 675-676.Dalamaga, M., Karmaniolas, K., Arsenis, G., Pantelaki, M., Daskalopoulou, K., Papadavid, E., and Migdalis, I. (2008)
''Cedecea lapagei'' bacteremia following cement-related chemical burn injury.
''Burns'' 34, 1205-1207.

History of Genus

''Cedecea'' bacteria were discovered in 1977 by a group of scientists at the CDC and were initially named “Enteric Group 15”.Dalamaga, M., and Vrioni, G. (2011). ''Cedecea''. ''Molecular detection of human bacterial pathogens'', 817-825. In 1980, Patrick A. D. Grimont and Francine Grimont proposed the genus name of ''Cedecea'' for this group. This particular name was given to "Enteric Group 15" for the abbreviation of the Center for Disease Control (CDC) where the group of bacteria was discovered. At this time, six species have been identified. Currently, three strains have been named while three remain unnamed. '' Cedecea davisae'' was named after Betty Davis. Davis is an American bacteriologist who has contributed to serological and biochemical identification of Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. ''Cedecea lapagei'' was named after Stephen Lapage, who is a British bacteriologist. Lapage has contributed to bacterial systematics as the editor of ''Bacteriological Code''. Lapage has also made many contributions to the family Enterobacteriaceae. ''Cedecea neteri'' was named after Erwin Neter. Neter is an American microbiologist and physician. Like Davis and Lapage, Neter has contributed to the family Enterobacteriaceae.

Clinical

''Cedecea'' strains are rarely isolated from the environment or living human tissues. However, strains have, at one or more times, been isolated from the following human specimen: sputum, blood, skin wounds, gall bladder, urine and lung tissue. These specimen were collected from a handful of patients who were elderly, medically compromised or immunocompromised. Even though these strains have been isolated, their role in disease and clinical significance is yet to be discovered.

Treatment

Patients who are infected with ''Cedecea'' can benefit from antibiotic therapy; however, this can be a challenge due to ''Cedecea'' strains being resistant to a range of antimicrobial agents. ''Cedecea'' strains are resistant to the following antimicrobial agents: cephalothin, extended spectrium cephalosporins, colistin, and several aminoglycosides.

Ecology

Several members of the ''Entereobacteriaceae'' live in the intestines of other organisms, and ''Cedecea'' have been isolated in wild tsetse flies and cockroaches. In humans, ''Cedecea'' has been located in the blood and saliva, wounds and abscesses, and in ulcerated tissue. The bacteria has been isolated and a limited amount of samples have been taken. Although resistant to several antibiotics, ''Cedecea'' - along with several other bacteria - has been shown to be subject to high antibacterial activity from ''Bovine lactoperoxidase''.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5057036 Enterobacteriaceae Bacteria genera