it, Basilica di Sant'Agostino in Campo Marzio
, image = Sant Agostino Fassade.jpg , caption = Façade from the Piazza di Sant’Agostino , coordinates = , image_size=270 , mapframe-frame-width=270 , mapframe=yes , mapframe-caption=Click on the map for a fullscreen view , mapframe-zoom=13 , mapframe-marker=religious-christian , mapframe-wikidata=yes , location = 80 Via della Scrofa (parish office), Rome , country = Italy , denomination = Catholic , religious institute = Order of Saint Augustine , website = , founder =

Pope Boniface VIII Pope Boniface VIII ( la, Bonifatius PP. VIII; born Benedetto Caetani, c. 1230 – 11 October 1303) was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 December 1294 to his death in 1303. The Caetani, Caetani family was of b ...

Guillaume d'Estouteville , dedication =

Augustine of Hippo Augustine of Hippo ( , ; la, Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Af ...

Tryphon Tryphon or Trypho ( el, Τρύφων, ''gen''.: Τρύφωνος; c. 60 BC – 10 BC) was a Greek grammarian who lived and worked in Alexandria. He was a contemporary of Didymus Chalcenterus. He wrote several specialized works on aspects of lan ...

, cult = Saint Augustine
Saint Monica
Madonna del Parto , relics = Saint Monica

Saint Tryphon Saint Tryphon, Triphon or Trifon may refer to: Saints *Tryphon of Campsada, 3rd-century saint *Tryphon of Constantinople, Patriarch of Constantinople (928–931) *Tryphon of Pechenga, 16th-century saint * Tryphon of Vyatka, 16th-century Russian sa ...

, status = Minor basilica , functional status = Active , architect = Giacomo di Pietrasanta
Francesco Borromini
Baccio Pontelli
Luigi Vanvitelli
Carlo Murena , style = Roman renaissance , diocese = Diocese of Rome , cardinal protector = Jean-Pierre Ricard , priestincharge = Felice Perrino The Basilica of St. Augustine in Campo Marzio ( it, Basilica di Sant'Agostino in Campo Marzio; la, Basilica Sancti Augustini in Campo Martio), commonly known as Basilica of St. Augustine and ''Sant'Agostino'', is a Roman Catholic titular minor basilica dedicated to Saint Augustine of Hippo. It is the mother church of the Order of Saint Augustine and it is located just northeast of the Piazza Navona in the rione of Sant'Eustachio in Rome, Italy. First conceived in 1286, the current basilica (completed in 1483) is known for its Roman renaissance architecture style; housing artwork by

Caravaggio Michelangelo Merisi (Michele Angelo Merigi or Amerighi) da Caravaggio, known as simply Caravaggio (, , ; 29 September 1571 – 18 July 1610), was an Italian painter active in Rome for most of his artistic life. During the final four years of hi ...

, Raphael, and Guercino; and being the final burial place of Augustine's mother Saint Monica.

History

The primitive St. Tryphon in Posterula Church was built at this site in AD 700s & was dedicated to the martyr St. Tryphon of Campsada. The

Order of St. Augustine The Order of Saint Augustine, ( la, Ordo Fratrum Sancti Augustini) abbreviated OSA, is a religious mendicant order of the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1244 by bringing together several eremitical groups in the Tuscany region who were fo ...

of the Catholic Church was founded at the Santa Maria del Popolo Basilica in Rome in 1244. The Augustinian friars soon desired to have their main monastery and church closer to Vatican City. The Roman nobleman Egidio Lufredi donated land near here in Campo Marzio to the Augustinian friars in 1286. On February 20, 1287, Pope Honorius IV granted the St. Tryphon in Posterula Church to the Augustinian friars. The first basilica, commissioned by

, was built here by the Augustinian friars in 1296-1446 right next to the St. Tryphon in Posterula Church. The construction of the second (current) basilica began in 1479. It was commissioned by

Pope Sixtus IV Pope Sixtus IV ( it, Sisto IV: 21 July 1414 – 12 August 1484), born Francesco della Rovere, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 August 1471 to his death in August 1484. His accomplishments as pope include ...

