The Canthyloscelidae are a small family of midges closely related to the Scatopsidae. Adults are small to medium-sized (2.5-9.0 mm) flies, relatively stout, usually dark coloured Nematocera with stout legs. They are associated with ancient woodland. Larvae are xylosaprophagous and live in the moist, rotting wood of stumps and fallen trees. Most are considered endangered due to the vulnerability of their habitat. There are 15 described species worldwide from New Zealand,

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

, South America,

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

and Russia. The 3 species in Europe are suspected to be introductions. There is one know fossil species from the Jurassic.

Systematics

Originally considered to be two separate families, the Synneuridae and the Canthyloscelidae. Haenni placed the Synneuridae as the subfamily Synneurinae. A phylogenetic reclassification by Amorim has reduced the Synneurinae into a synonymy of Canthyloscelinae. * Genus '' Canthyloscelis''

Edwards Edwards may refer to: People * Edwards (surname) * Edwards family, a prominent family from Chile * Edwards Barham (1937-2014), a former member of the Louisiana State Senate * Edwards Pierrepont (1817–1892), an American attorney, jurist, and ora ...

, 1922 **'' Canthyloscelis antennata''

, 1922 **'' Canthyloscelis apicata''

, 1934 **'' Canthyloscelis balaena'' Hutson, 1977 **'' Canthyloscelis brevicornis'' Nagatomi, 1983 **'' Canthyloscelis claripennis''

, 1922 **'' Canthyloscelis nigricoxa''

, 1922 **'' Canthyloscelis pectinata''

, 1930 **'' Canthyloscelis pectipennis''

, 1930 **'' Canthyloscelis valdiviana'' Tollet, 1959 * Genus ''

Exiliscelis ''Exiliscelis'' is a genus of gnats, gall midges, and March flies in the family Canthyloscelidae The Canthyloscelidae are a small family of midges closely related to the Scatopsidae. Adults are small to medium-sized (2.5-9.0 mm) flies, rel ...

'' Hutson 1977 **''

Exiliscelis californiensis ''Exiliscelis'' is a genus of gnats, gall midges, and March flies in the family Canthyloscelidae The Canthyloscelidae are a small family of midges closely related to the Scatopsidae. Adults are small to medium-sized (2.5-9.0 mm) flies, rel ...

'' Hutson, 1977 * Genus '' Hyperoscelis'' Hardy & Nagatomi 1960 **'' Hyperoscelis eximia'' (

Boheman Boheman is a Swedish surname. Prevalence Outside of Sweden, the surname is also prevalent in the United States. Origin The surname originates from the name of a burguess from Jönköping. Notable people Notable people with this surname include ...

, 1858) introduced in Europe **'' Hyperoscelis veternosa'' Mamaev & Krivosheina, 1969 introduced in Europe * Genus '' Prohyperoscelis'' Kovalev 1985 Itat Formation, Russia, Bathonian **'' Prohyperoscelis jurassicus''

† A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species). It is one of the modern descendan ...

Kovalev, 1985 * Genus ''

Synneuron ''Synneuron'' is a genus of gnats, gall midges, and March flies in the family Canthyloscelidae. There are at least four described species in ''Synneuron''. Species These four species belong to the genus ''Synneuron'': * ''Synneuron annulipes'' Lu ...

'' Lundström 1910 **''

Synneuron annulipes ''Synneuron'' is a genus of gnats, gall midges, and March flies in the family Canthyloscelidae The Canthyloscelidae are a small family of midges closely related to the Scatopsidae. Adults are small to medium-sized (2.5-9.0 mm) flies, relat ...

'' Lundström, 1910 introduced in Europe **''

Synneuron decipens ''Synneuron'' is a genus of gnats, gall midges, and March flies in the family Canthyloscelidae. There are at least four described species in ''Synneuron''. Species These four species belong to the genus ''Synneuron'': * ''Synneuron annulipes '' ...

'' Hutson, 1977 **''

Synneuron sylvestre ''Synneuron'' is a genus of gnats, gall midges, and March flies in the family Canthyloscelidae. There are at least four described species in ''Synneuron''. Species These four species belong to the genus ''Synneuron'': * ''Synneuron annulipes'' Lu ...

'' Mamaev & Krivosheina, 1969 **''Synneuron eomontana'' Kishenehn Formation, USA, Eocene **''Synneuron jelli'' Koonwarra Fossil Bed, Australia,

Aptian The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma to 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma (million years ago), a ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1938951 Nematocera families Psychodomorpha