Pope
Gregory X (1271–1276) create five cardinals in one consistory.
Consistory of 3 June 1273
*
Pedro Julião
Pope John XXI ( la, Ioannes XXI; – 20 May 1277), born Pedro Julião ( la, Petrus Iulianus), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 September 1276 to his death on 20 May 1277. Apart from Damasus I (fr ...
,
archbishop of Braga —
cardinal-bishop of Frascati
The Diocese of Frascati (Lat.: ''Tusculana'') is a suburbicarian see of the Holy Roman Church and a diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy, based at Frascati, near Rome. The bishop of Frascati is a Cardinal Bishop; from the Latin name of the are ...
, later elected
Pope John XXI (20 September 1276), † 20 May 1277
*
Vicedomino de Vicedominis,
nephew of His Holiness and
archbishop of Aix —
cardinal-bishop of Palestrina
The Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Palestrina ( la, Diocesis Praenestina) is a Roman Catholic suburbicarian diocese centered on the comune of Palestrina in Italy.
The current bishop of Palestrina is Domenico Sigalini, who from 3 Novembe ...
, † 6 September 1276
*
Bonaventure, O.F.M.,
Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor —
cardinal-bishop of Albano, † 15 July 1274
*
Pierre de Tarentaise, O.P.,
archbishop of Lyon —
cardinal-bishop of Ostia e Velletri, then (21 January 1276)
Pope Innocent V † 22 June 1276
*
Bertrand de Saint-Martin
Bertrand de Saint-Martin (died 28 or 29 March 1278) was a French cardinal.
He was born in Arles.
Career in the Church
He entered the Order of Benedictines and by 1238 was dean of the abbey of Saint-André de Villeneuve at Avignon. In 1248 he ...
, O.S.B.,
archbishop of Arles —
cardinal-bishop of Sabina
A cardinal ( la, Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis, literally 'cardinal of the Holy Roman Church') is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. Cardinals are created by the ruling pope and typically hold the title for life. Col ...
, † 28 March 1278 (?)
"Presumed cardinals"
According to Cardella in 1275 Gregory X celebrated the second consistory for the creation of two additional cardinals, but modern scholars have established that this never happened:
Apart from the lack of any documentary proof attesting the promotion of these individuals (in the case of Visconti - even of his existence), the contemporary chronicler
Salimbene
Salimbene di Adam, O.F.M., (or Salimbene of Parma) (9 October 1221 – 1290) was an Italian Franciscan friar, theologian, and chronicler who is a source for Italian history of the 13th century.
Life
He was born in Parma, the son of Guido di A ...
explicitly says that the consistory of 1273 was the only single promotion of the new cardinals in the pontificate of Gregory X, and mentions only five cardinals promoted at that time.
Monumenta Germaniae Historica
The ''Monumenta Germaniae Historica'' (''MGH'') is a comprehensive series of carefully edited and published primary sources, both chronicle and archival, for the study of Northwestern and Central European history from the end of the Roman Empire ...
, Scriptores 32, pp. 495-496; cfr. Stapper, p. 35 not. 3.
Notes
Sources
*{{cite web, authorlink=Salvador Miranda (historian) , last=Miranda , first=Salvador , title=Consistories for the creation of Cardinals 13th Century (1198-1303): Gregory X (1271-1276) , url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/consistories-xiii.htm#GregoryX, work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church , accessdate=, publisher=
Florida International University, oclc=53276621
*
Konrad Eubel: ''Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi'', vol. 1, Münster 1913
* Richard Stapper: ''Papst Johannes XXI'', Kirchengeschichtliche Studien, Münster 1898
* Richard Sternfeld, ''Der Kardinal Johann Gaetan Orsini (Papst Nikolaus III.) 1244-1277'', Berlin 1905
* Lorenzo Cardella: ''Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa'', vol. 2, Rome 1793
Gregory X
College of Cardinals
Gre