Carl W. Hoffman
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Carl William Hoffman (December 24, 1919 – May 31, 2016) was a decorated
United States Marine Corps The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through combi ...
major general Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a ...
. He is most noted for his service with
2nd Battalion, 8th Marines 2nd Battalion, 8th Marines (2/8) is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina consisting of approximately 900 Marines and Sailors. Nicknamed "America's Battalion," they f ...
during
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
or later as commanding general of
III Marine Amphibious Force III Marine Expeditionary Force (III MEF) is a formation of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force of the United States Marine Corps. It is forward-deployed and able to rapidly conduct operations across the spectrum from humanitarian assistance and d ...
during Operation Frequent Wind.


Early life

Carl W. Hoffman was born on December 24, 1919, in
Omaha, Nebraska Omaha ( ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Nebraska and the county seat of Douglas County. Omaha is in the Midwestern United States on the Missouri River, about north of the mouth of the Platte River. The nation's 39th-largest cit ...
, and attended Thomas Jefferson High School in
Council Bluffs, Iowa Council Bluffs is a city in and the county seat of Pottawattamie County, Iowa, Pottawattamie County, Iowa, United States. The city is the most populous in Southwest Iowa, and is the third largest and a primary city of the Omaha–Council Bluffs ...
. He won a nationwide trumpet competition and was awarded a scholarship to the
Drake University Drake University is a private university in Des Moines, Iowa. It offers undergraduate and graduate programs, including professional programs in business, law, and pharmacy. Drake's law school is among the 25 oldest in the United States. Hi ...
in
Des Moines, Iowa Des Moines () is the capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is also the county seat of Polk County. A small part of the city extends into Warren County. It was incorporated on September 22, 1851, as Fort Des Moines, ...
, where earned Bachelor of Arts degree in Music in summer 1941. While at the university, he enlisted the Marine Corps Reserve via Platoon leaders Class at Officer Candidates School on May 18, 1940, and took part in summer training camps in 1940 and 1941.


