Carol Of The Bells

"Carol of the Bells" is a popular Christmas carol, which is based on the Ukrainian New Year's song " Shchedryk". The music for the carol comes from the song written by the Ukrainian composer Mykola Leontovych in or before 1916; the English-language lyrics were written in 1936 by American composer of Ukrainian origin Peter Wilhousky.

The music is based on a four-note ostinato and is in time signature, with the B-flat bell pealing in time. The carol is metrically bistable (which means it is characterized by hemiola), with a listener being able to focus on either meter or switch between them. It has been adapted for musical genres that include classical, heavy metal, jazz, country music, rock, trap, and pop. The music has been featured in films and television shows.

Background

Origins

The conductor of the Ukrainian Republic Capella, Oleksander Koshyts, commissioned Ukrainian composer Leontovych to create the song based on traditional Ukrainian folk songs/chants, and the resulting new work for choir, "Shchedryk", was based on four notes Leontovych found in the Ukrainian anthology.

The original Ukrainian folk story related to the song was associated with the coming New Year, which, in pre-Christian Ukraine, was celebrated with the coming of spring in April. The original Ukrainian title translates to "the generous one", or is perhaps derived from the Ukrainian word for bountiful (), and tells a tale of a swallow flying into a household to proclaim the bountiful year that the family will have.

With the introduction of Christianity to Ukraine, and the adoption of the Julian calendar, the celebration of the new year was moved from April to January, and the holiday with which the chant was originally associated became Malanka (, ), the eve of the Julian new year (the night of 13-14 January in the Gregorian calendar). The songs sung for this celebration are known as .

The song was first performed by the Ukrainian students at Kyiv University in December 1916. It was introduced to Western audiences by the Ukrainian National Chorus during its 1919 concert tour of Europe. The tour was organized as a way to generate support for the fledgling independent nation of Ukraine, which had declared its independence, but which the Bolshevik government in Moscow refused to recognize.

The song premiered in the United States on October 5, 1922, to a sold-out audience at Carnegie Hall and the American audience fell in love with the Ukrainian song.
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The original work was intended to be sung a cappella by mixed four-voice choir.

Two other settings of the composition were also created by Leontovych: one for the women's choir (unaccompanied), and another for the children's choir with piano accompaniment. These are rarely performed or recorded.

English lyrics versions

Wilhousky rearranged the melody for the orchestra with new lyrics for NBC radio network's symphony orchestra, centred around the theme of bells because the melody reminded him of handbells, which begins "Hark! How the bells". It was first aired during the Great Depression, and Wilhousky secured copyright to the new lyrics in 1936 and also published the song, despite the song having been published almost two decades earlier in the Ukrainian National Republic. Its initial popularity stemmed largely from Wilhousky's ability to reach a wide audience in his role as arranger for the NBC Symphony Orchestra. It is now strongly associated with Christmas because of its new lyrics, which reference bells, caroling, and the line "merry, merry, merry, merry Christmas".

"Ring, Christmas Bells", an English-language variant featuring nativity-based lyrics, was written by Minna Louise Hohman in 1947. Two other versions exist by anonymous writers: one from 1957 titled "Come Dance and Sing" and one from 1972 that begins "Hark to the bells".Crump, William D. (2013). "Carol of the Bells" in ''The Christmas Encyclopedia.'' 3rd Edition. McFarland & Company, Inc. Publishers: Jefferson, NC. p. 62. .

American recordings by various artists began to surface on the radio in the 1940s. The song gained further popularity when an instrumental was featured in television advertisements for Andre champagne in the 1970s. "Carol of the Bells" has been recorded in over 150 versions and re-arrangements for varying vocal and instrumental compositions.

Notable recordings

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* 1963 ''Carol of the Bells'' in an orchestral version, conducted by Leonard Bernstein, and New York Philharmonic Orchestra: on the LP '' The Joy of Christmas'', also featuring The Mormon Tabernacle Choir, directed by Richard P. Condie, recorded in Salt Lake City, September 3, 1963.
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* 2016: Voctave performed this song a capella for their album "The Spirit of the Season". It was paired with Stephen Schwartz and Alan Menken's Christmas edition of " The Bells of Notre Dame", a musical number from Disney's 1996 animated blockbuster '' The Hunchback of Notre Dame''.
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* 2021: In their 2021-2022 album, The War to End All Wars, the Swedish metal band Sabaton included a segment from Carol Of The Bells in the intro and outro segment of their song single "Christmas Truce".

In popular culture

* The song appears in the 1990 film ''Home Alone'' as arranged by John Williams. In 2018, this version charted at No. 20 on the Swedish Heatseeker chart.
* The Muppets' 2009 parody of the song climaxes with a large bell (set up by Animal) falling on the increasingly frenetic Beaker, which quickly became a viral video that Christmas season.Macleod, Duncan (December 26, 2009).
The Muppets sing Carol of the Bells
". Inspiration Room. Retrieved December 23, 2015.

Charts

Pentatonix version

John Williams version

Mantikor version

See also

* List of Christmas carols

References

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Music of Ukraine
New Year songs
Ukrainian songs
Ukrainian folk music
Christmas carols
Compositions by Mykola Leontovych