; designed by architect Baccio Pontelli (who also designed the Sistine Chapel); and funded by Cardinal Guillaume d'Estouteville. Its construction was completed in 1483. Giacomo di Pietrasanta (?-1495) built its façade by using travertine salvaged from the ruins of the Colosseum. Its façade reads: Guillermus de Estoutevilla, Episc

pus Pus is an exudate, typically white-yellow, yellow, or yellow-brown, formed at the site of inflammation during bacterial or fungal infection. An accumulation of pus in an enclosed tissue space is known as an abscess, whereas a visible collection ...

Ostien is Card

nalis The National Library and Information System of Trinidad and Tobago (known as NALIS) is a corporate body established by the NALIS Act No. 18 of 1998 to administer the development and coordination of library and information services in Trinidad and ...

Rothomagen is S nctaeR

manae Manae may refer to: * '' Inanidrilus manae'', a species of annelid worm * Manaé Feleu, French rugby union player {{Disambiguation ...

E clesiae Camerarius, Fecit MCCCCLXXXIII = William d'Estouteville, Bishop of Ostia, Cardinal of Rouen of the Holy Roman Church, Camerlengo, Built This in 1483. Its first restoration was completed in 1763 by Luigi Vanvitelli; its second restoration was completed in 1870; and its most recent restoration occurred in 1998-2000. The title of Sant'Agostino has been held by Cardinal Jean-Pierre Ricard since 2006. It is the station church of the first Saturday in

Lent Lent ( la, Quadragesima, 'Fortieth') is a solemn religious observance in the liturgical calendar commemorating the 40 days Jesus spent fasting in the desert and enduring temptation by Satan, according to the Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke ...

. As of 2022, it is open to the public Monday-Saturday at 7:15 am - 12:00 pm and 4:00-7:30 pm. Tourists can not visit on Sundays when mass is held at 8:00 am, 10:00 am, 12:00 pm and 6:30 pm.

Artwork

The 1606 painting ''

Madonna of Loreto The ''Madonna of Loreto'' is an oil on panel painting by the Italian High Renaissance painter Raphael, executed ''c.'' 1511. It is housed in the Musée Condé of Chantilly, France. For centuries the painting kept company with Raphael's ''Portr ...

'' (also known as the Madonna of the Pilgrims) by

is located in the first chapel on the left. The heirs of Ermete Cavalletti (?-1602) bought the Pieta Chapel on September 4, 1603; and soon commissioned Caravaggio to paint the Madonna for their family's chapel. It was hung in 1606 at the altar in the Cavalletti Chapel (former Pieta Chapel) in place of a Pieta that was sold to Pope Paul V (formerly Cardinal Camillo Borghese). The 1512

fresco Fresco (plural ''frescos'' or ''frescoes'') is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster, and with the setting of the plaste ...

'' Prophet Isaiah'' by Raphael is located on the third pilaster of the left nave. It was part of the funerary monument of Johannes Goritz (1455-1527; also known as Janus Corycius). Isaiah holds a Hebrew scroll stating: “Open the doors, so that the people who believe may enter.” (Isaiah 26:2–3) The statue ''Saint Anne and Virgin with Child'' (1512) by Andrea Sansovino is located below Raphael's ''Isaiah''. The 1521 sculpture ''Madonna del Parto'' (Our Lady of Childbirth) by

Jacopo Sansovino Jacopo d'Antonio Sansovino (2 July 1486 – 27 November 1570) was an Italian Renaissance sculptor and architect, best known for his works around the Piazza San Marco in Venice. These are crucial works in the history of Venetian Renaissance archi ...