World War II

Hoffman was commissioned second lieutenant in the marine corps reserve on March 15, 1942, and sailed for the
3rd Battalion, 8th Marines 3rd Battalion 8th Marines (3/8) was an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, consisting of approximately 1,100 Marines and Sailors. The battalion fell under the command ...
located in
American Samoa American Samoa ( sm, Amerika Sāmoa, ; also ' or ') is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of the island country of Samoa. Its location is centered on . It is east of the International ...
. He spent next several months with jungle training and construction of beach fortifications against possible Japanese threat. Hoffman arrived with 8th Marines to
Guadalcanal Guadalcanal (; indigenous name: ''Isatabu'') is the principal island in Guadalcanal Province of Solomon Islands, located in the south-western Pacific, northeast of Australia. It is the largest island in the Solomon Islands by area, and the seco ...
at the beginning of November 1942 and took part in the heavy combats. He was later wounded in action and ordered to
Wellington Wellington ( mi, Te Whanganui-a-Tara or ) is the capital city of New Zealand. It is located at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Remutaka Range. Wellington is the second-largest city in New Zealand by me ...
,
New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ...
for recovery. During his time there, he was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant and appointed commanding officer of
3rd Battalion, 8th Marines 3rd Battalion 8th Marines (3/8) was an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, consisting of approximately 1,100 Marines and Sailors. The battalion fell under the command ...
Weapons Company. He was promptly promoted to the rank of captain during 1943. The 8th Marines spent several months in New Zealand, before sailed within
2nd Marine Division The 2nd Marine Division (2nd MARDIV) is a division of the United States Marine Corps, which forms the ground combat element of the II Marine Expeditionary Force (II MEF). The division is based at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina ...
to
Tarawa Tarawa is an atoll and the capital of the Republic of Kiribati,Kiribati
''
atoll An atoll () is a ring-shaped island, including a coral rim that encircles a lagoon partially or completely. There may be coral islands or cays on the rim. Atolls are located in warm tropical or subtropical oceans and seas where corals can gr ...
,
Gilbert Islands The Gilbert Islands ( gil, Tungaru;Reilly Ridgell. ''Pacific Nations and Territories: The Islands of Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia.'' 3rd. Ed. Honolulu: Bess Press, 1995. p. 95. formerly Kingsmill or King's-Mill IslandsVery often, this n ...
in November 1943. Hoffman led his Weapons Company ashore on November 20, but his landing craft received direct hit from a Japanese mortar and eight marines were killed and several wounded. He led the rest of his men ashore and during the next three days of hand-to-hand combat, Hoffman and his company were integrated into the 2nd Battalion under Major Henry P. Crowe. Hoffman later recalled: ''"There was just no way to rest; there was virtually no way to eat. Mostly it was close, hand-to-hand fighting and survival for three and a half days. It seemed like the longest period of my life."'' Following the battle, Eight Marines were ordered to
Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...
for rest and refit. Hoffman was subsequently transferred to
2nd Battalion, 8th Marines 2nd Battalion, 8th Marines (2/8) is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina consisting of approximately 900 Marines and Sailors. Nicknamed "America's Battalion," they f ...
and appointed Commander of Company G. He spent next six month with training and integration of replacements into the regiment. During the June 1944, units of 2nd Marine Division sailed to for the new target,
Saipan Saipan ( ch, Sa’ipan, cal, Seipél, formerly in es, Saipán, and in ja, 彩帆島, Saipan-tō) is the largest island of the Northern Mariana Islands, a Commonwealth (U.S. insular area), commonwealth of the United States in the western Pa ...
in the
Marianas The Mariana Islands (; also the Marianas; in Chamorro: ''Manislan Mariånas'') are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen longitudinally oriented, mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, betw ...
. Hoffman landed with his company on the right flank of the division on June 15, Captain Hoffman braved intense artillery and mortar fire to reorganize his men for their assault on enemy beach positions and for securing contact with the unit on his right. At dawn of the following day, he resumed the attack and personally directing the company in the face of hostile fire. He was slightly wounded and received the
Silver Star The Silver Star Medal (SSM) is the United States Armed Forces' third-highest military decoration for valor in combat. The Silver Star Medal is awarded primarily to members of the United States Armed Forces for gallantry in action against an e ...
for gallantry in action. The Eight Marines subsequently took part in the Seizure of Tinian and Hoffman had another lively experience before leaving the island. He was a trumpet addict and carried his horn with him all through the Pacific war: Hoffman returned to the United States during September 1944 and was ordered to the instruction at
Army Infantry School An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" or "weapons"), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on ...
at
Fort Benning Fort Benning is a United States Army post near Columbus, Georgia, adjacent to the Alabama–Georgia border. Fort Benning supports more than 120,000 active-duty military, family members, reserve component soldiers, retirees and civilian employees ...
, Georgia which he completed in the spring of 1945. He was subsequently promoted to the rank of major and appointed instructor at
Marine Corps Schools, Quantico Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...
.


