In chemistry, a carbazide is a

functional group In organic chemistry, a functional group is a substituent or moiety in a molecule that causes the molecule's characteristic chemical reactions. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reactions regardless of the rest ...

with the general formula RNH-NH(C=O)NH-NHR. They can be derived from the

condensation Condensation is the change of the state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase, and is the reverse of vaporization. The word most often refers to the water cycle. It can also be defined as the change in the state of water vapor to ...

of carbonic acid with a

hydrazine Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a simple pnictogen hydride, and is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour. Hydrazine is highly toxic unless handled in solution as, for example, hydrazine ...

Carbohydrazide Carbohydrazide is the chemical compound with the formula OC(N2H3)2. It is a white, water-soluble solid. It decomposes upon melting. A number of carbazides are known where one or more N-H groups are replaced by other substituents. They occur wi ...

is the simplest carbazide, with another common carbazide being diphenylcarbazide, which is used as an analytical reagent.

Diphenylcarbazide 1,5-Diphenylcarbazide (or simply Diphenylcarbazide, often abbreviated DPC) is a chemical compound from the group of the carbazides. It has a structural formula similar to that of diphenylcarbazone and can be easily converted into it by oxidatio ...

forms an intense blue color with chromium in the hexavalent state. It has an absorptivity coefficient of about 3400. That means very small amounts of chromium can be detected; 25 micrograms in 25 mL of solution are too dark to read on a spectral device, so concentrations well below that can be detected.

Thiocarbazide

The sulfur

analog Analog or analogue may refer to: Computing and electronics * Analog signal, in which information is encoded in a continuous variable ** Analog device, an apparatus that operates on analog signals *** Analog electronics, circuits which use analog ...

is called a thiocarbazide, of which

thiocarbohydrazide Thiocarbohydrazide is a toxic compound made by the reaction of carbon disulfide with hydrazine (hydrazinolysis). It is used in the silver proteinate specific staining of carbohydrates in electron microscopy An electron microscope is a microsc ...

is the simplest example.

Carbazone and thiocarbazone

A carbazone is a partially

oxidized Redox (reduction–oxidation, , ) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of substrate change. Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, while reduction is the gain of electrons or a d ...

carbazide with the general formula R=NNH(C=O)NH-NHR. The sulfur analog is called a thiocarbazone, of which dithizone is an example.

References

{{reflist Hydrazides Functional groups

Thiocarbazide

Carbazone and thiocarbazone

See also

References