Castlereagh is a
suburb of
Sydney, in the state of
New South Wales
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, nickname =
, image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates:
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = Australia
, established_title = Before federation
, es ...
,
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
. Castlereagh is north-west of the
Sydney central business district, in the
local government area of the
City of Penrith
The City of Penrith is a local government area in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The seat of the city is located in Penrith, located about west of Sydney's central business district. It occupies part of the traditional lands of the ...
and is part of the
Greater Western Sydney region.
History
The suburb is one of the most historic sites in Australia's colonial history, being one of the five
Macquarie towns
Macquarie Towns or the Five Macquarie Towns is the collective term for the towns of Castlereagh, Pitt Town, Richmond, Wilberforce and Windsor, all located on and around the Hawkesbury River in New South Wales, Australia.
All five towns were esta ...
officially proclaimed on 6 December 1810.
Governor
Lachlan Macquarie recorded the following in his journal "the Township for the Evan or Nepean District I have named Castlereagh in honor (sic) of Lord
Viscount Castlereagh
A viscount ( , for male) or viscountess (, for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status.
In many countries a viscount, and its historical equivalents, was a non-hereditary, administrative or judici ...
",
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies 1805–1806. He, in turn, was named after
Castlereagh in
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
. The official Government and General Order issued from Government House, Sydney was dated 15 December 1810.
The earliest known European development was the building of ''
Hadley Park'', between what is now Castlereagh Road and the
Nepean River
Nepean River (Darug: Yandhai), is a major perennial river, located in the south-west and west of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The Nepean River and its associated mouth, the Hawkesbury River, almost encircles the metropolitan region of ...
. Charles Hadley was given a
grant
Grant or Grants may refer to:
Places
*Grant County (disambiguation)
Australia
* Grant, Queensland, a locality in the Barcaldine Region, Queensland, Australia
United Kingdom
* Castle Grant
United States
* Grant, Alabama
* Grant, Inyo County, ...
in 1803, and his house, ''Hadley Park'', was built . It still stands, largely intact. It has been said that it is difficult to overestimate the significance of this building. It was one of the earliest buildings in the colony and is "probably unique in its condition and setting". The property is listed on the
New South Wales State Heritage Register
The New South Wales State Heritage Register, also known as NSW State Heritage Register, is a heritage list of places in the state of New South Wales, Australia, that are protected by New South Wales legislation, generally covered by the Heritag ...
.
[
''Nepean Park'', , is also situated on Castlereagh Road, and was built by convict labour for John Single. A notable two-storey farmhouse in the ]Georgian
Georgian may refer to:
Common meanings
* Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country)
** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group
** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians
**Georgian scripts, three scrip ...
style, it was acquired by the Dixon family in 1934. It is listed on the (now defunct) Register of the National Estate and the NSW State Heritage Register.
Castlereagh Post Office opened on 1 April 1857 and closed in 1967.
After two hundred years, the rich river flats still provide for a thriving agricultural industry along the Nepean River
Nepean River (Darug: Yandhai), is a major perennial river, located in the south-west and west of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The Nepean River and its associated mouth, the Hawkesbury River, almost encircles the metropolitan region of ...
. Many of Penrith district's pioneering families had originated from Castlereagh. The suburb's historical importance is reflected in its many surviving farmhouses, outbuildings, churches and cemeteries.
Heritage listings
Castlereagh has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
* Castlereagh Road: Upper Castlereagh Public School
* 14-278 Old Castlereagh Road: Hadley Park
Demographics
According to the 2016 census, there were 1,171 residents in Castlereagh. 78.8% of people were born in Australia and 82.6% of people only spoke English at home. The most common responses for religion were Catholic 39.4%, Anglican 21.3% and No Religion 13.7%.
Transport
Castlereagh Road is one of the important transport links in Sydney connecting the Hawkesbury and Penrith regions.
Schools
The area has historic public school buildings, the Upper Castlereagh Public School and residence. Situated on Castlereagh Road, superseding a Wesleyan schoolhouse on the opposite side of the road, this was designed by G. A. Mansfield and constructed by James Evans, 1878-1879.[
There is also a K-12 parent-controlled Christian school, The Lakes Christian College. There is also a K-6 Principal controlled Primary school, Lower Castlereagh Public School, now known as Castlereagh Public School.
]
References
External links
Penrith Local Suburb Profiles
The Lakes Christian College
{{Sydney Penrith suburbs
Suburbs of Sydney
1810 establishments in Australia