is based, according to a legend, on an ancient statue of

Agrippina Agrippina is an ancient Roman cognomen and a feminine given name. People with either the cognomen or the given name include: Cognomen Relatives of the Roman general Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa: * Vipsania Agrippina (36 BC–20 AD), first wife of th ...

holding Nero in her arms, is reputed by tradition to work miracles in childbirth. It is located in a niche to the right of the entrance and is surrounded by thank-offerings of flowers and candles. The 1588 frescoes of ''St. John the Baptist'' and ''St. John the Evangelist'' by

Avanzino Nucci Avanzino Nucci (c. 1552–1629) was an Italian painter of the late-Renaissance period. Biography He was born in Gubbio and died in Rome. He trained with Niccolò Circignani (il Pomarancio). Bernardino Gagliardi was one of his pupils. His paintin ...

are also here. The 1616 ceiling fresco ''Assumption of Mary'' and three paintings by

Giovanni Lanfranco Giovanni Lanfranco (26 January 1582 – 30 November 1647) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. Biography Giovanni Gaspare Lanfranco was born in Parma, the third son of Stefano and Cornelia Lanfranchi, and was placed as a page in the ho ...

are located in the Buongiovanni Chapel (in the left transept). The 1600s painting ''Saints Augustine, John the Evangelist and Jerome'' by Guercino is also here. The sculpture ''St. Thomas of Villanova Distributing Alms'' by Melchiorre Cafà and completed by his mentor Ercole Ferrata is located in the St. Thomas of Villanova Chapel (left end of transept). The etching ''

Charity of St Thomas of Villanova ''Charity of St Thomas of Villanova'' is an etching by Melchiorre Cafà from the 1660s. Description The print's dimensions are 60 x 40 centimeters. It is in the collection of MUŻA in Valletta, Malta. Analysis It is an illustration of the s ...

'' by Cafà himself illustrates this same sculpture. The 1628 High Altar was designed by

Orazio Turriani Orazio Torriani (or Torrigiani) (1578-1657) was an architect and sculptor who worked in Rome. Career In 1602 Torriani rebuilt the church of San Lorenzo in Miranda within the ''cella'' of the Temple of Antoninus and Faustina. In 1624 he built ...

. It was previously (but erroneously) thought that

Gian Lorenzo Bernini Gian Lorenzo (or Gianlorenzo) Bernini (, , ; Italian Giovanni Lorenzo; 7 December 159828 November 1680) was an Italian sculptor and architect. While a major figure in the world of architecture, he was more prominently the leading sculptor of his ...

had designed it. Its nave ceiling fresco was completed in 1868 by

Pietro Gagliardi Pietro Gagliardi (9 August 1809 – 19 September 1890) was an Italian painter and architect, who decorated many churches and palaces in Rome and throughout Italy. Biography Gagliardi was born in Rome on 9 August 1809 to Francesco (of Campania ...

; who also made the 5 prophet pillar frescoes (including ''Ezekiel''), 6 Old Testament women & 12 scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary. File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0989 - St. Augustine Basilica (1483) - Cavalletti Chapel - Madonna of Loreto (the Pilgrims) (1606) by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (1571–1610).jpg, Painting ''

'' (1606) by

in the Cavalletti Chapel File:Madonna dei Pellegrini (Sant'Agostino in Campo Marzio) September 2015-1.jpg, Painting

(1606) by

File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0977 - St. Augustine Basilica (1463) - Dome ceiling - Jesus Christ & the Twelve Apostles.jpg, Dome ceiling painting ''Jesus Christ & the Twelve Apostles'' File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0988 - St. Augustine Basilica (1483) - Nave ceiling fresco (1868) by Pietro Gagliardi (1809-1890).jpg, upright=0.68, Nave ceiling fresco (1868) by

File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0996 - St. Augustine Basilica (1492) - Ezekiel (1860s) by Pietro Gagliardi (1809-1890).jpg, Pillar fresco ''Ezekiel'' (1860s) by

