Carlos A. Long
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Carlos Appiani Long (March 4, 1874 – January 1943) was an attorney and politician of the
Territory of Hawaii The Territory of Hawaii or Hawaii Territory ( Hawaiian: ''Panalāʻau o Hawaiʻi'') was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from April 30, 1900, until August 21, 1959, when most of its territory, excluding ...
. In his youth, he was a
college football College football (french: Football universitaire) refers to gridiron football played by teams of student athletes. It was through college football play that American football rules first gained popularity in the United States. Unlike most ...
player at
Georgetown University Georgetown University is a private university, private research university in the Georgetown (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Founded by Bishop John Carroll (archbishop of Baltimore), John Carroll in 1789 as Georg ...
. His middle name is often spelled Appiani, Appianni or Apiani.


Early years

Long was born March 4, 1874, in Honolulu, capital of the then-independent
Kingdom of Hawaii The Hawaiian Kingdom, or Kingdom of Hawaiʻi ( Hawaiian: ''Ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻĀina''), was a sovereign state located in the Hawaiian Islands. The country was formed in 1795, when the warrior chief Kamehameha the Great, of the independent island ...
. His parents were Charles Long, an
Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...
immigrant from
Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
, and Julia Naoho (1859–1916), a
Native Hawaiian Native Hawaiians (also known as Indigenous Hawaiians, Kānaka Maoli, Aboriginal Hawaiians, First Hawaiians, or simply Hawaiians) ( haw, kānaka, , , and ), are the indigenous ethnic group of Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaii ...
from the island of
Maui The island of Maui (; Hawaiian: ) is the second-largest of the islands of the state of Hawaii at 727.2 square miles (1,883 km2) and is the 17th largest island in the United States. Maui is the largest of Maui County's four islands, which ...
and relative of historian
Samuel Kamakau Samuel Mānaiakalani Kamakau (October 29, 1815 – September 5, 1876) was a Hawaiian historian and scholar. His work appeared in local newspapers and was later compiled into books, becoming an invaluable resource on the Hawaiian people, Hawaiian ...
. After his father's death, his mother remarried to
John F. Colburn John Francis Colburn (September 30, 1859 – March 16, 1920) was a businessman and politician of the Hawaiian Kingdom, Kingdom of Hawaii. He served as the last Ministry of the Interior (Hawaii), Minister of the Interior to Queen Liliʻuokalani, ...
, who became a member of Queen Liliuokalani's cabinet during the final week before the
Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom was a ''coup d'état'' against Queen Liliʻuokalani, which took place on January 17, 1893, on the island of Oahu and led by the Committee of Safety (Hawaii), Committee of Safety, composed of seven foreign ...
in 1893. He had many siblings and half-siblings from his mother's two marriages. He received his early education at
Saint Louis School Saint Louis School, located in the neighborhood of Kaimuki in Honolulu, Hawaii, is a historic Roman Catholic college preparatory school for boys. It was founded in 1846 to serve Catholics in the former Kingdom of Hawaii. Located within the Roman ...
and
Punahou School Punahou School (known as Oahu College until 1934) is a private, co-educational, college preparatory school in Honolulu, Hawaii. More than 3,700 students attend the school from kindergarten through twelfth grade, 12th grade. Protestant missionar ...
(from 1892 to 1893), where he started playing
football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly c ...
. He graduated from
Santa Clara University Santa Clara University is a private Jesuit university in Santa Clara, California. Established in 1851, Santa Clara University is the oldest operating institution of higher learning in California. The university's campus surrounds the historic Mis ...
and later studied law at
Stanford University Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California. The campus occupies , among the largest in the United States, and enrolls over 17,000 students. Stanford is consider ...
and finished his law degree at
Georgetown University Georgetown University is a private university, private research university in the Georgetown (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Founded by Bishop John Carroll (archbishop of Baltimore), John Carroll in 1789 as Georg ...
.


Georgetown

While at Georgetown, he was a prominent
center Center or centre may refer to: Mathematics *Center (geometry), the middle of an object * Center (algebra), used in various contexts ** Center (group theory) ** Center (ring theory) * Graph center, the set of all vertices of minimum eccentricity ...
for the
football team A football team is a group of players selected to play together in the various team sports known as football. Such teams could be selected to play in a match against an opposing team, to represent a football club, group, state or nation, an All-st ...
; his play reminding one writer of
Allan Doucette Allan E. Doucette (c. 1872 – January 8, 1901) was an All-American football player. He played at the center position for Harvard University and was selected for the 1897 College Football All-America Team. Doucette graduated from Harvard as ...
of
Harvard Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher le ...
. Long was unanimously elected
captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...
of the 1899 team. That same year he was selected All-Southern by
University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a Public university#United States, public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia. Founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson, the university is ranked among the top academic institutions in the United S ...
athletics director
W. A. Lambeth William Alexander Lambeth (October 27, 1867 – June 24, 1944) was a medical professor who was the first athletic director at the University of Virginia. He is often called "the father of intercollegiate athletics" at the university. Lambeth wa ...
in ''Outing'', who notes "The position at center is easily filled, because Long, of Georgetown, in snapping the
ball A ball is a round object (usually spherical, but can sometimes be ovoid) with several uses. It is used in ball games, where the play of the game follows the state of the ball as it is hit, kicked or thrown by players. Balls can also be used f ...
, blocking, breaking through,
tackling Tackle may refer to: * In football: ** Tackle (football move), a play in various forms of football ** Tackle (gridiron football position), a position in American football and Canadian football ** Dump tackle, a forceful move in rugby of picking up ...
and general play, stands without a near rival."


