''Carpathica'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of air-breathing

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

s, terrestrial

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s in the family

Oxychilidae Oxychilidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Gastrodontoidea. Distribution The distribution of Oxychilidae includes the Nearctic, western-Palearctic, eastern-Palear ...

Distribution

Distribution of ''Carpathica'' include south-eastern Europe and

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

Description

Animal cannot withdraw into the shell. The shell is with 0.5-2

whorls A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral d ...

. The last whorl is much inflated.

Reproductive system The reproductive system of an organism, also known as the genital system, is the biological system made up of all the anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction. Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are als ...

: Penis is more or less long, usually cylindrical, with appendix (flagellum) at its terminal end. Vas deferens is inserting laterally (subterminally). Retractor connects at appendix. Vagina is usually shorter, surrounded by a vaginal gland in its posterior part. Spermatheca duct is usually short and usually inserting in the zone covered by the vaginal gland. The spermatheca is spherical or ovoid. Oviduct is usually short and sometimes thinner than penis and vagina. Atrium is short. ''Carpathica'' differs from ''

Daudebardia ''Daudebardia'' are small air-breathing land snails or semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropods in the family Oxychilidae Oxychilidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in t ...

'' in the presence of an appendix or flagellum at the apical end of the penis; vas deferens inserts subterminally (in ''Daudebardia'' terminally). If ''

Daudebardia transsylvanica ''Daudebardia'' are small air-breathing land snails or semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropods in the family Oxychilidae, the glass snails. Species Species within the genus ''Daudebardia'' include: ** ''Daudebardia brevipes'' (Draparnaud ...

'' is conspecific with ''

Carpathica langi ''Carpathica'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Oxychilidae. Distribution Distribution of ''Carpathica'' include south-eastern Europe and Turkey. Description Animal cannot wit ...

'', which is likely if results by

Alexandru Vasile Grossu Alexandru is the Romanian language, Romanian form of the name Alexander. Common diminutives are Alecu, Alex (disambiguation), Alex, and Sandu (disambiguation), Sandu. Origin Etymology, Etymologically, the name is derived from the Greek language, ...

(1983) Grossu A. V. (1983). ''Gastropoda Romaniae 4. Ordo Stylommatophora. Suprafam.: Arionacea, Zonitacea, Ariophantacea şi Helicacea''. pp. 1–564. București. (Editura Litera). are tenable (they suggest an uninterrupted gradient between both forms), then there are no differences between ''Daudebardia'' and ''Carpathica'', neither in shell not in the anatomy, and the species classified in ''Carpathica'' should be placed in ''Daudebardia''.

Species

Species within the genus ''Carpathica'' include: * ''

Carpathica amisena ''Carpathica'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Oxychilidae. Distribution Distribution of ''Carpathica'' include south-eastern Europe and Turkey. Description Animal cannot wit ...

'' (Forcart, 1950) * ''

Carpathica bielawskii ''Carpathica'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Oxychilidae. Distribution Distribution of ''Carpathica'' include south-eastern Europe and Turkey. Description Animal cannot wit ...

'' Riedel, 1963 * '' Carpathica boettgeri'' (Clessin, 1883) * '' Carpathica calophana'' (Westerlund, 1881)"Species in genus ''Carpathica''".
=10AnimalBase, accessed 4 September 2010. – type species * '' Carpathica cretica'' (Forcart, 1950) * '' Carpathica denticulata'' Grossu, 1969 * '' Carpathica insularis'' Riedel, 1988 * ''

'' (Pfeiffer, 1846) * '' Carpathica stussineri'' (Wagner, 1895) * '' Carpathica wirthi'' Forcart, 1971

References

This article incorporates public domain text from the reference."Genus summary for Carpathica"
AnimalBase, last modified 13 January 2009, accessed 4 September 2010. {{Taxonbar, from=Q5045617 Oxychilidae