''Cardita'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of marine

bivalve Bivalvia (), in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class of marine and freshwater molluscs that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consisting of two hinged parts. As a group, bival ...

mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Carditidae Carditidae is a family of marine bivalve clams of the order Carditida, which was long included in the Venerida. They are the type taxon of the superfamily Carditoidea. Carditidae is a neglected and poorly classified family. It has six sub ...

Naming

Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''

Cardites ''Cardites'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs, in the family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the f ...

''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. Bruguière in 1792. However, in 1801

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biologi ...

described it under the name ''Cardites''. J.H.F. Link subsequently described a new genus using the name ''Cardites'' in 1807. When this homonymy was realised, Megerle in 1811 re-described Link's genus ''Cardites'' as ''Cardita''. Megerle's action resulted in four technically valid names which formed two mutual pairs of

homonym In linguistics, homonyms are words which are homographs (words that share the same spelling, regardless of pronunciation), or homophones (equivocal words, that share the same pronunciation, regardless of spelling), or both. Using this definition, ...

s. The matter was ultimately resolved by starting with the oldest name – that of Bruguière – and applying it as intended, and suppressing Lamarck's name so that Link's

junior homonym In biology, a homonym is a name for a taxon that is identical in spelling to another such name, that belongs to a different taxon. The rule in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is that the first such name to be published is the se ...

could be used for ''Cardites''. In addition to the numerous

junior synonym The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linna ...

s, ''

Byssomera ''Carditamera'' is a genus of molluscs in the family Carditidae. It is the type genus of the subfamily Carditamerinae. ''Byssomera'' is a junior synonym or subgenus of ''Carditamera'' but has sometimes been written as a subgenus of ''Cardita'', ...

'' – a junior synonym or subgenus of '' Carditamera'' – has sometimes been written as a subgenus of ''Cardita'', due to its type species having been synonymised from ''Cardita'' (''Byssomera'') ''affinis'' to ''Carditamera'' (''Byssomera'') ''affinis''.

Species

According to the

WoRMS Worms may refer to: *Worm, an invertebrate animal with a tube-like body and no limbs Places *Worms, Germany Worms () is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, situated on the Upper Rhine about south-southwest of Frankfurt am Main. It had ...

: *''

Cardita aviculina ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' Lamarck, 1819 *''

Cardita caliculaeformis ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' Deshayes in Maillard, 1863 *''

Cardita calyculata ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *''

Cardita crassicosta ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' Lamarck, 1819 *''

Cardita distorta ''Cardita distorta'', or the dog's foot cockle, is a bivalve mollusc of the family Carditidae, endemic to New Zealand including the Chatham Islands The Chatham Islands ( ) (Moriori: ''Rēkohu'', 'Misty Sun'; mi, Wharekauri) are an arch ...

'' Reeve, 1843 *''

Cardita excisa ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' Philippi, 1847 *''

Cardita ffinchi ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' (Melvill, 1898) *''

Cardita hawaiensis ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus '' Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. ...

'' (Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938) *''

Cardita kyushuensis ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' (Okutani, 1963) *''

Cardita leana ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' Dunker, 1860 *†''

Cardita marwicki ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine (ocean), marine bivalve molluscs in the family (biology), family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was ori ...

'' Laws, 1944 *''

Cardita muricata ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' G.B. Sowerby I, 1833 *†'' Cardita northcrofti'' Marwick, 1928 *'' Cardita pica'' Reeve, 1843 *''

Cardita senegalensis ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. B ...

'' Reeve, 1843 *''

Cardita variegata ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus '' Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 *'' Cardita vinsoni'' Viader, 1951

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3017099 Carditidae Bivalve genera