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''Castilleja integra'', with the common name wholeleaf paintbrush, is an partially parasitic herbaceous perennial plant native to the Southwestern United States.
Description
Mature individuals of ''Castilleja integra'' are typically 9–50 cm in size, though they have been reported to grow as tall as 100 centimeters. The herbaceous stems regrow each season from a hard, woody structure called a caudex that is atop a substantialtaproot
A taproot is a large, central, and dominant root from which other roots sprout laterally. Typically a taproot is somewhat straight and very thick, is tapering in shape, and grows directly downward. In some plants, such as the carrot, the taproo ...
or stout branched roots.
All above ground parts of the plants, the leaves, bracts, stems, and flowers, are covered in light coating of soft down, technically called tomentum
Tomentum may refer to:
* Plant trichomes, a covering of closely matted or fine hairs on plant leaves.
* Tomentum (anatomy), short, soft pubescence or a covering of fine, soft hairs.
{{disambig ...
. The leaves are nearly entire
Entire may refer to:
* Entire function, a function that is holomorphic on the whole complex plane
* Entire (animal), an indication that an animal is not neutered
* Entire (botany)
This glossary of botanical terms is a list of definitions of ...
and the species name, "integra", refers to this.
The highly visible bracts are variable in color with occasional instances of rose, crimson, cerise, pale salmon, or pale yellow individuals, but most often an intense red-orange or orange flame color.
Distribution
The plant is found inArizona
Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ...
, Colorado
Colorado (, other variants) is a state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the wes ...
, New Mexico
)
, population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano)
, seat = Santa Fe
, LargestCity = Albuquerque
, LargestMetro = Tiguex
, OfficialLang = None
, Languages = English, Spanish ( New Mexican), Navajo, Ke ...
, and Texas
Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...
.
''Castilleja integra'' was first discovered in the Organ Mountains
The Organ Mountains (also known as La Sierra de los Órganos) are a rugged mountain range in southern New Mexico in the Southwestern United States. Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks National Monument was declared a national monument on May 21, 2 ...
of Southern New Mexico near El Paso, Texas
El Paso (; "the pass") is a city in and the county seat, seat of El Paso County, Texas, El Paso County in the western corner of the U.S. state of Texas. The 2020 population of the city from the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau w ...
by Charles Wright. Its first published description was in 1858 by Asa Gray.
Uses
The Zuni people used the root's bark, mixed with minerals, to dye deerskin black.Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians. SI-BAE Annual Report #30 (p. 80)References
integra Flora of Arizona Flora of Colorado Flora of New Mexico Flora of Texas Plant dyes {{Orobanchaceae-stub