Postwar career

Major Hoffman remained at Quantico until 1948, when he was attached to the History Section at the Headquarters Marine Corps. While in this capacity, he served under Colonel Robert D. Heinl Jr. and wrote several historic series about Marine Campaigns in Pacific. Hoffman remained in this capacity until 1951 and subsequently commanded recruiting stations in
New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
and
Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...
until May 1954. He also competed in ASCAP's armed forces competition to celebrate 100th Anniversary of the birth of John Philip Sousa and won $1,000 with his "Esprit de Corps March". He was meanwhile promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel on October 22, 1952. He was then ordered to
Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...
and appointed commanding officer of
3rd Battalion, 1st Marines 3rd Battalion 1st Marines (3/1) is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Camp Horno on Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. Nicknamed the "Thundering Third", the battalion consists of approximately 1,220 ...
. However, Armistice Agreement was already in effect, and Hoffman spent his time in Korea with guard duties along the Korean Demilitarized Zone. Hoffman was later transferred to the staff of
1st Marine Division The 1st Marine Division (1st MARDIV) is a Marine division of the United States Marine Corps headquartered at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. It is the ground combat element of the I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF). It is the ...
under Major General
Merrill B. Twining General Merrill Barber Twining (November 28, 1902 – May 11, 1996) was a United States Marine Corps general who received a List of United States Marine Corps four-star generals#Tombstone generals, "tombstone promotion" to four-star general upon r ...
and appointed assistant chief of staff for operations. First Marine Division was ordered back to the United States in April 1955 and Hoffman was transferred to staff of U.S. Pacific Fleet under Admiral
Felix Stump Felix Budwell Stump (December 15, 1894 – June 13, 1972) was an admiral in the United States Navy and Commander, United States Pacific Fleet from July 10, 1953 until July 31, 1958. Early life and career Stump was born in Parkersburg, West Virgini ...
. Hoffman served on the Fleet Headquarters on Hawaii as Joint Plans Officer until summer of 1957. He distinguished himself in this capacity and received Army Commendation Medal. Hoffman was subsequently ordered for the instruction at Armed Forces Staff College at
Norfolk, Virginia Norfolk ( ) is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. Incorporated in 1705, it had a population of 238,005 at the 2020 census, making it the third-most populous city in Virginia after neighboring Virginia Be ...
, and upon the graduation one year later, he was appointed intelligence officer of
1st Marine Division The 1st Marine Division (1st MARDIV) is a Marine division of the United States Marine Corps headquartered at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. It is the ground combat element of the I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF). It is the ...
under Major General Edward W. Snedeker. Hoffman left 1st Marine Division in 1960 in order to enter Senior Course at Naval War College in
Newport, Rhode Island Newport is an American seaside city on Aquidneck Island in Newport County, Rhode Island. It is located in Narragansett Bay, approximately southeast of Providence, Rhode Island, Providence, south of Fall River, Massachusetts, south of Boston, ...
. Upon the graduation one year later, he was appointed a member of the faculty and promoted to the rank of
colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of ...
on July 1, 1962. He rejoined 1st Marine Division on April 21, 1964, when he was appointed commanding officer of
1st Marine Regiment The 1st Marine Regiment is an infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps based at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. The regiment is under the command of the 1st Marine Division and the I Marine Expeditionary Force. The 1st ...
. Hoffman supervised the training of the regiment and preparation for combat deployment in Vietnam until the end of June 1965. He did not went with the regiment to
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
and was transferred to the Headquarters Marine Corps, where served as Assistant Head of the Policy Analysis Division under Commandant,
Wallace M. Greene Wallace Martin Greene Jr. (December 27, 1907 – March 8, 2003) was a United States Marine Corps four-star general who served as the 23rd Commandant of the Marine Corps from January 1, 1964, to December 31, 1967. Greene served in China in the 19 ...
. During his time Washington, Hoffman attended
George Washington University , mottoeng = "God is Our Trust" , established = , type = Private federally chartered research university , academic_affiliations = , endowment = $2.8 billion (2022) , preside ...
and earned
master's degree A master's degree (from Latin ) is an academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice.
in
International affairs International relations (IR), sometimes referred to as international studies and international affairs, is the scientific study of interactions between sovereign states. In a broader sense, it concerns all activities between states—such as ...
. During the last year of General Greene's tenure as the
Commandant of the Marine Corps The commandant of the Marine Corps (CMC) is normally the highest-ranking officer in the United States Marine Corps and is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint Chiefs of Staff: composition; functions. The CMC reports directly to the secr ...
, Hoffman relieved Brigadier General
Foster C. LaHue Foster Carr LaHue (2 September 1917 – 12 February 1996) was a lieutenant general in the United States Marine Corps. He saw combat in World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War. During the Vietnam War he commanded Task Force X-Ray which wa ...
as the
Military Secretary to the Commandant of the Marine Corps The Military Secretary to the Commandant of the Marine Corps is the senior advisor and task manager for the Commandant of the Marine Corps. Personally selected by the Commandant, the Military Secretary is an active duty colonel who reports direct ...
from February to August 1967. He was then appointed director of Marine Corps Intelligence, but remained in that capacity only until the end of December 1967, when General Greene retired.


