Physical-chemical properties
Cashmeran is an alicyclic ketone with the molecular formula C14H22O and a molecular weight of 206 g/mol. At room temperature it occurs as a white solid but its melting point is 27 °C. Boiling point has been reported to be 256 °C, however in some tests decomposition of the material was noted at 220 °C.History
Cashmeran was discovered by International Flavors and Fragrances in the 1970s by John Hall. Its invention came about researching inexpensive chemical transformations from ingredients from the pentamethyl indane and tetramethyl naphthalene structures. As a result, Cashmeran, an unsaturated ketone, was identified as an important new fragrance ingredient.Odour
Although cashmeran has been described by some as a polycyclic musk, it is neither primarily a musk odour ingredient, nor does it belong to the polycyclic musk group as defined by the International Fragrance Association (IFRA). The IFRA definition defines a polycyclic musk as: * Being used primarily and uniquely for their musk odor * Having a molecular formula of C17H24O or C18H26O, and containing one central aromatic benzene ring. Although there are woody-musky notes to Cashmeran, its odour is complex with notes that are: rich spicy, fruity, chypre, balsamic and vanilla, overall intended to convey the soft sensuous feeling of cashmere (hence the trade name Cashmeran). As such, cashmeran is used to impart its own characteristic odour, which is completely different from regular musk ingredients. This is further reflected by its typical use level of around 2% compared to for instance the polycyclic musk HHCB (Environmental data
Cashmeran has a bio concentration factor (BCF) of 156 and anEnvironmental and human monitoring studies
Several monitoring studies have been conducted in various environmental compartments and humans. In most studies, DPMI was not detected. Some studies have reported trace levels of DPMI, where the reported levels were below 1 ppm, and typically below 1 ppb. Considering the environmental fate studies, the likelihood of DPMI being present in environmental media is small, and if present, at extremely low levels (i.e. below ppm).Human health
Cashmeran is a slight skin irritant and an eye irritant (R36/38 according to EU DSD, H315-319 according to EU CLP) and a weak sensitiser (R43/H317) with an EC3 of 33%. Cashmeran is not classified as toxic nor is it a CMR substanceMersch-Sundermann V. , Kevekordes S. and Jenter C. Lack of mutagenicity of polycyclic musk fragrances in Salmonella typhimurium. Toxicology in Vitro, 12(4), 389-393.References
{{reflist, 30em Perfume ingredients Enones