Carl Hermann Kraeling (1897–1966), an American theologian, historian, and archaeologist; born in Brooklyn on March 10, 1897 and died in New Haven on November 14, 1966; he is known for his publications on the

synagogue A synagogue, ', 'house of assembly', or ', "house of prayer"; Yiddish: ''shul'', Ladino: or ' (from synagogue); or ', "community". sometimes referred to as shul, and interchangeably used with the word temple, is a Jewish house of worshi ...

and the Christian chapel of

Dura-Europos Dura-Europos, ; la, Dūra Eurōpus, ( el, Δούρα Ευρωπός, Doúra Evropós, ) was a Hellenistic, Parthian, and Roman border city built on an escarpment above the southwestern bank of the Euphrates river. It is located near the vill ...

. He studied at

Columbia University Columbia University (also known as Columbia, and officially as Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhatt ...

, and earned his B.D. from the Lutheran Theological Seminary in Philadelphia in 1926. He taught New Testament Studies at the

Yale University Yale University is a private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Established in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and among the most prestigious in the wo ...

and established the department of Near Eastern languages and Civilizations there. Kraeling served as the president of the

American Schools of Oriental Research The American Society of Overseas Research (ASOR), founded in 1900 as the American School of Oriental Study and Research in Palestine, is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization based in Alexandria, Virginia which supports the research and teaching of ...

(ASOR) from 1949-1954. He supported the continued study of the

Dead Sea Scrolls The Dead Sea Scrolls (also the Qumran Caves Scrolls) are ancient Jewish and Hebrew religious manuscripts discovered between 1946 and 1956 at the Qumran Caves in what was then Mandatory Palestine, near Ein Feshkha in the West Bank, on the nor ...

, and encouraged humanitarian awareness for Near Eastern refugees during a turbulent period in the area's history. He was elected a member of the

American Philosophical Society The American Philosophical Society (APS), founded in 1743 in Philadelphia, is a scholarly organization that promotes knowledge in the sciences and humanities through research, professional meetings, publications, library resources, and communit ...

in 1958.

Works

* ''Anthropos and Son of Man'' (1937) * ''Gerasa, City of the Decapolis'' (1938) * ''John the Baptist'', (New York, 1951) * ''The Synagogue, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report VIII.1'' (New Haven, 1956)

References

Bibliography

* J. S. Thacher, "Carl H. Kraeling (1897-1966)", ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers'', 21 (1967), 7 ; * W. F. Albright, "Carl Herman Kraeling: In Memoriam", ''Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research'', 189 (avril 1970), 4-7. * William F. Albright
''Carl Herman Kraeling – In Menoriam''
''The American Schools of Oriental Research'' (1970), p. 4 ff {{DEFAULTSORT:Kraeling, Carl Hermann 1897 births 1966 deaths American Christian theologians People from Brooklyn Columbia University alumni Yale University faculty 20th-century American historians 20th-century American male writers 20th-century American archaeologists Historians from New York (state) American male non-fiction writers Members of the American Philosophical Society