Vietnam War

Hoffman was nominated for the promotion to the rank of
brigadier general Brigadier general or Brigade general is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries. The rank is usually above a colonel, and below a major general or divisional general. When appointed ...
and finally promoted on January 1, 1968. He was subsequently ordered to
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...
and joined
3rd Marine Division The 3rd Marine Division is a division of the United States Marine Corps based at Camp Courtney, Marine Corps Base Camp Smedley D. Butler in Okinawa, Japan. It is one of three active duty infantry divisions in the Marine Corps and together with th ...
under Major General
Rathvon M. Tompkins Rathvon McClure Tompkins (August 23, 1912 – September 17, 1999) was a highly decorated United States Marine Corps major general. He saw combat in World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War and led Marine units during the Dominican Civil War ...
on January 22 of that year. Hoffman was appointed assistant division commander, but in fact he shared this capacity with Brigadier General Jacob E. Glick. Hoffman joined General Tompkins at
Đông Hà Combat Base Đông Hà Combat Base (also known as Camp Spillman, Camp Red Devil or simply Đông Hà) is a former U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Army base northwest of Quảng Trị in central Vietnam. The base was first used by the 4th Marines in late April 1 ...
and was responsible for the operations and Glick remained at Phu Bai Combat Base with responsibility for the logistics support. The
People's Army of Vietnam The People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN; vi, Quân đội nhân dân Việt Nam, QĐNDVN), also recognized as the Vietnam People's Army (VPA) or the Vietnamese Army (), is the military force of the Vietnam, Socialist Republic of Vietnam and the ...
(PAVN) and
Vietcong , , war = the Vietnam War , image = FNL Flag.svg , caption = The flag of the Viet Cong, adopted in 1960, is a variation on the flag of North Vietnam. Sometimes the lower stripe was green. , active ...
, launched
Tet Offensive The Tet Offensive was a major escalation and one of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War. It was launched on January 30, 1968 by forces of the Viet Cong (VC) and North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) against the forces o ...
few days after and Hoffman had full hands of work. He was also assigned for temporary additional duty to the staff of
III Marine Amphibious Force III Marine Expeditionary Force (III MEF) is a formation of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force of the United States Marine Corps. It is forward-deployed and able to rapidly conduct operations across the spectrum from humanitarian assistance and d ...
(III MAF) as Operations Officer (G-3) on March 1 and now held dual command. While in this capacity, Hoffman was tasked by Lieutenant General Robert E. Cushman, commanding general of III MAF, to undertake a broad-based study to estimate the future requirements for the defense of northern
I Corps Tactical Zone I Corps () was a corps of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), the army of the nation state of South Vietnam that existed from 1955 to 1975. It was one of four corps of the ARVN. This was the northernmost region of South Vietnam, bordering ...
, South Vietnam. Hoffman's study group was to assume that the political aspects of the war would not change and that there would be no further refinement of the rules of engagement. He and his group made several proposals relative to the war in the north and proposed the concentration on the future of the barrier, the strongpoints and allied forces along the
Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone The Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone was a demilitarized zone established as a dividing line between North and South Vietnam from July 1954 to 1976 as a result of the First Indochina War. During the Vietnam War (1955-1975) it became important as t ...
. At the end of April 1968, Hoffman moved to Khe Sanh Combat Base and relieved BG Glick as Commander of ''Task Force Hotel'', a combinated Marine-Army unit, which operated in the vicinity of the base. He instituted a special four-man deep reconnaissance patrols, which brought back invaluable intelligence about the location of enemy forces in the sector. On August 18, 1968, Hoffman was transferred to the staff of
1st Marine Division The 1st Marine Division (1st MARDIV) is a Marine division of the United States Marine Corps headquartered at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. It is the ground combat element of the I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF). It is the ...
under Major General
Carl A. Youngdale Carl Albert Youngdale (June 23, 1912 – March 8, 1993) was a highly decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps with the rank of major general. As an artillery officer, he took part in the three major conflicts of the 20th century and co ...
and also retained his temporary duty as Operations officer of III MAF. He subsequently took part in the planning of Operations Maui Peak and
Meade River The Meade River ( Iñupiaq: ''Kuulugruaq'') flows into Admiralty Bay along the North Slope of the U.S. state of Alaska. It begins near Kulugra Ridge in the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska and flows generally north past Atqasuk to the bay at ...
and completed his tour in Vietnam in mid February 1969. For his service in Vietnam, Hoffman was decorated with the
Navy Distinguished Service Medal The Navy Distinguished Service Medal is a military decoration of the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps which was first created in 1919 and is presented to sailors and Marines to recognize distinguished and exceptionally meritoriou ...
and also received several decorations from the Government of South Vietnam.


