The Catuá-Ipixuna Extractive Reserve ( pt, Reserva Extrativista Catuá-Ipixuna) is an extractive reserve in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. It takes its name from two lakes that drain into the

Solimões River Solimões () is the name often given to upper stretches of the Amazon River in Brazil from its confluence with the Rio Negro upstream to the border of Peru. Geography The Amazon / Solimões river just above the confluence of the Solimões and ...

, or Upper Amazon, and is covered in Amazon rainforest.

Location

The Catuá-Ipixuna Extractive Reserve is divided between the municipalities of

Tefé Tefé, known in early accounts as Teffé, is a municipality in the state of Amazonas, northern Brazil. Location Tefé is located about 525 km by air or 595 km by river to the west of Manaus on the south bank of the Rio Solimões (th ...

(33.85%) and

Coari Coari (''Choary'') is a Brazilian municipality in the Amazon region. Location The municipal seat of Coari is one of the largest cities of the Amazonas state. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Coari. The area has reserves of oil a ...

( 66.15%) in the state of Amazonas. It has an area of . The reserve is from Manaus. It is on the south (right) bank of the

between the towns of Coari and Tefé. It does not adjoin any other protected area or indigenous territory. The reserve is in relatively flat country with altitudes of around in the basins of the Catuá and Ipixuna lakes and the Solimões River.

History

Catuá-Ipixuna is the first extractive reserve to be created by the Amazonas government. The reserve was created by Amazonas state decree 23.722 of 5 September 2003. It became part of the Central Amazon Ecological Corridor, established in 2002. Exploitation of mineral resources and amateur or professional hunting is prohibited. Commercial exploitation of timber resources is only allowed on a sustainable basis and in special situations. Related activities may be undertaken in the reserve as provided in the management plan. On 28 July 2004 the reserve, with an area of was recognised as meeting the needs of 300 families of small farmers, who would qualify for

PRONAF The agriculture of Brazil is historically one of the principal bases of Brazil's economy. While its initial focus was on sugarcane, Brazil eventually became the world's largest exporter of coffee, soybeans, beef, and crop-based ethanol. The s ...

support. The reserve's council was created on 28 January 2008. The management plan is dated February 2010. It was issued on 31 December 2010 although it was not made official by a decree or other legislative instrument. As of 2016 the reserve was supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program.

Environment

The climate is hot and humid. Temperatures vary from . Average annual rainfall is . Vegetation includes terra firma forest and lowland várzea and

igapó Igapó (, from Old Tupi: "root forest") is a word used in Brazil for blackwater-flooded forests in the Amazon biome. These forests and similar swamp forests are seasonally inundated with freshwater. They typically occur along the lower reaches of ...

forest. The terra firm forest includes typical dense and open Amazon rainforest, with dense forest predominating. The soil is fertile and supports a high level of botanical diversity. Trees include a significant number with economic value. The open forest includes a wide variety of palm trees. More than 70 species of reptiles have been identified. Fish in the two lakes include abundant members of the genera ''

Potamorhina ''Potamorhina'' is a genus of toothless characin from South America, with these currently described species: * '' Potamorhina altamazonica'' (Cope, 1878) * '' Potamorhina laticeps'' (Valenciennes, 1850) * '' Potamorhina latior'' (Spix & Agassiz ...

'', ''

Psectrogaster ''Psectrogaster'' is a genus of toothless characins from South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemispher ...

'' and '' Curimata''. Important bird species include the

toco toucan The toco toucan (''Ramphastos toco''), also known as the common toucan or giant toucan, is the largest and probably the best known species in the toucan family. It is found in semi-open habitats throughout a large part of central and eastern Sou ...

(''Ramphastos toco'') and Klages's antwren (''Myrmotherula klagesi''), both in the extreme west of their ranges, and the little-known

wattled curassow The wattled curassow (''Crax globulosa'') is a threatened member of the family Cracidae, the curassows, guans, and chachalacas. It is found in remote rainforests in the western Amazon basin in South America. Males have black plumage, except ...

(''Crax globulosa'') of the várzea, which may be threatened with extinction.

Economy

In 2006 it was estimated that there were 287 families in the reserve, with 1,457 people. A floating support base for the reserve has been installed at the mouth of Catuá Lake, and the reserve has an office in the town of Tefé. There are 16 communities in the reserve. Access is via float plane or boat. The main source of income for the residents is production of flour, and the sale of cassava and bananas. They also extract

Brazil nut The Brazil nut (''Bertholletia excelsa'') is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and it is also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds. It is one of the largest and longest-lived trees in the Amazon rainforest. ...

s and practice subsistence fishing and hunting.

Notes

Sources

* * * * {{authority control 2003 establishments in Brazil Extractive reserves of Brazil Protected areas of Amazonas (Brazilian state)