The Caucasian Front () was a

front Front may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''The Front'' (1943 film), a 1943 Soviet drama film * ''The Front'', 1976 film Music * The Front (band), an American rock band signed to Columbia Records and active in the 1980s and e ...

of the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...

during the

Russian Civil War , date = October Revolution, 7 November 1917 – Yakut revolt, 16 June 1923{{Efn, The main phase ended on 25 October 1922. Revolt against the Bolsheviks continued Basmachi movement, in Central Asia and Tungus Republic, the Far East th ...

which existed between January 16, 1920 and May 29, 1921, and was the continuation of the

Southeastern Front The Southeastern Front was a front of the Red Army during World War II. It was formed on August 5, 1942, out of parts of the Stalingrad Front, using the command elements from the First Tank Army and the disbanded Southern Front. The front's mai ...

. The Front headquarters were located in

Millerovo Millerovo (russian: Миллерово) is the name of several inhabited localities in Rostov Oblast, Russia. ;Urban localities *Millerovo, Millerovsky District, Rostov Oblast, a town in Millerovsky District ;Rural localities * Millerovo, Kuyby ...

, and then in

Rostov-on-Don Rostov-on-Don ( rus, Ростов-на-Дону, r=Rostov-na-Donu, p=rɐˈstof nə dɐˈnu) is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East Eu ...

. Its task was completing the liquidation of the North Caucasian group of

Denikin Anton Ivanovich Denikin (russian: Анто́н Ива́нович Дени́кин, link= ; 16 December Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._4_December.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New St ...

's Army and conquering the Caucasus.

Operations

The troops of the Caucasian Front conducted the Don–Manych Operation in January-February 1920. During the 2nd and 3rd stages of the North Caucasian operation it defeated the troops of

and occupied the North Caucasus, seizing more than 100.000 prisoners, 330 guns and more than 500 machine guns.
In August-September 1920, the troops of the Caucasian Front defeated the White

Ulagay's Landing Ulagay's Landing is the generally accepted name for a military operation by Pyotr Wrangel's White Russian Army, under command of Sergei Ulagay, against the Red Army in the Kuban between August 14 and September 7, 1920 during the Russian Civil W ...

in Kuban. In Autumn 1920 - Spring 1921, the Caucasian Front established Soviet power in

Baku Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...

Tiflis Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of approximately 1.5 million pe ...

Kutaisi Kutaisi (, ka, ქუთაისი ) is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and the third-most populous city in Georgia, traditionally, second in importance, after the capital city of Tbilisi. Situated west of Tbilis ...

Batumi Batumi (; ka, ბათუმი ) is the second largest city of Georgia and the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Adjara, located on the coast of the Black Sea in Georgia's southwest. It is situated in a subtropical zone at the foot of th ...

Erivan Yerevan ( , , hy, Երևան , sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and in ...

and the rest of

Transcaucasia The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Arme ...

. The Front was disbanded on May 29, 1921, and its troops and administration were transferred to the Separate Caucasian Army and the

North Caucasian Military District The North Caucasus Military District was a military district of the Russian Armed Forces, which became in 2010 the Southern Military District and lately also included the Black Sea Fleet and Caspian Flotilla. It comprised the Republic of Adygeya, ...

Composition

* 8th Army (Jan. 16 - March 20, 1920), * 9th Army (Jan. 16, 1920 - May 29, 1921), * 10th Army (Jan. 16 - July 4, 1920), * 10th Terek-Dagestan Army (March 7 - May 29, 1921), * 11th Army (Jan. 16, 1920 - May 29, 1921), *

1st Cavalry Army __NOTOC__ The 1st Cavalry Army (russian: Первая конная армия, Pervaya konnaya armiya) was a prominent Red Army military formation. It was also known as "Budyonny's Cavalry Army" or simply as ''Konarmia'' (Кона́рмия, "Horse ...

(January 16 - March 18, 1920), * Reserve Army (September-December 1920), * Maritime Expeditionary Division (Aug.-Sept., Nov.-Dec. 1920), * Ekaterinodar and Yeisk fortified areas, * 2nd Aviation Fleet

Commanders

Vasily Shorin Vasily Ivanovich Shorin (russian: Василий Иванович Шорин; 26 December 1870 January 1871 Kalyazin ''–'' 29 June 1938, Leningrad) was a Soviet military commander, who commanded several military units of the Red Army during th ...

(January 16 - 24, 1920) * Fedor Afanasyev ''acting'', (January 24 - February 3, 1920) *

Mikhail Tukhachevsky Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevsky ( rus, Михаил Николаевич Тухачевский, Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevskiy, p=tʊxɐˈtɕefskʲɪj; – 12 June 1937) nicknamed the Red Napoleon by foreign newspapers, was a Sovie ...

(February 4 - April 24, 1920) *

Ivar Smilga Ivar Tenisovich Smilga (russian: И́вар Тени́сович Сми́лга, lv, Ivars Smilga; 1892–1938) was a Latvian Bolshevik leader, Soviet politician and economist. He was a member of the Left Opposition in the Soviet Union. Early l ...

(April 24 - May 15, 1920) *

Vladimir Gittis Vladimir Mikhailovich Gittis (Russian: Влади́мир Миха́йлович Ги́ттис; 24 June 1881 – 22 August 1938) was a Soviet military commander and komkor. He fought in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I before going o ...

(May 15, 1920 - May 29, 1921)

Members of the Revolutionary Military Council

Valentin Trifonov Valentin Andreyevich Trifonov (Russian: Валентин Андреевич Трифонов; 8 September 1888 – 15 March 1938) was a Bolshevik activist, Soviet politician and one of the leaders of Cossack revolutionary forces who played a m ...

(January 16, 1920 - May 29, 1921) *

(January 16 - May 21, 1920, January 26 - May 29, 1921) *

Sergey Ivanovich Gusev Sergei Ivanovich Gusev (AKA "Gussev") (Russian: Серге́й Ива́нович Гу́сев) (real name - Yakov Davidovich Drabkin: Russian — Я́ков Дави́дович Дра́бкин) (1 January 1874 – 10 June 1933) was a Russian re ...

(January 16 - August 29, 1920) *

Sergo Ordzhonikidze Sergo Konstantinovich Ordzhonikidze,, ; russian: Серго Константинович Орджоникидзе, Sergo Konstantinovich Ordzhonikidze) born Grigol Konstantines dze Orjonikidze, russian: Григорий Константино ...

(February 3, 1920 - May 29, 1921) * Sergei Markov (June 22, 1920 - May 29, 1921) *

Arkady Rosengolts Arkady Pavlovich Rosengolts (Russian: Арка́дий Па́влович Розенго́льц; 4 November 1889 – 15 March 1938; sometimes spelled Rosengoltz or Rosenholz) was a Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet military leader, politician an ...

(August 23 - September 5, 1920)

Chiefs of Staff

* Fedor Afanasyev (January 16 - February 23, 1920) * V. V. Lyubimov (February 23 - March 6, 1920) *

Semyon Pugachov Semyon Andreevich Pugachov (Russian: Семён Андреевич Пугачёв; 26 February 1889 – 23 March 1943) was a Russian soldier who served in the Russian Imperial and Soviet armed forces. He served in World War I and obtained the ...

(March 7, 1920 - May 29, 1921) {{Soviet fronts of the Russian Civil War Soviet units and formations of the Russian Civil War Military units and formations established in 1920 Military units and formations disestablished in 1921 Soviet fronts