Political and legal career

After graduating from Georgetown with a degree in law, Long was admitted to bar in the
District of Columbia ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...
and later returned to Hawaii, which had been annexed to the United States, where he passed the bar of Hawaii on October 16, 1901. Long entered politics as a member of the
Home Rule Party of Hawaii The Hawaiian Independent Party (later renamed the Independent Home Rule Party), was a political party active in Hawaii from 1900 to 1912. It was established by Robert Wilcox immediately after the United States annexed the Hawaiian Islands and es ...
. He later joined with
Hawaii Republican Party The Hawaii Republican Party ( haw, ʻAoʻao Lepupalika o Hawaiʻi) is the affiliate of the Republican Party (GOP) in Hawaii, headquartered in Honolulu. The party was initially strong during Hawaii's territorial days, but following statehood the ...
in 1902 and was elected to the House of Representatives for the Fourth District, and sat in the Legislature of
Territory of Hawaii The Territory of Hawaii or Hawaii Territory ( Hawaiian: ''Panalāʻau o Hawaiʻi'') was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from April 30, 1900, until August 21, 1959, when most of its territory, excluding ...
from 1903 to 1905. During the 1903 legislative session, he proposed the so-called "Long Municipal Act", aimed at establishing home-rule and self-government for the citizens of Honolulu. The act was drafted by the African-American lawyer and Republican committee member
Thomas McCants Stewart Thomas McCants Stewart (December 28, 1853 – January 7, 1923) was an African American clergyman, lawyer and civil rights leader. Biography Stewart was born in Charleston, South Carolina on December 28, 1853. His parents were George Gilchri ...
. Despite passing the house, it was vetoed by Governor
Sanford B. Dole Sanford Ballard Dole (April 23, 1844 – June 9, 1926) was a lawyer and jurist from the Hawaiian Islands. He lived through the periods when Hawaii was a Kingdom of Hawaii, kingdom, Provisional Government of Hawaii, protectorate, Republic of Hawa ...
. Historian J. Clay Smith, Jr. noted this and other similar, contemporary legislation contributed to the local movement which eventually led to Hawaii's statehood in 1959. Long later worked as a tax accessor for
Kauai Kauai, () anglicized as Kauai ( ), is geologically the second-oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands (after Niʻihau). With an area of 562.3 square miles (1,456.4 km2), it is the fourth-largest of these islands and the 21st largest island ...
until he moved back to Honolulu in 1929 where he became an estates administrator and was involved in the real estate business.


Personal

On July 30, 1895, he married his first wife Irene Martha Buchanan in
Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Peace The Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Peace ( French: ''Cathédrale de Notre Dame de la Paix''; Portuguese: ''Catedral de Nossa Senhora da Paz''; Hawaiian: ''Malia o ka Malu Hale Pule Nui''; Latin: ''Basilicæ cathedralis Sanctæ Mariæ de Pa ...
. They divorced in 1898 and she remarried in 1900 to William H. Cornwell, Jr., the son of
William H. Cornwell William Henry Cornwell (May 30, 1843 – November 18, 1903) was an American businessman, as well as a military colonel and politician of the Kingdom of Hawaii. He served two separate terms as Minister of Finance and was a member of Queen Liliuok ...
. On April 4, 1912, he married Elizabeth Maunakapu Whiting (born 1885), daughter of Kapiho and
William Austin Whiting William Austin Whiting (August 5, 1855 – January 18, 1908) was an American lawyer and politician of the Kingdom, Republic, and Territory of Hawaii. He served as Attorney General of Hawaii and was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Ha ...
. They had three children: Carlos "Sonny" Long, Leslie Long Pietsch and Elia Austin Long. He died in January 1943 and was buried in the
Oahu Cemetery The Oahu Cemetery is the resting place of many notable early residents of the Honolulu area. They range from missionaries and politicians to sports pioneers and philosophers. Over time it was expanded to become an area known as the Nuuanu Cemete ...
in Honolulu. A memorial published in the records of the
Supreme Court of Hawaii The Supreme Court of Hawaii is the highest court of the Hawaii, State of Hawaii in the United States. Its decisions are binding on all other courts of the Hawaii State Judiciary. The principal purpose of the Supreme Court is to review the decis ...
gives a description of his character:
Long was quiet, affable, sincere and a true friend of the Hawaiian race. He took a keen interest in civic affairs, and a personal interest in clean athletics. He was a good citizen. He leaves a family to whom he was devoted.


References


Bibliography

* * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Long, Carlos Appiani Punahou School alumni Santa Clara University alumni Stanford University alumni American football centers Georgetown Hoyas football players All-Southern college football players 19th-century players of American football Players of American football from Honolulu 1874 births 1943 deaths Lawyers from Washington, D.C. Lawyers from Hawaii Native Hawaiian politicians Hawaii Republicans Members of the Hawaii Territorial Legislature 20th-century American legislators Native Hawaiian sportspeople Home Rule Party of Hawaii politicians Burials at Oahu Cemetery American people of Italian descent