File:S Agostino - al pilastro Isaia (Raffaello, da Volterra ecc) e sotto s Anna ecc (Sansovino) A100016.JPG, Pillar fresco '' Prophet Isaiah'' (1512) by Raphael and statue ''Saint Anne and Virgin with Child'' (1512) by Andrea Sansovino File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0993 - St. Augustine Basilica (1483) - Prophet Isaiah (1512) by Raphael (1483-1520).jpg, Pillar fresco '' Prophet Isaiah'' (1512) by Raphael File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0975 - St. Augustine Basilica (1483) - High Altar (1628) designed by Orazio Turriani (1578-1657).jpg, upright=0.68, ''High Altar'' (1628) by

File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0994 - St. Augustine Basilica (1483) - John the Baptist (1588) by Avanzino Nucci (1552-1629).jpg, Fresco ''John the Baptist'' (1588) by

File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0995 - St. Augustine Basilica (1483) - John the Evangelist (1588) by Avanzino Nucci (1552-1629).jpg, upright=0.68, Fresco ''John the Evangelist'' (1588) by

File:2022-05-06 Rome - 0997 - St. Augustine Basilica (1483) - Madonna del Parto (Our Lady of Childbirth) (1521) by Jacopo Sansovino (1486-1570).jpg, Statue ''Madonna del Parto (Our Lady of Childbirth)'' (1521) by

File:Sant'Agostino (Roma) – San Tommaso da Villanova, Melchiorre Cafà.jpg, Statue ''St. Thomas of Villanova Distributing Alms'' (1600s) by Melchiorre Cafà File:Incoronazione della Vergine con i santi Agostino e Guglielmo - Lanfrano.jpg, Painting ''Coronation of the Virgin with Saints Augustine and William'' (1619) by

Tombs

St. Tryphon of Campsada died in AD 250 and is located under the High Altar. Saint Monica died in 387. Her tomb was transferred here from the Santa Aurea Church in Ostia Antica, Italy on April 11, 1424. Her sarcophagus was designed by Isaia da Pisa (1410-1464) in 1455, and is now located in the Chapel of Saint Monica (left of the apse). Norways's Archbishop Olav Trondsson died on November 25, 1474. His tombstone reads: "CVI DEDERAT SACRAM MERITO NORVEGIA SEDEM HIC TEGIT OLAVI FRIGIDVS OSSA LAPIS" (Here a cold stone covers the bones of Olav, to whom Norway rightly gave the holy chair). Cardinal Guillaume d'Estouteville died on January 22, 1483. Cardinal

Giuseppe Renato Imperiali Giuseppe Renato Imperiali (1 May 1651 – 18 February 1737) was an Italian cardinal, and known as an avid bibliophile. Biography He was born in Francavilla Fontana in Apulia, in the Kingdom of Naples, into an aristocratic family which had com ...

died on February 18, 1737. Pietro Bracci designed and sculpted his polychrome tomb in 1741. The inscriptions found in the basilica have been collected and published by Vincenzo Forcella.V. Forcella, ''Inscrizioni delle chiese e d' altre edifici di Roma, dal secolo XI fino al secolo XVI'' Volume V (Roma: Fratelli Bencini, 1875), pp. 1-112. n Italian and Latin

List of Cardinal-Protectors

Pope Sixtus V Pope Sixtus V ( it, Sisto V; 13 December 1521 – 27 August 1590), born Felice Piergentile, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 April 1585 to his death in August 1590. As a youth, he joined the Franciscan order ...

(1585–1590) established the titular church of a cardinal priest in April 1587.

References

Bibliography

* P Antonino Ronci and D. Torre, ''S. Agostino in Campo Marzio, Roma'' (Roma: D. Torre, 950?.

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Agostino Roman Catholic churches completed in 1483 Basilica churches in Rome Titular churches 15th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Italy Renaissance architecture in Rome Churches of Rome (rione Sant'Eustachio) Order of St. Augustine Augustinian churches in Italy Luigi Vanvitelli buildings