Cecil John Cadoux (1883 – 16 August 1947) was a British

Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

theologian Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the ...

and writer.

Career

He was born in

Smyrna Smyrna ( ; grc, Σμύρνη, Smýrnē, or , ) was a Greek city located at a strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. Due to its advantageous port conditions, its ease of defence, and its good inland connections, Smyrna rose to promi ...

(Turkey), the third son of William H. Cadoux and Emma Temple Cadoux. He was a student at Mansfield College, Oxford, where he was appointed (1914) Isherwood Fellow and Lecturer in Hebrew. He moved to the Yorkshire United Independent College at Shipley, in 1919, as professor of New Testament Criticism, Exegesis and Theology and of Christian Sociology. In 1933 he returned to

Oxford Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...

as Mackennal professor of Church History and vice-principal of Mansfield College. He was a Congregationalist. Linked also to the

Quakers Quakers are people who belong to a historically Protestant Christian set of denominations known formally as the Religious Society of Friends. Members of these movements ("theFriends") are generally united by a belief in each human's abil ...

, he participated to the

Friends' Ambulance Unit The Friends' Ambulance Unit (FAU) was a volunteer ambulance service, founded by individual members of the British Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), in line with their Peace Testimony. The FAU operated from 1914–1919, 1939–1946 and 1946 ...

as a

conscientious objector A conscientious objector (often shortened to conchie) is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion. The term has also been extended to object ...

in the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

. He wrote many books on

Christian Pacifism Christian pacifism is the theological and ethical position according to which pacifism and non-violence have both a scriptural and rational basis for Christians, and affirms that any form of violence is incompatible with the Christian faith. Chr ...

, including ''Christian Pacifism Re-examined'' (1940). During the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

Cadoux's two sons became conscientious objectors, and also served in the FAU.Elaine Kaye, ''C.J. Cadoux : theologist, scholar and pacifist''. Edinburgh University Press, 1988. (pp. 166-75) He married Marguerite Asplin. At the time of his death, Cadoux was considering to write a book on the humane treatment of animals. He was a strict vegetarian.Cadoux, Cecil John (1883–1947)
oxforddnb.com. Retrieved 14 January 2023. He died on 16 August 1947 at his home in Oxford.

Bibliography

* ''The Early Christian Attitude To War: a contribution to the history of Christian ethics'' (1919) * ''The Guidance of Jesus for Today'' (1920) * ''The Christian Crusade: a study in the supreme purpose of life'' (1924) * ''The Message about the Cross: a fresh study of the doctrine of the atonement'' (1924) * ''The Early Church and the World: a history of the Christian attitude to pagan society and the state down to the time of Constantius'' (1925) * ''The Resurrection and Second Advent of Jesus'' (1927) * ''Catholicism and Christianity: a vindication of progressive Protestantism'' (1928) * ''The Possibility of a United Christendom: from the standpoint of the Congregational Communion'' (1937) * ''The Case for Evangelical Modernism: a study of the relation between Christian faith and traditional theology'' (1938) * ''Ancient Smyrna: a history of the city from the earliest times to 324 A.D.'' (1938) * ''Christian Pacifism Re-Examined'' (1940) * ''The Historic Mission of Jesus: a constructive re-examination of the eschatological teaching in the synoptic gospels'' (1941) * ''A Pilgrim's Further Progress: dialogues on Christian teaching'' (1943) * ''Philip of Spain and the Netherlands: an essay on moral judgments in history'' (1947) * ''The Life of Jesus'' (1948)

References

External links

* ''The Early Christian Attitude To War'' on Wikisource
''The Guidance of Jesus for Today'' on line
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cadoux, Cecil John 1883 births 1947 deaths 20th-century British theologians Alumni of Mansfield College, Oxford British conscientious objectors British Christian pacifists English Christian pacifists English Christian theologians Fellows of Mansfield College, Oxford People associated with the Friends' Ambulance Unit