The Capulidae, the cap snails or cap shells, are a

taxonomic Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. ...

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

limpet Limpets are a group of aquatic snails that exhibit a conical shell shape (patelliform) and a strong, muscular foot. Limpets are members of the class Gastropoda, but are polyphyletic, meaning the various groups called "limpets" descended indep ...

-like

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...

s in the

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

Littorinimorpha Littorinimorpha is a large order of snails, gastropods, consisting primarily of sea snails ( marine species), but also including some freshwater snails ( aquatic species) and land snails (terrestrial species).Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Fr� ...

.Gofas, S. (2012). Capulidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=139 on 2012-07-24 Capulidae is the only family in the superfamily Capuloidea. According to taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Capulidae has no subfamilies. The name Trichotropidae was previously used for this family, but this name is invalid, as it is a junior

synonym A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are all ...

Genera

Genera within the family Capulidae include: *''

Ariadnaria ''Ariadnaria'' is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Capulidae The Capulidae, the cap snails or cap shells, are a taxonomic family of limpet-like sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorini ...

'' Habe, 1961 * † '' Blackdownia'' Kollmann, 1976 Kiel S. (2003) ''New taxonomic data for the gastropod fauna of the Umzamba Formation (Santonian–Campanian, South Africa)''; Cretaceous Research 24 (2003) 449–475 * ''

Capulus ''Capulus'' is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Capulidae, the cap snails. Species Species within the genus ''Capulus'' include: * '' Capulus badius'' Dunker, 1882 * '' Capulus californicus'' Dall, 1900 * '' C ...

'' Montfort, 1810 * '' Cerithioderma'' Conrad, 1860 (?) * '' Ciliatotropis'' Golikov, 1986 * '' Discotrichoconcha'' Powell, 1951 * ''

Echinospira A veliger is the planktonic larva of many kinds of sea snails and freshwater snails, as well as most bivalve molluscs (clams) and tusk shells. Description The veliger is the characteristic larva of the gastropod, bivalve and scaphopod tax ...

'' Girotti, 1970 * ''

Hyalorisia ''Hyalorisia'' is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Capulidae The Capulidae, the cap snails or cap shells, are a taxonomic family of limpet-like sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinim ...

'' Dall, 1889 * '' Icuncula'' Iredale, 1924 * ''

Krebsia ''Lotononis'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae and the tribe Crotalarieae. Almost all of the species in the genus occur in southern Africa. Species Several species were recently transferred from ''Lotononis'' to four new or ...

'' Montfort, 1810 (?) * '' Lippistes'' Montfort, 1810 (?) * ''

Neoiphinoe ''Neoiphinoe'' is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Capulidae The Capulidae, the cap snails or cap shells, are a taxonomic family of limpet-like sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorini ...

'' Habe, 1978 * ''

Malluvium ''Malluvium'' is a genus of small sea snails, limpet-like cap snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Hipponicidae ''Hipponicidae'', common name hoof shells or hoof snails, is a family of small sea snails, limpet-like marine ...

'' Melvill, 1906 (?) * '' Rufodardanula'' Ponder, 1965 (?) * ''

Separatista ''Separatista'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Capulidae The Capulidae, the cap snails or cap shells, are a taxonomic family of limpet-like sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorph ...

'' Gray, 1847 * '' Torellia'' Lovén in Jeffreys, 1867 * '' Trichamathina'' Habe, 1962 * '' Trichosirius''

Finlay Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh. Given name Finlay *Finlay Mickel, Scottish skier *Finlay Currie (1878–1968), Scottish actor *Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby play ...

, 1926 (?) * '' Trichotropis'' Broderip and G. B. Sowerby I, 1829 * '' Turritropis'' Habe, 1961 * ''

Verticosta ''Verticosta '' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, in the family (biology), family Capulidae. Species Species within the genus ''Verticosta '' include: * ''Verticosta campanella'' S.-I Huang & M.-H. Lin, 2020 * ''Verticosta cra ...

'' S.-I Huang & M.-H. Lin, 2020 * '' Zelippistes''

, 1927 (?) ; Genera brought into synonymy : * ''Actita'' Fischer von Waldheim, 1823: synonym of ''Capulus'' Montfort, 1810 * ''Antitrichotropis'' Powell, 1951: synonym of ''Torellia'' Jeffreys, 1867 * ''Brocchia'' Bronn, 1828: synonym of ''Capulus'' Montfort, 1810 * ''Capulonix'' Iredale, 1929: synonym of ''Capulus'' Montfort, 1810 * ''Iphinoe'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 : synonym of ''Neoiphinoe'' Habe, 1978 * ''Neoconcha'' E.A. Smith, 1907: synonym of ''Torellia (Neoconcha)'' E.A. Smith, 1907 * ''Ovotropis'' Egorov & Alexeyev, 1998: synonym of ''Neoiphinoe'' Habe, 1978 * ''Pileopsis'' Lamarck, 1822 : synonym of ''Capulus'' Montfort, 1810 * ''Trichoconcha'' E.A. Smith, 1907: synonym of ''Torellia'' Jeffreys, 1867

References

* Powell A. W. B., ''New Zealand Mollusca'', William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 * Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp
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External links

image of ''Capulus dilatatus''
*
Miocene Gastropods and Biostratigraphy of the Kern River Area, California; United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 642
{{Capulidae-stub