A cantor or chanter is a person who leads people in singing or sometimes in
prayer. In formal
Jewish worship, a cantor is a person who sings solo verses or passages to which the choir or congregation responds.
In
Judaism, a cantor sings and leads congregants in prayer in Jewish religious services; sometimes called a
hazzan
A ''hazzan'' (; , lit. Hazan) or ''chazzan'' ( he, חַזָּן , plural ; Yiddish ''khazn''; Ladino ''Hasan'') is a Jewish musician or precentor trained in the vocal arts who helps lead the congregation in songful prayer.
In English, this pr ...
. A cantor in
Reform and
Conservative Judaism
Conservative Judaism, known as Masorti Judaism outside North America, is a Jewish religious movement which regards the authority of ''halakha'' (Jewish law) and traditions as coming primarily from its people and community through the generatio ...
, just like in
Orthodox Judaism, goes through years of extensive religious education, similar to that of a
Rabbi
A rabbi () is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi – known as '' semikha'' – following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form o ...
, in order to become an officially recognized cantor. They often come from a long line of cantors in their family; born with a natural gift of singing with incredible
vocal range.
The term itself was shaped by the Latin term for "singer," but is not an inherently Latin word.
It is frequently used to translate a range of equivalent terms in other languages, such as for the leader of singing on a traditional
Kerala snake boat, a
Chundan Vallam. A similar term is
precentor, defined as a leader of the singing of a choir or congregation.
More specific types of cantor include:
*
Hazzan
A ''hazzan'' (; , lit. Hazan) or ''chazzan'' ( he, חַזָּן , plural ; Yiddish ''khazn''; Ladino ''Hasan'') is a Jewish musician or precentor trained in the vocal arts who helps lead the congregation in songful prayer.
In English, this pr ...
in Judaism, a singer and/or musician.
Orthodox Judaism only allows men to be cantors, while the other branches allow women. Reform Judaism and Orthodox Judaism ordain cantors from seminaries. Ordained cantors serve as clergy in their congregations and perform all ministerial rites as rabbis.
* An ordained
muezzin, who calls the
Adhan
Adhan ( ar, أَذَان ; also variously transliterated as athan, adhane (in French), azan/azaan (in South Asia), adzan (in Southeast Asia), and ezan (in Turkish), among other languages) is the Islamic call to public prayer (salah) in a mos ...
in Islam for prayer, that serves as clergy in their congregations and perform all ministerial rites as
imam
Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, ser ...
s.
*
Cantor in Christianity, an ecclesiastical officer leading liturgical music in several branches of the Christian church
**
Protopsaltis, leader master cantor of the right choir (Orthodox Church)
**
Lampadarios, leader of the left choir (Orthodox Church)
**
Domestikos, leader assistant to the Protopsaltis of the right choir and/or to the Lampdarios of the left choir (Orthodox Church)
**
Precentor
**
Succentor
See also
*
Jewish prayer
Jewish prayer ( he, תְּפִלָּה, ; plural ; yi, תּפֿלה, tfile , plural ; Yinglish: davening from Yiddish 'pray') is the prayer recitation that forms part of the observance of Rabbinic Judaism. These prayers, often with i ...
References
Religious music
Religious occupations
Broad-concept articles
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