Later service

Following the brief leave with his family after his return from Vietnam, Hoffman was appointed commanding general of Force Troops,
Fleet Marine Force, Pacific The United States Fleet Marine Force, Pacific (FMFPAC) is the largest maritime landing force in the world. Its units are spread across the Pacific Ocean and reports to the United States Pacific Command. It is headquartered at MCB Camp H. M ...
(FMFPAC). In this capacity, he was responsible for all independent units under FMFPAC such as support artillery units, antiaircraft artillery units, military police battalions, separate engineer units and other miscellaneous force units. He also held dual hat as commanding general of Marine Corps Base Twentynine Palms, where the headquarters of Force Troops was located. Hoffman served in this capacity for next two years and following the promotion to the rank of
major general Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a ...
in May 1971, he assumed duty as commanding general of
Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island (often abbreviated as MCRD PI) is an military installation located within Port Royal, South Carolina, approximately south of Beaufort, the community that is typically associated with the installation. ...
,
South Carolina )''Animis opibusque parati'' ( for, , Latin, Prepared in mind and resources, links=no) , anthem = " Carolina";" South Carolina On My Mind" , Former = Province of South Carolina , seat = Columbia , LargestCity = Charleston , LargestMetro = ...
. In this capacity, he was responsible for the Recruit Training of new marines, who can later served as replacements for the units serving overseas. Hoffman received the
Legion of Merit The Legion of Merit (LOM) is a military award of the United States Armed Forces that is given for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements. The decoration is issued to members of the eight ...
for his service at Parris Island in the later phase of the Vietnam War. He served at Parris Island until October 1972 and subsequently assumed duties as director of personnel at Headquarters Marine Corps. Hoffman was then transferred to Marine Corps Base Quantico and appointed director of Education at Marine Corps Educational Center there. Hoffman served in this capacity only for brief period in 1974 and later assumed command of
III Marine Amphibious Force III Marine Expeditionary Force (III MEF) is a formation of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force of the United States Marine Corps. It is forward-deployed and able to rapidly conduct operations across the spectrum from humanitarian assistance and d ...
at
Okinawa is a prefecture of Japan. Okinawa Prefecture is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan, has a population of 1,457,162 (as of 2 February 2020) and a geographic area of 2,281 km2 (880 sq mi). Naha is the capital and largest city ...
on December 31, 1974. He received second
Legion of Merit The Legion of Merit (LOM) is a military award of the United States Armed Forces that is given for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements. The decoration is issued to members of the eight ...
for his service in this capacity. During the spring of 1975, the situation in
Indochina Mainland Southeast Asia, also known as the Indochinese Peninsula or Indochina, is the continental portion of Southeast Asia. It lies east of the Indian subcontinent and south of Mainland China and is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the west an ...
became worse, when
Khmer Rouge The Khmer Rouge (; ; km, ខ្មែរក្រហម, ; ) is the name that was popularly given to members of the Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK) and by extension to the regime through which the CPK ruled Cambodia between 1975 and 1979. ...
seized power in
Khmer Republic The Khmer Republic ( km, សាធារណរដ្ឋខ្មែរ, ; french: République khmère) was a pro-United States military-led republican government of Cambodia that was formally declared on 9 October 1970. The Khmer Republic wa ...
. The United States Government ordered the evacuation of American citizens and General Hoffman supervised marines units during Operation Eagle Pull, the United States military evacuation by air. The PAVN general staff launched a massive offensive in March 1975 and successfully advanced on
Saigon , population_density_km2 = 4,292 , population_density_metro_km2 = 697.2 , population_demonym = Saigonese , blank_name = GRP (Nominal) , blank_info = 2019 , blank1_name = – Total , blank1_ ...
. The collapse of South Vietnamese government led to the exodus of civilians and need of humanitarian assistance. The United States responded with the providing of air transport of civilians to the areas still under South Vietnamese control and used units of III MAF under Major General Hoffman for that purpose. During Operation Frequent Wind at the end of April 1975, Hoffman's marines assisted in the evacuation of U.S. and South Vietnamese civilians. Hoffman was succeeded in command of III MAF by Major General
Kenneth J. Houghton Kenneth John Houghton (October 17, 1920 – March 27, 2006) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Marine Corps with the rank of major general. Early Marine Corps career Kenneth J. Houghton was born in San Francisco, California, on ...
on May 31, 1975, and was ordered to the States for command of
Camp Pendleton Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton is the major West Coast base of the United States Marine Corps and is one of the largest Marine Corps bases in the United States. It is on the Southern California coast in San Diego County and is bordered by Oc ...
,
California California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...
. He served next three years in this capacity and retired on June 30, 1978, after 38 years of commissioned service.


Retirement

Following his retirement, Hoffman settled in
Hidden Meadows, California Hidden Meadows is a census-designated place (CDP) near Escondido in San Diego County, California. The population was 3,485 at the 2010 census, up from 3,463 at the 2000 census. Geography Hidden Meadows is located at (33.229571, -117.124754). Ac ...
, where he built a house for him and his wife. He subsequently formed a swing "Carl Hoffman Dance Band" and performed at country, dance, golf and community clubs, birthdays and weddings. They were successful and from total of six band members, only one had a regular job. Hoffman later said about his music career: Major General Carl W. Hoffman died on May 31, 2016, in
Escondido, California Escondido is a city in San Diego County, California, United States. Located in the North County region, it was incorporated in 1888, and is one of the oldest cities in San Diego County. It has a population of 151,038 as of the 2020 census. Et ...
, and is buried at
Arlington National Cemetery Arlington National Cemetery is one of two national cemeteries run by the United States Army. Nearly 400,000 people are buried in its 639 acres (259 ha) in Arlington, Virginia. There are about 30 funerals conducted on weekdays and 7 held on Sa ...
,
Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...
, together with his wife, Ruth Allene Hoffman (1921–2005). They had three children: Jill Ann Schwenk, wife of late Brigadier General James R. Schwenk; Carl W. Hoffman Jr., who served in the Marines and reached the rank of lieutenant colonel and John David Hoffman, Computer Systems Administrator.


Decorations

Here is the ribbon bar of Major General Carl W. Hoffman:


See also

*
III Marine Amphibious Force III Marine Expeditionary Force (III MEF) is a formation of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force of the United States Marine Corps. It is forward-deployed and able to rapidly conduct operations across the spectrum from humanitarian assistance and d ...
*
3rd Marine Division The 3rd Marine Division is a division of the United States Marine Corps based at Camp Courtney, Marine Corps Base Camp Smedley D. Butler in Okinawa, Japan. It is one of three active duty infantry divisions in the Marine Corps and together with th ...
* Operation Lancaster II


References

: {{DEFAULTSORT:Hoffman, Carl W. 1919 births 2016 deaths People from Omaha, Nebraska Drake University alumni Elliott School of International Affairs alumni Joint Forces Staff College alumni United States Marine Corps generals United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II United States Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War Recipients of the Navy Distinguished Service Medal Recipients of the Silver Star Recipients of the Legion of Merit Recipients of the National Order of Vietnam Recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam) Burials at Arlington National Cemetery